Showing papers on "Feed horn published in 2013"

Horn antenna device and step-shaped signal feed-in apparatus thereof

Abstract: The present invention relates to a horn antenna device. The horn antenna device has a step-shaped signal feed-in apparatus and a conical horn antenna. The step-shaped signal feed-in apparatus has a stepped body having multiple stairs and a connecting pin. The stepped body is adapted to radiate electromagnetic waves and receive a reflection of the electromagnetic waves. According to the structure of the step-shaped signal feed-in apparatus of the invention, the resonating modes are easy to be determined. The directivity and the signal-to-noise rate are improved. In addition, the connecting pin is directly connected to the stairs for improving the signal stability of the horn antenna device.

Antenna device and method for attaching the same

Abstract: An antenna device includes: a radio device for radio wave transmission; a primary radiator that has a function to radiates radio waves generated by the radio device; a parabolic reflector that reflects the radio waves radiated from the primary radiator; a shroud that shields against unnecessary radiation radio waves among the radio waves radiated from the primary radiator and reflected by the parabolic reflector; and an antenna mounting mechanism that fits the parabolic reflector to an antenna attachment pole. The shroud is arranged so as to cover at least a right and left of the parabolic reflector, the radio device and the primary radiator are arranged inside the shroud, and the antenna mounting mechanism fits the parabolic reflector to the antenna attachment pole so that the antenna attachment pole is located at a lateral center position of the parabolic reflector.

Rotational parabolic antenna with various feed configurations

Abstract: A rotational antenna includes a stationary feed which is disposed in a substantially vertical orientation. A parabolic dish is rotationally mounted about the stationary feed in a state of being tipped with respect to the stationary, substantially vertically oriented feed. The rotational parabolic antenna may alternatively be provided with a rotating radio frequency (RF) and acoustic feed. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Dual-band feed horn with common beam widths

Abstract: A dual-band feed horn having a connection surface configured for connection to a waveguide and a first surface coupled to the connection surface. The first surface has a cylindrical surface with a length and a first diameter chosen to propagate TE11 modes for both a low frequency band and a high frequency band. The horn has a bandwidth ratio of the high-frequency band to the low frequency band in the range of 1.6-4.0. The horn also has a substantially conical surface coupled to the first surface at a first slope discontinuity. The conical surface includes multiple surfaces each having a respective slope and coupled to adjacent surfaces by a respective plurality of slope discontinuities each having a respective diameter. The slopes and diameters are chosen to generate primarily TM1,m modes (m=1, 2, 3, etc.) in the high-frequency band and primarily higher order TE1,n modes (n=2, 3, etc.) in the low-frequency band such that the low frequency band and the high frequency band have approximately equal beam widths.

Circular Quadruple-Ridged Flared Horn Achieving Near-Constant Beamwidth Over Multioctave Bandwidth: Design and Measurements

Abstract: A circular quadruple-ridged flared horn achieving almost-constant beamwidth over 6:1 bandwidth is presented. This horn is the first demonstration of a wideband feed for radio telescopes which is capable of accommodating different reflector antenna optics, maintains almost constant gain and has excellent match. Measurements of stand-alone horn performance reveal excellent return loss performance as well as stable radiation patterns over 6:1 frequency range. Physical optics calculations predict an average of 69% aperture efficiency and 13 K antenna noise temperature with the horn installed on a radio telescope.

A Combined Bandpass Filter and Polarization Transformer for Horn Antennas

Abstract: Recently, our group has proposed a self-filtering linearly polarized horn antenna that can be used to reduce the noise captured by regular horn feeds. However, the approach used in that design is inherently limited to linear polarization, while possible interesting applications are likely in satellite receiving systems, which are typically based on circularly polarized signals. In this letter, we propose a new approach to obtain a filtering horn antenna working in circular polarization. The proposed solution is based on the design of a linear-to-circular polarization transformer that consists of a complementary electrically small resonator etched on a metallic screen. We first show that this component is able to transform the linear polarization of a regular rectangular waveguide working on the fundamental mode into a circular one. Then, integrating this polarization transformer in a conical horn, we show how it is possible to obtain a circularly polarized filtering horn antenna. The numerical simulations and the measurements performed on a prototype prove that the proposed structure can be effectively used to design a bandpass filtering horn antenna for circularly polarized signals.

