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Why Is Facial Occlusion a Challenging Problem

TLDR
Improved alignment increases the correct recognition rate also in the experiments against the lower face occlusion, which shows that face registration plays a key role on face recognition performance.
Abstract
This paper investigates the main reason for the obtained low performance when the face recognition algorithms are tested on partially occluded face images. It has been observed that in the case of upper face occlusion, missing discriminative information due to occlusion only accounts for a very small part of the performance drop. The main factor is found to be the registration errors due to erroneous facial feature localization. It has been shown that by solving the misalignment problem, very high correct recognition rates can be achieved with a generic local appearance-based face recognition algorithm. In the case of a lower face occlusion, only a slight decrease in the performance is observed, when a local appearance-based face representation approach is used. This indicates the importance of local processing when dealing with partial face occlusion. Moreover, improved alignment increases the correct recognition rate also in the experiments against the lower face occlusion, which shows that face registration plays a key role on face recognition performance.

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Journal ArticleDOI

Facial Expression Analysis under Partial Occlusion: A Survey

TL;DR: A comprehensive review of recent advances in dataset creation, algorithm development, and investigations of the effects of occlusion critical for robust performance in FEA systems is presented in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI

Partial Face Recognition: Alignment-Free Approach

TL;DR: It is argued that a probe face image, holistic or partial, can be sparsely represented by a large dictionary of gallery descriptors by adopting a variable-size description which represents each face with a set of keypoint descriptors.
Journal ArticleDOI

Facial Expression Analysis under Partial Occlusion: A Survey

TL;DR: A comprehensive review of recent advances in dataset creation, algorithm development, and investigations of the effects of occlusion critical for robust performance in FEA systems is presented in this article.
Journal ArticleDOI

Facial feature point detection: A comprehensive survey

TL;DR: A comprehensive survey of facial feature point detection with the assistance of abundant manually labeled images is presented in this article, where the authors categorize existing methods into two primary categories according to whether there is the need of a parametric shape model: Parametric Shape Model-based methods and Nonparametric Shape Models-Based methods.
Proceedings ArticleDOI

SURF-Face: Face Recognition Under Viewpoint Consistency Constraints.

TL;DR: Experimental results on the AR-Face and CMU-PIE database using manually aligned faces, unaligned faces, and partially occluded faces show that the proposed approach is robust and can outperform current generic approaches.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Eigenfaces for recognition

TL;DR: A near-real-time computer system that can locate and track a subject's head, and then recognize the person by comparing characteristics of the face to those of known individuals, and that is easy to implement using a neural network architecture.
Journal ArticleDOI

Eigenfaces vs. Fisherfaces: recognition using class specific linear projection

TL;DR: A face recognition algorithm which is insensitive to large variation in lighting direction and facial expression is developed, based on Fisher's linear discriminant and produces well separated classes in a low-dimensional subspace, even under severe variations in lighting and facial expressions.
Journal ArticleDOI

Robust Face Recognition via Sparse Representation

TL;DR: This work considers the problem of automatically recognizing human faces from frontal views with varying expression and illumination, as well as occlusion and disguise, and proposes a general classification algorithm for (image-based) object recognition based on a sparse representation computed by C1-minimization.
Journal ArticleDOI

Face recognition using Laplacianfaces

TL;DR: Experimental results suggest that the proposed Laplacianface approach provides a better representation and achieves lower error rates in face recognition.
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