Showing papers on "Chrysanthemum indicum published in 2017"

Antioxidant activities of aqueous extracts from 12 Chinese edible flowers in vitro and in vivo

Abstract: The antioxidant function of edible flowers have attracted increasing interest. However, information is lacking on the impact of edible flowers on oxidative injury including hypoxia-re-oxygenation and hyperlipidemia. The antioxidant activities of aqueous extracts from 12 Chinese edible flowers were assessed in four different antioxidant models, including total antioxidant capacity (TAC), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), scavenging hydroxyl radical capacity (SHRC) and scavenging superoxide anion radical capacity (SSARC). Subsequently, the potential antioxidant effects on rat cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (rCMEC) treated with hypoxia-re-oxygenation and hyperlipidemia rats induced by high-fat diet were also evaluated. The highest TAC, ORAC, SHRC and SSARC were Lonicera japonica Thunb., Rosa rugosa Thunb., Chrysanthemum indicum L. and Rosa rugosa Thunb., respectively. Most aqueous extracts of edible flowers exhibited good antioxidant effects on injury of rCMEC induced by hypoxia-re-oxygenation. In addition, the aqueous extracts of Lonicera japonica Thunb., Carthamus tinctorius L., Magnolia officinalis Rehd. et Wils., Rosmarinus officinalis L. and Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. could suppress the build-up of oxidative stress by increasing serum superoxide dismutase, glutathion peroxidase, and reducing malonaldehyde concentration in hyperlipidemia rats. These findings provided scientific support for screening edible flowers as natural antioxidants and preventative treatments for oxidative stress-related diseases.

Inhibition of cytochrome P450 (CYP3A4) activity by extracts from 57 plants used in traditional chinese medicine (TCM)

Abstract: Background: Herbal medicine is widely used all over the world for treating various health disorders. It is employed either alone or in combination with synthetic drugs or plants to be more effective. Objective: The assessment of the effect of both water and methanol extracts of 57 widely used plants from Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) against the main phase I metabolizing enzyme CYP3A4 in vitro for the first time. Materials and Methods: The inhibition of cytochrome P450 activity was evaluated using a luminescence assay. The principal component analysis (PCA) was used to correlate the inhibitory activity with the main secondary metabolites present in the plant extracts. Molecular modeling studies on CYP3A4 (PDB ID 4NY4) were carried out with 38 major compounds present in the most active plant extracts to validate the observed inhibitory effect. Results: Aqueous extracts of Acacia catechu, Andrographis paniculata, Arctium lappa, Areca catechu, Bupleurum marginatum, Chrysanthemum indicum, Dysosma versipellis, and Spatholobus suberectus inhibited CYP3A4 is more than 85% (at a dose of 100 μg/mL). The corresponding methanol extracts of A. catechu, A. paniculata, A. catechu, Mahonia bealei, and Sanguisorba officinalis inhibited the enzyme by more than 50%. Molecular modeling studies revealed that two polyphenols, namely hesperidin and rutin, revealed the highest fitting scores in the active sites of the CYP3A4 with binding energies equal to -74.09 and -71.34 kcal/mol, respectively. Conclusion: These results provide evidence that many TCM plants can inhibit CYP3A4, which might cause a potential interference with the metabolism of other concomitantly administered herbs or drugs. Abbreviation used: CHARMm: Chemistry at HARvard Macromolecular Mechanics, CYP: Cytochrome P450, DMSO: Dimethyl Sulfoxide, PCA: Principal Component Analysis, PDB: Protein Data Bank, TCM: Traditional Chinese Medicine

Sesquiterpenoids with Various Carbocyclic Skeletons from the Flowers of Chrysanthemum indicum.