The Circular Eleven Antenna: A New Decade-Bandwidth Feed for Reflector Antennas With High Aperture Efficiency

Abstract: Future ultra-wideband (UWB) radio telescopes require UWB feeds for reflector antennas, and many new UWB feed technologies have gained substantial progress to satisfy the tough specifications for future radio telescope projects, such as the square kilometer array (SKA). It has been noticed that, different from traditional narrow-band horn feeds, all UWB feeds are non-BOR (Body of Revolution) antennas. Therefore, BOR1 efficiency becomes an important characterization for the modern UWB feed technologies. We present a novel circular Eleven feed, constructed of “circularly” curved folded dipoles printed on flat circuit boards, in order to have high BOR1 efficiency at a low manufacture cost. The Genetic Algorithm (GA) optimization scheme has been applied to the design for achieving a low reflection coefficient. Simulated and measured results show that the circular Eleven feed has a reflection coefficient below -6 dB over 1.6-14 GHz and below -10 dB over 78% of the band, and an aperture efficiency higher than 60% over 1-10 GHz and 50% up to 14 GHz.

Design of a Broadband Cosecant Squared Pattern Reflector Antenna Using IWO Algorithm

Abstract: A cosecant squared pattern reflector antenna fed by a pyramidal double-ridged horn for 2-18 GHz is presented. Invasive weed optimization (IWO) algorithm is used for synthesizing the point source doubly curved reflector antenna. IWO method makes antenna synthesis flexible to achieve extra desired features such as low side lobe level (SLL) and low ripples in the shaped beam region. The simulation results via FEKO software package further prove the validity and versatility of this technique for solving reflector synthesis problems. In addition, experimental investigations are conducted to understand the complete reflector antenna system behaviors. Good agreement between the simulation and measurement has been achieved. The ripple in the cosecant squared region and the SLL is less than 1.5 dB and 25 dB, respectively. Based on the obtained results, the proposed reflector antenna can be used in broadband surveillance-search radar systems.

Demonstration of an Octave-Bandwidth Negligible-Loss Metamaterial Horn Antenna for Satellite Applications

Abstract: This paper reports on the detailed design and experimental demonstration of a metamaterial-enabled low-sidelobe horn antenna (metahorn) based on principles similar to those of earlier soft horn antennas. The target application is a linearly polarized feed horn in the super-extended C-band (3.4-6.725 GHz) for communication satellite reflector antennas. The paper describes the detailed design and manufacturing of the -plane metamaterial liner (metaliner) based on a freestanding wire grid without the need for a dielectric substrate material. The measured copolarized and cross-polarized antenna patterns from the feed horn demonstrate over an octave pattern bandwidth with negligible loss. The results show similar bandwidth with lower sidelobes and backlobes than those of the trifurcated horn that is currently used as the standard C-band feed for single linear polarization. This demonstration shows promise for lightweight metamaterial horns to replace heavy and expensive C-band corrugated horns.

Design and simulation of double ridged horn antenna operating for UWB applications

Abstract: In this paper, the design and simulation of a modified double-ridged antenna is presented (demonstrated). The radiation phenomenon is based on the wave impedance transition from transmission waveguide line to the impedance of free space through ridges. This paper describes the design of an ultrawideband Double Ridged Horn antenna with VSWR less than 2, operating at 5.3GHz to 6.3GHz, 11.02GHz to 11.8GHz, 16.5GHz to 18GHz, 22.8GHz to 23.7GHz and 28GHz to 29.14GHz frequency ranges which are proved to be more suitable as a feed element in reflectors of the RADAR systems and EMC applications. A new coaxial line to double-ridged waveguide transition and a new technique for tapering the flared section of the horn are introduced to improve the return loss and the impedance matching. The ridges are used to lower the cut-off frequency, hence increasing the antenna's bandwidth. An Antenna having coax feed transmission line for radio frequency signal, provides protection of the signal from external electromagnetic interference. To boost the return loss, an external part called “back cavity” is attached to the waveguide. Results of simulation and the performance of a double ridged pyramidal horn antenna in terms of low VSWR (less than 2), high gain, ultra-wide operation frequency bandwidth operating at 5.3GHz to 6.3GHz, 11.02GHz to 11.8GHz, 16.5GHz to 18GHz, 22.8GHz to 23.7GHz and 28GHz to 29.14GHz are provided. The tool used for designing purpose was Ansoft HFSS version 12.0.

