Variation in the recall of socially rewarding information and depressive symptom severity: a prospective cohort study.
Glyn Lewis,Daphne-Zacharenia Kounali,Katherine S. Button,Larisa Duffy,Nicola J Wiles,Marcus R. Munafò,Catherine J. Harmer +6 more
TLDR
To test the association between recall for socially rewarding (positive) and/or socially critical (negative) information and depressive symptoms, a large number of patients with confirmed or suspected depressive symptoms are surveyed.Abstract:
Objective
To test the association between recall for socially rewarding (positive) and/or socially critical (negative) information and depressive symptoms.
Method
Cohort study of people who had visited UK primary care in the past year reporting depressive symptoms (N = 558, 69% female). Positive and negative recall was assessed at three time-points, 2 weeks apart, using a computerised task. Depressive symptoms were assessed at four time-points using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Analyses were conducted using multilevel models.
Results
Concurrently we found evidence that, for every increase in two positive words recalled, depressive symptoms reduced by 0.6 (95% CI −1.0 to −0.2) BDI points. This association was not affected by adjustment for confounders. There was no evidence of an association between negative recall and depressive symptoms (−0.1, 95% CI −0.5 to 0.3). Longitudinally, we found more evidence that positive recall was associated with reduced depressive symptoms than vice versa.
Conclusion
People with more severe depressive symptoms recall less positive information, even if their recall of negative information is unaltered. Clinicians could put more emphasis on encouraging patients to recall positive, socially rewarding information, rather than trying to change negative interpretations of events that have already occurred.read more
Citations
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Thinking fast and slow.
TL;DR: Prospect Theory led cognitive psychology in a new direction that began to uncover other human biases in thinking that are probably not learned but are part of the authors' brain’s wiring.
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How do antidepressants work? New perspectives for refining future treatment approaches
TL;DR: The ways in which monoamine neurotransmitter-based and neural plasticity theories reflect different or complementary approaches to antidepressant drug action are discussed, and how they might be integrated to offer novel solutions for people with depression are discussed.
BookDOI
Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults: Opportunities for the Health Care System
TL;DR: This report makes recommendations specifically for clinical settings of health care to identify those who suffer the resultant negative health impacts of social isolation and loneliness and target interventions to improve their social conditions.
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The association between loneliness and depressive symptoms among adults aged 50 years and older: a 12-year population-based cohort study.
Siu Long Lee,Eiluned Pearce,Olesya Ajnakina,Olesya Ajnakina,Sonia Johnson,Sonia Johnson,Glyn Lewis,Glyn Lewis,Farhana Mann,Farhana Mann,Alexandra Pitman,Alexandra Pitman,Francesca Solmi,Andrew Sommerlad,Andrew Sommerlad,Andrew Steptoe,Urszula Tymoszuk,Gemma Lewis +17 more
TL;DR: Irrespective of other social experiences, higher loneliness scores at baseline were associated with higher depression symptom severity scores during 12 years of follow-up among adults aged 50 years and older, suggesting that 11-18% of cases of depression could potentially be prevented if loneliness were eliminated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Social relationships and depression during the COVID-19 lockdown: longitudinal analysis of the COVID-19 Social Study.
Andrew Sommerlad,Louise Marston,Jonathan Huntley,Jonathan Huntley,Gill Livingston,Gill Livingston,Gemma Lewis,Andrew Steptoe,Daisy Fancourt +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explored whether UK residents with more frequent or supportive social contact had fewer depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic and potential factors moderating the relationship.
References
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Thinking, Fast and Slow
TL;DR: Buku terlaris New York Times and The Economist tahun 2012 as mentioned in this paper, and dipilih oleh The NewYork Times Book Review sebagai salah satu dari sepuluh buku terbaik tahune 2011, Berpikir, Cepat and Lambat ditakdirkan menjadi klasik.
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General methods for monitoring convergence of iterative simulations
Stephen P. Brooks,Andrew Gelman +1 more
TL;DR: This work generalizes the method proposed by Gelman and Rubin (1992a) for monitoring the convergence of iterative simulations by comparing between and within variances of multiple chains, in order to obtain a family of tests for convergence.
Journal Article
Thinking fast and slow.
TL;DR: Prospect Theory led cognitive psychology in a new direction that began to uncover other human biases in thinking that are probably not learned but are part of the authors' brain’s wiring.