Abstract: A phytochemical investigation of the flowers of Chrysanthemum indicum yielded sesquiterpenoids 1–25 with various carbocyclic skeletons, including 10 new (1–10) and 15 known (11–25) analogues. The structures were elucidated via their physical data, while the absolute configuration of compounds 6, 8, and 10 was assessed via electronic circular dichroism analysis. The evaluation of the effect of sesquiterpenoids on porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) replication showed that compounds 1–5, 12, 14, 16, 17, 19, and 21 increased cell viability against cell death in PEDV-injected cells. Compounds 2, 12, and 17 were selected and investigated for their inhibition of proteins required for PEDV replication. Compounds 2 and 17 significantly reduced PEDV nucleocapsid and spike protein synthesis compared with azauridin as a positive control.

Supercritical-Carbon Dioxide Fluid Extract from Chrysanthemum indicum Enhances Anti-Tumor Effect and Reduces Toxicity of Bleomycin in Tumor-Bearing Mice

Abstract: Bleomycin (BLM), a family of anti-tumor drugs, was reported to exhibit severe side effects limiting its usage in clinical treatment. Therefore, finding adjuvants that enhance the anti-tumor effect and reduce the detrimental effect of BLM is a prerequisite. Chrysanthemum indicum, an edible flower, possesses abundant bioactivities; the supercritical-carbon dioxide fluid extract from flowers and buds of C. indicum (CISCFE) have strong anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and lung protective effects. However, the role of CISCFE combined with BLM treatment on tumor-bearing mice remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the potential synergistic effect and the underlying mechanism of CISCFE combined with BLM in the treatment of hepatoma 22 (H22) tumor-bearing mice. The results suggested that the oral administration of CISCFE combined with BLM could markedly prolong the life span, attenuate the BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis, suppress the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6), tumor necrosis factor-α, activities of myeloperoxidase, and malondiadehyde. Moreover, CISCFE combined with BLM promoted the ascites cell apoptosis, the activities of caspases 3 and 8, and up-regulated the protein expression of p53 and down-regulated the transforming growth factor-β1 by activating the gene expression of miR-29b. Taken together, these results indicated that CISCFE could enhance the anti-cancer activity of BLM and reduce the BLM-induced pulmonary injury in H22 tumor-bearing mice, rendering it as a potential adjuvant drug with chemotherapy after further investigation in the future.

Synergistic Uric Acid-Lowering Effects of the Combination of Chrysanthemum indicum Linne Flower and Cinnamomum cassia (L.) J. Persl Bark Extracts.

Abstract: Chrysanthemum indicum Linne flower (CF) and Cinnamomum cassia (L.) J. Persl bark (CB) extracts have served as the main ingredients in several prescriptions designed to treat hyperuricemia and gout in traditional Chinese and Korean medicine. However, little is known about the combination effects of a CF and CB (CC) mixture on hyperuricemia. In our study, we investigated the antihyperuricemic effects of CC mixture and the mechanisms underlying these effects in normal and potassium oxonate- (PO-) induced hyperuricemic rats. The CC mixture significantly decreased uric acid levels in normal and PO-induced hyperuricemic rats and showed the enhanced hypouricemic effect compared to CF or CB alone. Furthermore, the CC mixture increased renal uric acid excretion in PO-induced hyperuricemic rat. We found that CC mixture and its major components, chlorogenic acid, 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid (isochlorogenic acid), coumarin, cinnamaldehyde, trans-cinnamic acid, and o-methoxycinnamaldehyde, inhibit the activity of xanthine oxidase (XOD) in vitro. The CC mixture exerts antihyperuricemic effects accompanied partially by XOD activity inhibition. Therefore, the CC mixture may have potential as a treatment for hyperuricemia and gout.

The Protective Effect of Chrysanthemum indicum Extract against Ankylosing Spondylitis in Mouse Models.