Experimental Demonstration of Reflectarrays Acting as Conic Section Subreflectors in a Dual Reflector System

Abstract: This paper experimentally demonstrates the use of a microstrip reflectarray as a low-profile planar substitute to a conic section subreflector (hyperboloidal type) in a symmetric dual reflector system at Ku-band. At first, a brief discussion on the simulation and measurement techniques utilized in the paper is provided. A nominal dual reflector Cassegrain system is synthesized through simulations where a feed horn is used to illuminate the hyperboloidal subreflector. Next, a flat metallic subreflector is placed at the subreflector location. This is a critical task as it shows the importance of phase compensation. Due to the flat subreflector, the feed is defocused from the image of the focus and creates phase aberration, leading to beam bifurcation, pattern degradation, and performance deterioration of the dual reflector system. A planar microstrip patch-type subreflectarray is then designed to mimic a hyperboloidal subreflector. Ray tracing is applied to the subreflector-feed system to calculate the phase needed to compensate for the axial defocusing of the feed. A prototype subreflectarray based on the ray-optics approach is fabricated. Radiation pattern measurements and back-projection holographic diagnostics demonstrate that the subreflectarray acts as a hyperboloidal subreflector and restores the antenna performance with a well-defined main beam and low side lobes.

Design and optimization of tri-band coaxial feed horn for the radio telescope antenna

Abstract: An exact full-wave model for simulation and optimization of the multi band horns with axial corrugation is described. The main steps at the design (S/X/Ka) horn for the given specification of supposed reflector are presented.

B2. Single Feed Dual-Polarization Dual-Band Transmitarray for Satellite Applications

Abstract: In this paper, two transmitarrays are designed, analyzed, and simulated for satellite applications The first transmitarray is designed for dual linear polarization at a center frequency of 12 GHz The second transmitarray is designed for two frequency bands: 1715 GHz to 179 GHz for vertical polarization and 115 GHz to 124 GHz for horizontal polarization The dual polarization is obtained by an independent adjustment of the dimensions of two orthogonal slots in the transmitarray unit cel\ The design is carried out independently for each polarization The transmitarray unit cell uses two dielectric substrate layers arranged to be one on each side of a conducting plane On each substrate, one face has metallization containing the patches, and the other face has metallization containing the ground plane The two patches are coupled by two cross slots of lengths Lv and LH in the ground plane and each patch is loaded with two cross slots of lengths Lv/2 and LH/2 The unit cell achieves 360° of phase agility with less than 38 dB of variation in the transmission magnitude in the tuning range The transmitarray consisted of 17x17 elements with the unit cell size were set at 13 mm A circular feed horn is located on the central normal to the transmitarray and the configuration looks like a lens antenna Two separate feeding pins are used to excite the horn antenna for horizontal and vertical polarizations The results are worked out using two basically different numerical techniques, the finite element method, FEM, and the finite integration technique, FIT Good agreement was obtained

Design of a parabolic reflector antenna with a compact splash-plate feed

Abstract: A parabolic reflector antenna with a compact splash-plate feed is designed and optimized in this paper. A dielectric connection portion is used to combine the waveguide and splash-plate sub-reflector. The use of dielectric material not only can achieve low blockage as no struts are needed to support the feed, but also can adjust the impedance of the antenna. The designed antenna is able to achieve a low VSWR <; 1.17 within the frequency range of 21.2 GHz-23 GHz. In addition, some chokes are added on the back of the splash-plate to suppress the radiation of the undesired directions. A corrugated fence is added along the edge of parabolic reflector to achieve better performance, in which the front to back ratio is significantly improved. The gain of the designed parabolic reflector antenna is 40.1-41.06 dBi within 21.2 GHz-23 GHz. Moreover, by using the designed splash-plate feed, simulation results show that the radiation efficiency of the parabolic reflector antenna is about 57.7%-62.5% within the operation bandwidth.

Restoring the radiating performances of shortened horn antennas over a broad frequency range

Abstract: We propose a flat metamaterial-based lens to be applied to the aperture of a shortened horn antenna in order to achieve gain performances similar to the ones of the corresponding optimum horn over a broad frequency range. In order to achieve an uniform phase distribution at the horn aperture and maximizing, thus, the gain, the central part of the lens consists of a conventional epsilon-positive material and the part closest to the metallic edges of the horn consists of an epsilon-near-zero material, i.e. a wire-medium. Due to the different phase delay of the field at the edges of the aperture on the E- and H-plane, two different wire-mediums are properly designed in order to compensate the phase delay on both planes and achieve the highest possible gain enhancement . As an example, we report the design of the proposed lens for a C-band pyramidal horn. The length of the horn is half the length of the optimum horn, while the obtained gain performances are similar to the ones of the optimal horn over the entire mono-modal frequency band of operation of the feeding waveguide. This result may open the door to several interesting applications in satellite and radar systems.

