Journal ArticleDOI
Volcanic growth faults and the origin of Pacific abyssal hills
TLDR
Submersible-based investigations show that Pacific abyssal hills are created on the flanks of the East Pacific Rise as horsts and grabens which lengthen with time as mentioned in this paper.Abstract:
The topographic features known as abyssal hills characterize >30% of the ocean floor, and yet their origin has been the subject of vigorous debate for over 40 years. Submersible-based investigations show that Pacific abyssal hills are created on the flanks of the East Pacific Rise as horsts and grabens which lengthen with time. Hills are bounded on one side by ridge-facing scarps produced by normal faulting, and on the other by more gentle slopes produced by volcanic growth faulting.read more
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A new digital bathymetric model of the world's oceans
Pauline Weatherall,Karen M. Marks,Martin Jakobsson,Thierry Schmitt,Shin Tani,Jan Erik Arndt,Marzia Rovere,D. N. Chayes,Vicki Lynn Ferrini,Rochelle Wigley +9 more
TL;DR: The General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (GEBCO) as discussed by the authors has been updated with a new digital bathymetric model of the world ocean floor merged with land topography from publicly available digital elevation models.
Journal ArticleDOI
Permeability within basaltic oceanic crust
TL;DR: In this paper, a series of focused experiments are required to resolve the wide range of estimated permeability in shallow oceanic basement and to directly couple upper crustal hydrogeology to magmatic, tectonic, and geochemical crustal evolution.
Journal ArticleDOI
Modes of seafloor generation at a melt-poor ultraslow-spreading ridge
Mathilde Cannat,Daniel Sauter,Véronique Mendel,Etienne Ruellan,Kyoko Okino,Javier Escartín,Violaine Combier,Mohamad Baala +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report on extensive off-axis bathymetry, gravity, and magnetic data that provide a 26m.y.d. record of axial tectonic and magmatic processes over a 660km-long and melt-poor portion of the ultralow Southwest Indian Ridge.
Journal ArticleDOI
Modes of faulting at mid-ocean ridges
TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that plate unbending with distance from the top of an axial high reproduces the observed dip directions and offsets of faults formed at fast-spreading centres.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Mid-Ocean Ridges: Fine Scale Tectonic, Volcanic and Hydrothermal Processes Within the Plate Boundary Zone
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on the fine-scale tectonics and geophysics of the active axial zone of mid-ocean ridges with reference to associated volcanic and hydrothermal processes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stochastic Modeling of Seafloor Morphology: Inversion of Sea Beam Data for Second-Order Statistics
John A. Goff,Thomas H. Jordan +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the seafloor is modeled as a stationary, zero-mean, Gaussian random field completely specified by its two-point covariance function, and the second moments are used as data functionals.
Journal ArticleDOI
Volcanic eruption of the mid-ocean ridge along the East Pacific Rise crest at 9°45-52'N: Direct submersible observations of seafloor phenomena associated with an eruption event in April, 1991
Rachel M. Haymon,Daniel J. Fornari,K. L. Von Damm,Marvin D. Lilley,Michael R. Perfit,John M. Edmond,Wayne C. Shanks,Richard A. Lutz,J. M. Grebmeier,J. M. Grebmeier,Suzanne M. Carbotte,Dawn J. Wright,Elizabeth McLaughlin,Matthew Smith,N. Beedle,Eric J. Olson +15 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a suite of previously undocumented seafloor phenomena accompanying an in-progress eruption of the mid-ocean ridge on the East Pacific Rise crest at 9°45′N-52′N.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hydrothermal vent distribution along the East Pacific Rise crest (9°09′–54′N) and its relationship to magmatic and tectonic processes on fast-spreading mid-ocean ridges
Rachel M. Haymon,Daniel J. Fornari,Margo H. Edwards,Suzanne M. Carbotte,Dawn J. Wright,Ken C. Macdonald +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used the near bottom ARGO imaging system to visually and acoustically survey the narrow ( < 200 m wide) axial zone of the fast-spreading East Pacific Rise (EPR) along 83 km of its length (9°09′-54′N), and systematically mapped the distribution of hundreds of hydrothermal features relative to other fine-scale volcanic and tectonic features of the ridge crest.