Showing papers on "Lepton published in 1975"
TL;DR: In this article, the Higgs mechanism was extended in a supergauge invariant way, and spontaneous symmetry breaking occurred for all allowed values of the parameters of the scalar potential.
818 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a theoretical study of M+ and E+ heavy lepton production in inclusive neutrino reactions is made and the production cross sections on protons are found to be enhanced over those for isoscalar targets and can in principle exceed the cross sections for the ordinary vμ+p→μ−+X process at high energies.
89 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a new method of calculating the lepton anomalous magnetic moment, combining the features of the dispersive and the mass operator approach, was introduced, and applied to the study of the contributions to the electron and muon anomalies coming from QED vertex graphs containing vacuum polarization insertions.
66 citations
CERN1
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that initial and final state interactions do not contribute to the leading asymptotic behaviour of the single particle inclusive cross section for the production of a large p T lepton or hadron in hadron-hadron collisions.
57 citations
50 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the observed properties of dimuon events are shown not to agree with the hypotheses that the intermediate particles are heavy leptons or semi-weak vector bosons.
Abstract: Neutrino-induced dimuon events probably involve the production and subsequent decay of one or more real, intermediate particles. The observed properties of dimuon events are shown not to agree with the hypotheses that the intermediate particles are heavy leptons or semiweak vector bosons. This strongly suggests production of new hadrons as the leading explanation of dimuon events. Such new hadrons, decaying weakly, would necessarily possess a new, as yet unidentified, quantum number.
48 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a coupled system of equations is solved for neutrino and energy diffusion fluxes as well as lepton diffusion in a collapsing supernovae ambient medium, and the results indicate a substantial growth in the neutrinos chemical potential for densities greater than 10 to the 12th power gm/cu cm.
Abstract: The validity of imposing a zero chemical potential for neutrinos in hydrodynamic calculations of collapsing supernovae is investigated in the diffusion approximation of neutrino transport. A coupled system of equations is solved for neutrino and energy diffusion fluxes as well as lepton diffusion in a collapsing supernovae ambient medium, and the results indicate a substantial growth in the neutrino chemical potential for densities greater than 10 to the 12th power gm/cu cm. The rate of energy transport is shown to be significantly affected by increases in Fermi integrals and chemical-potential gradients accompanied by decreases in temperature, and the extent of neutrino particle/antiparticle reactions is found also to affect energy diffusion rates. It is concluded that the photon-like behavior usually assumed for neutrinos may be incorrect and that an extension of the Sn transport approximation to include lepton characteristics is necessary for a definitive answer to the question of neutrino transport in supernovae.
48 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the Dirac equation for a lepton with an anomalous magnetic moment in the Coulomb field of the antilepton was solved and the existence of resonance states of hadronic size and of energies of a few GeV due to the interplay of effective attractive and repulsive dynamical potentials of the r −2, r −3 and r −4 -type.
33 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the ratio of the respective mean laboratory energies for the μ- and μ+ lies between 0.48 and 2.10, where μ is a neutral, heavy, spin-½ lepton and μ is an antineutrino.
Abstract: Suppose that a neutral, heavy, spin-½ lepton were created by a mixed neutrino-anti-neutrino beam incident on an arbitrary target and that this lepton subsequently decayed into a μ pair and a neutrino (or antineutrino). Then the ratio of the respective mean laboratory energies for the μ- and μ+ lies between 0.48 and 2.10.
28 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a vector-like model involving six different quark "flavors", each in a color triplet: 18 quarks all told, was proposed, and the model also included a third charged lepton and several massive neutral leptons.
Abstract: We search for a renormalizable gauge theory incorporating our modified weak current. The right-handed quarks participate to give a natural explanation for the nonleptonic $\ensuremath{\Delta}I=\frac{1}{2}$ rule. We argue that extra quarks and/or extra leptons are necessary. We focus on a vector-like model involving six different quark "flavors," each in a color triplet: 18 quarks all told. The model also involves a third charged lepton and several massive neutral leptons. We compare the predictions of our model with the conventional (12 quarks) model. Present experimental data are insufficient to discriminate between the two models. We give detailed analyses and predictions concerning charged-current and neutral-current phenomena, including inclusive scattering, scattering of neutrinos by electrons, single-pion production, and neutrino or antineutrino elastic scattering on protons.
27 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the neutrino scattering cross-section for heavy nuclei was shown to be proporional to the square of the nuclear mass of the nuclei, and it was shown that this high cross-sections may make it possible for the hot neutron star newly formed in stellar collapse to emit enough neutrinos to blow off the iron envelope that would surround the newly formed neutron star.
Abstract: Neutral current theories of neutrino interactions predict a scattering cross section for heavy nuclei proporional to the square of the nuclear mass. It has been shown that this high cross section may make it possible for the hot neutron star newly formed in stellar collapse to emit enough neutrinos to blow off the iron envelope that would surround the newly formed neutron star. The present work is an effort to repeat the above calculations with a better model for the neutrino interactions. 10 references. (auth)
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that it is possible to determine whether the outgoing lepton in muonless neutrino and antineutrino reactions is identical with the incident particle, even if the lepton is massless and has the same helicity.
TL;DR: In this article, the neutrino transport supernova model is discussed and the following conclusions are drawn: mass ejection proceeds primarily by a reflected shock, efficient coupling of the energies of the neutrin and particle gases in the core reduce the strength of the reflected shock and thereby prevents the ejection of material, the coupling of energy or momentum between the neutin and particle gas is not sufficient to cause ejection, and the muon-neutrino opacities of Wilson lead to sufficient energy coupling and transport to prevent the material ejection.