Abstract: In traditional Chinese and Korean homeopathic medicine, Chrysanthemum indicum Linne (Asteraceae) is a time-honored herb, prescribed for the resolution of symptoms associated with inflammatory and hypertensive conditions as well as those affecting the lungs and its associated structures. The goal of this work is to investigate the defensive role of Chrysanthemum indicum extract in fighting ankylosing spondylitis (AS) using mouse models, through which the manifestation and extent of the disease progression were measured with quantitative analysis of the intervertebral joints. Markers of inflammation as well as oxidative stress were also analysed. Western blot was used to quantify the levels of Nuclear Factor-κB (NF-κB) p65, Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1), and sclerostin (SOST). Consequently, the findings of this experiment demonstrated that AS in mice that were given Chrysanthemum indicum extract had lower level of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 (P < 0.05) and increased level of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (P < 0.05). The results also revealed that Chrysanthemum indicum supplemented with diet contributed to a decrease in Nuclear Factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 protein expression (P < 0.05) and higher levels of DKK-1 and SOST proteins (P < 0.05). Therefore, we concluded that the beneficial role of Chrysanthemum indicum in AS is manifested through downregulating oxidative stress, inhibiting inflammatory mediators and NF-κB, and increasing DKK-1 and SOST levels.

Nutrient status and phytotoxicity analysis of goat manure discharged from farms in South Korea

Abstract: The present study evaluated the phytotoxicity effect of goat manure (GM) collected from six different regions in South Korea, namely, Chupungnyeong (T1), Hoengseong (T2), Goesan (T3), Sancheong (T4), Jangsu (T5) and Namwon (T6). Phytotoxicity was assessed by means of the analysis of germination index (GI), relative seed germination (RSG), relative root elongation (RRE) and vigor index (VI) using five commercial crop varieties, namely, sesame (Sesamum indicum L.), chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum indicum L.), carrot (Daucus carota), radish (Raphanus sativus) and cabbage (Brassica rapa). Physico-chemical parameter values were recorded at appreciable levels in all GM extracts. The effect of seedling growth was significantly different (p ≤ .05) due to the variability of nutrient content and phytotoxic effect of the extracts on the different crop seeds. Of the extracts, Goesan (T3) and Sancheong (T4) recorded the best results in the range of GI (%) (54.1–128.8) and VI (930.7–1044) and GI (%) (70.1–167.3) a...

Modeling of fixed-bed column studies for removal of cobalt ions from aqueous solution using Chrysanthemum indicum

Abstract: The present study investigates the adsorption capability of raw and biochar forms of Chrysanthemum indicum flowers biomass to remove cobalt ions from aqueous solution in a fixed-bed column. Column adsorption experiments were conducted by varying the bed height (1.0, 2.0, 3.0 cm), flow rate (1.0, 2.5, 5.0 mL min−1) and initial cobalt ion concentration (25, 50, 75 mg L−1) to obtain the experimental breakthrough curves. The adsorption capacity of the raw and biochar forms of C. indicum flowers were found to be 14.84 and 28.34 mg g−1, respectively, for an initial ion concentration of 50 mg L−1 at 1.0 cm bed height and 1.0 mL min−1 flow rate for Co (II) ion adsorption. Adam–Bohart, Thomas and Yoon–Nelson models were applied to the experimental column data to analyze the column performance. The Thomas model was found to best represent the column data with the predicted and experimental uptake capacity values correlating well and with higher R 2 values for all the varying process parameters. Desorption studies revealed the suitability of the adsorbents for repeated use up to four adsorption–desorption cycles without significant loss in its efficiency. It can thus be inferred from the fixed-bed column studies that C. indicum flowers can suitably be used as an effective adsorbent for Co (II) ion removal from aqueous solution on a higher scale.

The Impacts of Chrysanthemum indicum Extract on Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Responses in Adjuvant-Induced Arthritic Rats.