Theory and design of reflectors

Abstract: Numerical Methods for Reflector Antennas Classical Reflector Antennas Reflector Antennas for Adaptive Apertures Reflector Shaping Techniques Bifocal Dual Reflector Antennas Advanced Reflector Antennas Reflectarray Antennas

Ground terminal antenna for Ka-band satellite communications

Abstract: This paper presents a new low-cost antenna intended for moving platforms like planes, high-speed trains or buses, allowing communications with Ka-band satellites Beam scanning capability covers the range from 0° to 65° in elevation and 360° in azimuth The antenna structure is composed by a horn with a 45° slant aperture and a shaped dielectric lens that tilts and rotates in front of the horn to direct the beam, providing simple mechanical steering Scan loss in the elevation plane is of the order of 3 dB

Parabolic cylindrical reflector antenna at 60 GHz with line feed in gap waveguide technology

Abstract: A parabolic cylindrical reflector antenna is proposed in this paper for wireless multi-gigabit communications at 60 GHz. The line feed is realized by a power distribution in parallel plate waveguide (PPW). Inside the PPW waveguide there are metal pin rows forming the contours of an H-plane horn structure in front of a parabolic reflector, where we see possible mechanical advantages in not requiring metal contact of the pins to more than one metal plate. They will still work as a total reflecting wall by making use of the same stopband features as in gap waveguide technology. The result is a low loss, low cost and very versatile 60 GHz antenna with high gain. The electrical design for maximum aperture efficiency and minimum loss is explained.

Some reflector and feed antenna inventions that made a difference: Fundamentals and examples from radio telescopes, satellite communications and radio links

Abstract: The paper will review some inventions within reflector antennas and feeds that represented a large step forward when they were introduced, in terms of both performance and industrial or scientific usefulness. The fundamental design principles as well as the actual solutions will be overviewed in a simple manner. The overview covers dipole-disk with ring for ship Earth stations, corrugated horns, hat-fed antennas for radio links, and wideband log-periodic “eleven” feed for SKA and VLBI 2010 radio telescopes. The inventions can in all cases be associated with simple fundamental EM principles, and an improvement of a fundamental subefficiency.

Flexible wireless energy transfer systems by carbon fiber as a dielectric material: Study and experiments

Abstract: This paper presents the use of commercially available carbon fiber as a part of the transmitter and the receiver antenna for wireless energy transfer. The configuration of the antenna presented in this paper shows an optimum performance of -2.129 dB at 9.7 MHz operating frequency; distance between transmitter and receiver being 3 millimeters. Carbon fiber forms the bulk of the commercial vehicles, which can be put to effective use as a dielectric material for the flexible sheet like waveguides. Other applications could simply be smart windows, where power could be wirelessly transmitted from a solar cell and smart suits.

TEM horn antenna for high energy pulse emission

Abstract: In the paper a TEM horn antennna for 0.1 to 1 GHz band design is described. The antenna is appointed to emmitt subnanosecond high energy pulses of a high power short pulse generator, designed for testing of electronic devices resistance to high power electromagnetic pulse. The TEM horn uses tapered plates and their form was optimized using modelling and simulations in the CST Microwave Studio program. The designed horn parameters and antenna patterns are presented and discussed.

Antenna for satellite communication having structure for switching multiple band signals

Abstract: The present invention discloses an antenna for satellite communication having a structure for switching multiband signals. The antenna for satellite communication according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a main reflecting plate configured to be rotatable in a predetermined direction so as to be oriented in a direction in which a satellite is located, a first feed horn configured to be detachably installed in a region of an edge of the main reflecting plate, a sub-reflecting plate configured to be installed so as to be spaced apart from a reflecting surface of the main reflecting plate by a predetermined distance by at least one support means provided in a region of the main reflecting plate, and a second feed horn configured to be detachably installed on a side opposite to the reflecting surface of the sub-reflecting plate, wherein an installation position of the sub-reflecting plate is changeable.

Design and implementation of a Ka-band corrugated feed horn for reflector antennas

Abstract: This paper presents the relationship between Gaussian beam and reflector antennas and deals with the most important conical corrugated feed horn design parameters for reflector antennas. Furthermore, a compact, easily to manufacture and easily to frequency-scale conical corrugated horn with more than 40% relative bandwidth is proposed. The hybrid-mode (HE11) conical corrugated feed horn operating from 26.5 to 40GHz has been designed, fabricated and measured.

Chip on Board 3–10-GHz Impulse Radio Ultra Wideband Transmitter With Optimized Die to Antenna Wire Bond Transition

Abstract: In this paper, a low power and low cost ultra wideband impulse radio transmitter is presented. The transmitter includes a pulse generator integrated in a 0.13- $\mu{\rm m}$ standard CMOS technology and an antenna printed on the chip carrier. The board is manufactured with Roger 4003 laminate substrate and has a total area of 50 mm $\times\,$ 18 mm. The transmitter provides 1.4 V peak to peak Federal Communications Commission compliant pulses at antenna input for data rates up to 36 Mb/s in an on–off keying modulation scheme. The transmitter's power consumption is 12 mW at 1.2-GHz pulse repetition frequency and the energy consumption is 10 pJ per pulse. A 365-mV peak voltage emitted pulse is measured in an anechoic room at 0.8 m range with a receiver, including a horn antenna (8.3 dBi), a LNA (32 dB), and a 12-GHz real time oscilloscope.