Abstract: Essential features of the neutrino transport supernova model are discussed. The following conclusions are drawn: mass ejection proceeds primarily by a reflected shock, efficient coupling of the energies of the neutrino and particle gases in the core reduce the strength of the reflected shock and thereby prevents the ejection of material, the coupling of the energies of the neutrino and particle gases by neutrino-electron scattering appears to be critical in the models in regard to mass ejection, the muon-neutrino opacities of Wilson lead to sufficient energy coupling and transport to prevent the ejection of material, and the coupling in energy or momentum between the neutrino and particle gases is not sufficient to cause ejection of material. 16 references. (BJG)
TL;DR: In this article, the photoproduction of large transverse momentum mesons is examined in a leading particle model using the techniques of the covariant parton model. But this model differs from the usual Drell-Yan mechanism in that the lepton pair has a small invariant mass but comes from a large-p T virtual photon.
TL;DR: In this paper, general features of heavy lepton production and decay are studied in the framework of a large number of gauge models, and a convenient classification into SU(2) type and SU(3) type models is made according to the leptonic multiplets and allowed transitions.
TL;DR: In this paper, a new mixing angle was introduced to ensure the universality of the β decay and the μ decay, and the nuclear β-decay current couples to the intermediate boson with partial strength of the gauge coupling.
Abstract: A gauge model is proposed which contains only left-handed currents of quarks and leptons. Finally, the nuclear β-decay current couples to the intermediate boson with partial strength of the gauge coupling, and a new mixing angle is introduced to ensure the universality of the β decay and the μ decay.
TL;DR: In this article, the origin of the leptons is a low-mass, approx. (1 to 5) m/sub pi/vector meson which decays weakly into $mu$+$nu$ and e+nu$ symmetrically.
Abstract: Recent data on observations of direct leptons produced in proton-proton collisions are analyzed. It is found that the large bulk of the data can be accounted for if the origin of the leptons is a low-mass, approx. (1 to 5) m/sub pi/, vector meson which decays weakly into $mu$+$nu$ and e+$nu$ symmetrically. The proposed object is produced and decays with a cross section times branching ratio of 10$sup -3$ of the pion production cross section. (AIP)
TL;DR: In this article, the life time of a particle observed in the cosmic ray neutrino experiment with its production rate was reconciled by assigning a new quantum number (κ) which may be assigned to leptons and hadrons.
Abstract: In order to reconcile the life time of the new particle observed in the cosmic ray neutrino experiment with its production rate, it is proposed that the particle has a new quantum number (κ) which may be assigned to leptons and hadrons In the production of the new particle, assumed to be a heavy charged lepton,κ is conserved by creating an associated lepton-hadron pair Suppression of theκ-violating interaction is invoked to interpret the long life time of this particle
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that the energy as well as the transverse momentum dependence of the yield of direct leptons in pp collisions can be obtained from the production and subsequent decay of vector mesons (ϱ, ω, φ and ψ).
TL;DR: In this paper, the neutrons and their energy spectrum of high-energy neutrons emitted in polarized muon capture by nuclei are given in the theory of allowed and forbidden transitions, with the small components of lepton wave functions.
01 Jan 1975
TL;DR: In this article, a review of elastic processes, including scaling, x and y distributions, violations of charge symmetry and sum rules, and evidence for and against the existence of heavy long-lived neutral leptons, suggested by the cosmic neutrino experiment is discussed.
Abstract: The review covers the elastic processes, $nu$n $Yields$ $mu$$sup -$p and $nu$p $Yields$ $mu$$sup +$n, 1, 2, and 3$pi$ production, inclusive cross sections, scaling, x and y distributions, violations of charge symmetry and sum rules. Also evidence for and against the existence of heavy long-lived neutral leptons, suggested by the cosmic neutrino experiment, is discussed. (JFP)
TL;DR: A pair of heavy leptons with a mass of 1.8 GeV can explain the step function-like behavior of the charge-particle energy fraction in e$sup +$e$sup -$ annihilation except for the resonance region around 4.1 GeV as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: A pair of heavy leptons with a mass of 1.8 GeV can explain the step- function-like behavior of the charge-particle energy fraction in e$sup +$e$sup -$ annihilation except for the resonance region around 4.1 GeV. The preliminary result of the e-$mu$ events reported by Perl, in particular the effects of spin alignment, are discussed in terms of this heavy lepton. We comment on a possible way to distinguish the heavy lepton from heavy hadrons. (AIP)
TL;DR: In this article, a cluster model for high P ⊥ leptons and hadrons is examined in which the "clusters" produced in p-p collisions are identified with the (continuum) hadron state produced in e + e − collisions.
TL;DR: In this article, the radiative corrections to the lepton energy spectrum in semileptonic hyperon decays were studied under the assumption of the effective current-current interaction of the V-ϱA type for the baryonic part.
01 Feb 1975
TL;DR: In this paper, predictions for lepton pair production are given taking into account new information about the quark partons (antiparton distributions fromν data, charm, colour) and about the vector mesons (heavy vectors mesons and Ψ-particles).
Abstract: SummaryPredictions are given for lepton pair production taking into account new information about the quark partons (antiparton distributions fromν data, charm, colour) and about the vector mesons (heavy vector mesons and Ψ-particles). Applications are given for various hadronic beams and energies in the cases where one detects either the pair of leptons or a single lepton.RiassuntoSi fanno predizioni per la produzione di coppie di leptoni tenendo conto delle nuove informazioni sui quark partoni (distribuzione degli antipartoni dai dati deiν, charm, colore) e sui mesoni vettoriali (mesoni vettoriali pesanti e particelle Ψ). Si espongono applicazioni per vari fasci adronici e varie energie nei casi in cui si riveli o una coppia di leptoni o un singolo leptone.