Journal ArticleDOI
Water Supply and Stormwater Management Benefits of Residential Rainwater Harvesting in U.S. Cities
TLDR
In this article, the authors present an analysis of the projected performance of urban residential rainwater harvesting systems in the United States (U.S.), and show that performance is a function of cistern size and climatic pattern.Abstract:
This article presents an analysis of the projected performance of urban residential rainwater harvesting systems in the United States (U.S.). The objectives are to quantify for 23 cities in seven climatic regions (1) water supply provided from rainwater harvested at a residential parcel and (2) stormwater runoff reduction from a residential drainage catchment. Water-saving efficiency is determined using a water-balance approach applied at a daily time step for a range of rainwater cistern sizes. The results show that performance is a function of cistern size and climatic pattern. A single rain barrel (190 l [50 gal]) installed at a residential parcel is able to provide approximately 50% water-saving efficiency for the nonpotable indoor water demand scenario in cities of the East Coast, Southeast, Midwest, and Pacific Northwest, but <30% water-saving efficiency in cities of the Mountain West, Southwest, and most of California. Stormwater management benefits are quantified using the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Storm Water Management Model. The results indicate that rainwater harvesting can reduce stormwater runoff volume up to 20% in semiarid regions, and less in regions receiving greater rainfall amounts for a long-term simulation. Overall, the results suggest that U.S. cities and individual residents can benefit from implementing rainwater harvesting as a stormwater control measure and as an alternative source of water.read more
Citations
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A practical guide to the American Community Survey (3-year estimates)
TL;DR: The American Community Survey (ACS) as discussed by the authors has been conducted on an ongoing basis for the entire country since 2005 and has been shown to be more accurate than the traditional decennial census.
Journal ArticleDOI
Urban rainwater harvesting systems: Research, implementation and future perspectives.
Alberto Campisano,David Butler,Sarah Ward,Matthew J. Burns,Eran Friedler,K. M. DeBusk,L. Fisher-Jeffes,Enedir Ghisi,Ataur Rahman,Hiroaki Furumai,Mooyoung Han +10 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the pertinent practical, theoretical and social aspects of rainwater harvesting are reviewed in order to ascertain the state of the art and a major finding is that the degree of RWH systems implementation and the technology selection are strongly influenced by economic constraints and local regulations.
Journal Article
Urban rainwater harvesting systems: Research, implementation and future perspectives (vol 115, pg 195, 2017)
Alberto Campisano,David Butler,Sarah Ward,Matthew J. Burns,Eran Friedler,K. M. DeBusk,L. Fisher-Jeffes,Enedir Ghisi,Ataur Rahman,Hiroaki Furumai,Mooyoung Han +10 more
TL;DR: The pertinent practical, theoretical and social aspects of RWH are reviewed in order to ascertain the state of the art and it is suggested that future work on RWH addresses three priority challenges.
Journal ArticleDOI
Low-impact development practices to mitigate climate change effects on urban stormwater runoff: Case study of New York City
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the results of a climate change impact study on urban stormwater runoff in the Bronx River watershed, New York City, and investigate the potential for low-impact development (LID) controls to mitigate the impacts.
Journal ArticleDOI
Storm Water Management Model: Performance Review and Gap Analysis.
Mehran Niazi,Christopher T. Nietch,Mahdi Maghrebi,Nicole D. Jackson,Brittany R Bennett,Michael E. Tryby,Arash Massoudieh +6 more
TL;DR: The level of detail underlying the conceptual model of SWMM versus its overall computational parsimony is well balanced, making it an adequate model for large and medium-scale hydrologic applications.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Low Impact Development Practices: A Review of Current Research and Recommendations for Future Directions
TL;DR: In this article, a common thread across bioretention, green roofs and grassed swales was found: the export of phosphorus, which appears to be linked to high phosphorus levels in the soil media, or possibly to fertilization of turf or planted areas.
A practical guide to the American Community Survey (3-year estimates)
TL;DR: The American Community Survey (ACS) as discussed by the authors has been conducted on an ongoing basis for the entire country since 2005 and has been shown to be more accurate than the traditional decennial census.
Journal Article
Rainwater harvesting as an adaptation to climate change
TL;DR: It is hypothesized that people may resort to modify dwelling environments by adapting new strategies to optimize the utility of available water by harvesting rain rather than migrating to newer areas in response to climate change-rainwater harvest.
Journal ArticleDOI
Rainwater utilisation in Germany: efficiency, dimensioning, hydraulic and environmental aspects
Thilo Herrmann,Uwe Schmida +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the development and performance of rainwater utilisation systems in Germany are described and the operational characteristics of different types of rain water utilization systems are explained, and the water balance of a one-family house and a multi-storey building in Bochum was calculated in a case study.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evolving Urban Water and Residuals Management Paradigms: Water Reclamation and Reuse, Decentralization, and Resource Recovery
TL;DR: Adoption of these new approaches to urban water and resource management can lead to more sustainable solutions, defined as financially stable, using locally sustainable water supplies, energy-neutral, providing responsible nutrient management, and with access to clean water and appropriate sanitation for all.
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