Abstract: Chrysanthemum indicum has been used as a therapeutic agent against inflammation, hypertension, and respiratory conditions for many years. This research’s aim has been to examine the antioxidant impacts that Chrysanthemum indicum extract (CIE) has on the oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in adjuvant-induced arthritic (AA) rats. 40 rats were categorised into 4 groups according to a completely randomized approach: Group I involved normal control rats (CTRL) that received a basal diet; Group II involved arthritic control rats (CTRL-AA) that received the same diet; Group III involved rats that received a basal diet and 30 mg/kg CIE; and Group IV involved arthritic rats with the same diet as Group III rats (CIE-AA). After injection with complete Freund’s adjuvant, body weight, arthritis score, and the serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) were assessed. The results demonstrated that CIE delayed the onset time of arthritis and decreased the clinical arthritis severity score ( ). Observations of CIE-AA and CTRL-AA rats demonstrated that CIE alleviates oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in CIE-AA group. In conclusion, CIE alleviated oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, thereby highlighting its potential use as a candidate for clinical treatments of rheumatoid arthritis.

Anti-atherosclerotic activity of ethanolic extract of chrysanthemum indicum l. flowers against high-fat diet-induced atherosclerosis in male wistar rats

Abstract: Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anti-atherosclerotic activity of ethanolic extract of Chrysanthemum indicum (EECI) flowers against high-fat diet induction in male Wistar rats Methods: The method used for induction of atherosclerosis was high-fat diet for 28 days Rats were divided into five groups (n=6) Group I served as normal Group II serves as high-fat diet-treated group Group III serves as standard treated with high-fat diet+atorvastatin (30 mg/kg, po) Group IV serves as low dose treated with high-fat diet+EECI (150 mg/kg, po) Group V serves as high dose treated with high-fat diet+EECI (300 mg/kg, po) The following parameters, glucose, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol (TC), very LDL (VLDL), triglycerides (TG), atherogenic index (AI), serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, total protein, food consumption, and body weight, were evaluated and histopathological studies were performed Results: The results showed that EECI at a dose of 150 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg exhibited significant decrease in glucose, TG, TC, LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL, VLDL, AI, and total protein levels when compared to high-fat diet group This investigation reveals that the extract-treated groups lower the serum TC and LDL-C levels significantly, which reduces the risk of coronary heart disease Conclusion: The experimental studies show that the EECI of both doses 150 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg, respectively, showed significant reduction in lipid profile, glucose, and total protein From the study, the plant extract showed anti-atherosclerotic activity and thus authenticates its ethnomedicinal use

Fish feed added with traditional Chinese medicines and processing method thereof

Abstract: The invention discloses a fish feed added with traditional Chinese medicines and a processing method thereof The fish feed is prepared from the following raw materials by weight percent: 30-40% of sesame oil residues, 20-30% of soybean oil residues, 10-15% of wheat bran, 1-15% of leonurus, 5-10% of barley malt, 05-08% of salt, 6-8% of corn gluten meal, 01-02% of mineral mixture, 8-10% of fish meal, 1-2% of yeast powder, 02-03% of isatis roots and 01-02% of chrysanthemum indicum According to the fish feed added with traditional Chinese medicines and the processing method thereof provided by the invention, the leonurus, isatis roots and chrysanthemum indicum are added, so that the feed is endowed with the properties of the traditional Chinese medicines and has the functions of clearing away heat and toxic materials and eliminating inflammation; the yeast powder is added, so that the feed can be fermented; the protein can be decomposed into micro-molecular bioactive peptides and oligopeptides which can be more easily digested and absorbed by animals; cellulose and pectin are degraded into monosaccharides and oligosaccharides; and various digestive enzymes, amino acids and vitamins generated by metabolism are more beneficial to the feed in use

Pure natural oral care solution

Abstract: The invention relates to a pure natural oral care solution The pure natural oral care solution contains propolis, scutellaria baicalensis, green tea, liquorice, gallnut, mint, dandelion, chrysanthemum indicum and a honeysuckle extract The pure natural oral care solution is a pure traditional Chinese medicine preparation, comprises no bacteriostatic agent, has no toxic and side effects, has no stimulation, is stable in performance and safe and reliable, and is a good item for daily oral care