The quadruple-ridged flared horn: A flexible, multi-octave reflector feed spanning f/0,3 to f/2.5

Abstract: In this paper, we present four quadruple-ridged flared horn designs achieving 6-1 frequency bandwidth with good match and near-constant beamwidth in E- and D-planes. Nominal 10 dB beamwidths of the designs range from 32 to 115 degrees. Such design flexibility makes the quad-ridge horn a very attractive reflector antenna feed candidate, especially for next generation radio telescopes.

High efficiency phased array feed antennas for large radio telescopes and small satellite communications terminals

Abstract: Aperture-type phased array antennas offer the capability to steer beams electronically, but cost far more per unit collecting area than a shaped metal dish. A compromise between these extremes can be achieved by using reflector antennas with phased array feeds. A key research issue for array feeds is that phased array feeds are typically less efficient than traditional horn fed reflector antennas. If the efficiency and noise performance of a phased array feed is suboptimal, the performance gain of electronic beam steering is outweighed by the degradation in signal to noise ratio relative to a traditional horn feed. This paper reports on recent work aimed at realizing ultrahigh efficiency phased array feeds for two applications with the most demanding possible efficiency requirements: astronomical imaging and satellite communications.

Electric scanning plane-reflective array antenna based on frequency control

Abstract: The utility model discloses an electric scanning plane-reflective array antenna based on frequency control, and aims at solving the problem that phase shifters of present phased array antennae are high in cost. The array antenna comprises a microstrip patch array, a rectangular aperture feed horn and a supporting structure; wherein the microstrip patch array can achieve wave beam scanning through constant wave source irradiation when frequency is continuously transformed. An array element of the patch array comprises two circular rings with openings and an I-shaped dipole, and parameters used for adjusting phase distribution comprise the widths of the openings of the two circular rings and the width of the I-shaped dipole. The biggest innovation of the electric scanning plane-reflective array antenna is that the problem that a traditional electric scanning array needs a complex feed network and an expensive transmit-receive module is overcome; and the wave beam scanning of the array is achieved through controlling the change of the frequency, and the cost and the complexity of array antennae are greatly reduced.

Analysis of Blockage Effects in a Center‐Fed Reflectarray

Abstract: Three quick methods that account for the blockage effects in a center-fed reflectarray antenna design are presented. The first method simply adds the radiation pattern of the reflectarray on the passive feed horn antenna. For the second approach, the blockage is incorporated more accurately by introducing shadows on the reflectarray surface according to the location of the obstacles. The third approach places a physical metal sheet at the blocking obstacle on the main reflectarray surface. The radiation pattern of the complete antenna structure is also calculated using a full-wave solver that also serves as a reference for accuracy comparison. To further validate the results, prototype reflectarray antennas based on two types of radiation elements are fabricated and the measured patterns are compared with predictions. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:1921–1926, 2013

Low sidelobe compact reflector antenna using backfire primary radiator for Ku-band mobile satellite communication system on board vessel

Abstract: We developed low side lobe compact reflector antennas of aperture diameter of 60cm and 120cm They are corresponding to 30 and 60 wavelength These antennas are axial symmetry antennas using a backfire primary radiator They are used in Ku-band mobile satellite communication The requirements of antennas are low side lobes and low cross polarization The antennas have satisfied ITU-R recommendation S580-6 This paper introduces the structures and the radiation patterns of the antennas

Radio communication system, transmitter, receiver, elevator control system, and substation facility monitoring system

Abstract: The radio communication system includes a radio transmitter which performs up-sampling on an information signal, and performs modulation on a carrier wave using the sampled information signal to transmit the modulated carrier wave, and a radio receiver which receives transmission waves transmitted from the radio transmitter, and demodulates the information signal. The radio transmitter includes a transmission processing unit that generates the transmission waves, and a transmission unit that rotates polarized waves of the transmission waves with a predetermined rotation frequency, and wirelessly transmits the transmission waves, and the transmission processing unit copies the sampled information signal, multiplies the copied information signals by predetermined weighting factors, and generates the transmission waves by assigning the information signals on a time axis such that the copied information signals are respectively transmitted with different polarization angles.