Antioxidant Activity and Inhibition Activity against α-Glucosidase and PTP1B of Chrysanthemum indicum L. Extract and Fractions

Abstract: In this study, we evaluated the polyphenol content, flavonoid content, antioxidant and biological of 70% EtOH extract and its fractions (dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and water) of the plant Chrysanthemum indicum L (CI) belonging to family chrysanthemum antioxidant activity was determined 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2’-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), and superoxide scavenging activity The biological activity tests included measurement of α-glucosidase and PTP1B The results show that content of polyphenol and flavonoid in 70% EtOH of CI 3020 mg and 3158 mg, respectively Among the different samples, ethyl acetate (EA) fraction showed the highest level of polyphenol (8787 mg) and flavonoid (6512 mg) The DPPH, ABTS and superoxide dismutase(SOD) antioxidant assay of EA fraction showed 9384%, 9338% and 8468% inhibition respectively The EA fraction also showed the highest antioxidant activity compared to 70% EtOH extract and other fractions EA fraction (20 μg/mL) showed the highest 3029% and 9924%, respectively compared to other samples The results of this study show that the EA fraction contained more antioxidant and antidiabetic components than 70% EtOH extract and other fractions In conclusion, we believe that CI may be useful natural antioxidant and functional material

Tea-tree and chrysanthemum-indicum inter-cropping cultivation method

Abstract: The invention provides a tea-tree and chrysanthemum-indicum inter-cropping cultivation method, and relates to the field of plant cultivation. The method includes the steps of soil preparing, ridged field making, hole digging, transplanting, filling and watering. The tea-tree and chrysanthemum-indicum inter-cropping cultivation method solves the problem that when chrysanthemum indicum or tea trees are planted, the utilization rate of land is low; meanwhile, the tea trees can shade chrysanthemum indicum from sunshine, and moderate day lighting of chrysanthemum indicum is ensured; at the same time, inter cropping of the teas trees and chrysanthemum indicum can not only maintain the situation that water and soil loss of sandy soil does not easily occur and effectively prevent drought but also improve ecological environment of chrysanthemum indicum growth; mycelia of chrysanthemum indicum and mycelia of the tea trees are mutually influenced, diseases and pests can be effectively prevented and treated, the yield of chrysanthemum indicum and the yield of tea leaves are increased, and the soil becomes fertile.

Composition for preventing improving or treating obesity comprising extracts of Chrysanthemum indicum Linne flower as effective component

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for preventing, alleviating or treating obesity comprising extracts of Chrysanthemum indicum flower as effective components, and specifically, to a pharmaceutical composition and a functional food composition for preventing and alleviating obesity for preventing and treating obesity comprising extracts obtained by adding water to pulverized materials of the Chrysanthemum indicum flower and heating and extracting the pulverized materials of the Chrysanthemum indicum flower as effective components. The composition of the present invention has an antioxidative effect and an effect of inhibiting fat accumulation in a process of differentiation of preadipocyte into adipocyte, and thus obesity can be effectively prevented, improved or treated.

Chrysanthemum indicum polysaccharide-containing foliar fertilizer composition and application thereof

Abstract: The invention discloses a chrysanthemum indicum polysaccharide-containing foliar fertilizer composition. The chrysanthemum indicum polysaccharide-containing foliar fertilizer composition is characterized by comprising chrysanthemum indicum polysaccharide capable of promoting plant growth, a chrysanthemum indicum extract and a trace element, wherein chrysanthemum indicum polysaccharide is a carbohydrate extracted from plant chrysanthemum indicum and is a copolymer of rhamnose, arabinose, xylose, mannose, glucose, galactose and fructose, and the content thereof reaches 99%; the trace element comprises at least one of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, boron, iron, manganese, copper, zinc and molybdenum; the chrysanthemum indicum extract is a water extract or an ethanol extract extracted from the chrysanthemum indicum; the chrysanthemum indicum polysaccharide accounts for 1-10% of the total weight of the chrysanthemum indicum polysaccharide-containing foliar fertilizer composition; the chrysanthemum indicum or chrysanthemum indicum stem and leaf extract accounts for 0-50% of the total weight of the chrysanthemum indicum polysaccharide-containing foliar fertilizer composition; a trace element foliar fertilizer accounts for 5-50% of the total weight of the chrysanthemum indicum polysaccharide-containing foliar fertilizer composition, and the trace element comprises at least one of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, boron, iron, manganese, copper, zinc and molybdenum. The chrysanthemum indicum polysaccharide-containing foliar fertilizer composition is applied to Chinese herbs and cash crops, especially root-tuber crops, and can not only increase the yield, but also reduce diseases and pests.

Composition for suppression of congestion in mother's breast

Abstract: The present invention relates to a beauty care composition, comprising: a base composition including alginate, diatomite, glucose, calcium sulfate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate and magnesium oxide; and a herbal medicine composition including Eriobotrya japonica Lindley leaves, Taraxacum platycarpum, Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Lycium chinense Miller berries, Leonurus japonicus Houttuyn, Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fischer, Angelica gigas Nakai, persimmon leaves, Chrysanthemum indicum Linn, and Malva verticillata Linne seed.

Composition comprising extract from liriope platyphylla and natural extract

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition comprising at least one natural extract, as an active ingredient, selected from a group consisting of: a Liriope muscari extract; Platycladus orientalis; Vitex trifolia; Cyperus rotundus; Chrysanthemum indicum; Morus alba; Ligusticum striatum; Angelica dahurica; Asiasarum heterotropoides; Thuja orientalis; Eclipta prostrata; Zingiber officinale; and Panax ginseng The present invention provides the composition having excellent effects of hair loss and scalp improvement, and having excellent anti-dandruff, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anti-sebum effects

Anti-gout composition containing mixed extract of chrysanthemum indicum and cinnamomum cassia as active ingredient

Abstract: The present invention relates to an anti-gout composition containing a mixture extract of Chrysanthemum indicum and Cinnamomum cassia as an active ingredient. It was verified that the xanthine oxidase inhibitory effect of the mixture extract of Chrysanthemum indicum and Cinnamomum cassia of the present invention was remarkable compared with the treatment with Chrysanthemum indicum and Cinnamomum cassia alone, and it was verified that the amount of uric acid in the urine was reduced by the administration with the mixture extract of Chrysanthemum indicum and Cinnamomum cassia of the present invention in an animal model. In addition, the mixture extract of Chrysanthemum indicum and Cinnamomum cassia of the present invention can be widely utilized in a gout-related industry since the mixture extract is an active ingredient derived from natural materials and thus the mixture extract is safe and the raw materials therefor are relatively easily supplied.

Chrysanthemum indicum extract for treatment of high blood pressure

Abstract: The invention discloses a chrysanthemum indicum extract for treatment of high blood pressure. The preparation method of the extract comprises: (a) employing a 60% ethanol solution to conduct heat reflux extraction on dried chrysanthemum indicum, combining the extracted liquid, and performing concentration to no alcohol taste, thus obtaining an ethanol extraction concentrated liquid; (b) diluting the ethanol extraction concentrated liquid obtained by step (a) with water, conducting extraction with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and water saturated n-butanol in order, and carrying out pressure reduced concentration to obtain a petroleum ether extract, an ethyl acetate extract and a n-butanol extract respectively; (c) dissolving the n-butanol extract in water, performing filtering, using macroporous resin to enrich active ingredients, firstly using 8% ethanol to flush 12 column volumes to remove large polar components, then using 70% ethanol to elute 10 column volumes, collecting 70% eluent, and conducting pressure reduced concentration, thus obtaining the chrysanthemum indicum extract. The extract can reduce the blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats, and can be developed into drugs for treatment of high blood pressure.

Medicine for treating rhinitis and preparation method thereof

Abstract: The invention discloses a medicine for treating rhinitis and a preparation method thereof. The medicine is prepared from, by weight, 18-20 parts of luffa stems, 18-20 parts of Yunnan michelia flowers, 8-10 parts of asarum, 8-10 parts of chrysanthemum indicum, 8-10 parts of rhizoma bolbostemmae, 6-8 parts of hispid arthraxon, 6-8 parts of weissia controversa, 6-8 parts of aloe and 5-7 parts of ashycoloured ironweed herb. The preparation method of the medicine includes the steps that 1, the crude drugs are screened, cleaned, dried and smashed to pass through a sieve of 120-200 mesh; 2, samples are taken according to the weight ratio, the samples are mixed to be uniform, and the medicine is obtained. The medicine can be used for treating allergic rhinitis and nasosinusitis. The preparation method of the medicine is simple, cost is low, effect taking is rapid, the treatment effect is good, and fewer side effects are generated. According to clinical use of 200 cases, the total effective rate is 85%.

Pre-clinical evaluation of lowering atherosclerosis risk factors in hypercholesterolemic rats and the immunomodulating action of ganoderma lucidum and chrysanthemum indicum linn

Abstract: This research aimed to address cardiovascular disease, specifically atherosclerosis, by using Ganoderma lucidum and Chrysanthemum indicum, and evaluate their immunomodulating action. Beta-glucans from G. lucidum and extract from flowers of C. indicum were used. Toxicological analysis was done. Biochemical factors in Rattus albus like serum total cholesterol, triacylglycerol (TAG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were assayed. The rats were fed on high fat diet and induced with cholesterol, then treated with the different treatments. Immunomodulation was evaluated by measuring the immunoglobulins A, G and M on Escherichia coli- infected rats before and after treatment. For proliferation of lymphocytes, whole blood was collected on carrageenan inflammation-induced rats before and after treatment and determined through flow cytometry. Results show a decrease in the TAG (t=1.329,sig. 0.211), TC (t=4.956, sig. <0.0001), HDL-C (t= 0.486, sig. 0.636) and LDL-C (t=0.819, sig. 0.429) after treatment with the extracts but only the decrease in total cholesterol (TC) was significant at α 0.05. Paired t-test show a significant decrease in IgM (t= 2.969, sig. 0.013) and IgG (t= 3.865, sig. 0.003) while no significant decrease in IgA (t=1.683, sig 0.130). Comparison of the treatments using ANOVA showed significant differences between treatments in IgA (F(3,8) =8.458 , p = 0.007.) and IgG (F(3,8) =174.115, sig. <0.0001) but not significant in IgM (F(3,8) = 3.998 , p =.148). There was also significant increase in the number of lymphocytes on R. albus (t=2.659, sig. 0.019) but ANCOVA showed no significant differences in the different treatments (F=0.805, sig. 0.530) suggesting that all treatments were comparable in their effects in proliferating lymphocytes. It can be concluded that G. lucidum beta glucans and C. indicum flower extracts are safe and effective either as single dose or in combination in lowering atherosclerosis risk factors and in immunomodulation. Article DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.20319/mijst.2017.32.381401 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-commercial 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, PO Box 1866, Mountain View, CA 94042, USA.

New chrysanthemum indicum uses for promoting synthesis of atractylenolide component in atractylodes macrocephala koidz polysaccharide

Abstract: The present invention discloses new chrysanthemum indicum uses for promoting the atractylodes macrocephala koidz growth stage and increasing the atractylenolide content accumulation. According to the present invention, the atractylodes macrocephala koidz polysaccharide can be prepared into the plant inducer so as to promote the metabolism accumulation of the atractylenolide component in the atractylodes macrocephala koidz plant, improve the efficacy component of the atractylodes macrocephala koidz, and increase the quality of the atractylodes macrocephala koidz; and the inducer is added with the commonly-used pharmaceutical excipient in the auxiliary manner so as to prepare the dosage forms such as an aqueous agent, powder, and the like.