Showing papers on "Mink published in 1981"
TL;DR: It is considered unlikely that the two species competed for food to any extent, and other factors must be responsible for the spread of feral Mink and the decline in otter populations in many parts of Britain.
Abstract: The feeding habits and prey selectivity of Mink Mustela vison and otters Lutra lutra were compared in two localities in Devon: a eutrophic lake and a moorland river, in which both species occurred and had access to the same prey populations. The effects of prey availability on the predators' diets were assessed by comparing prey consumed, as revealed by scat analysis, with estimates of prey abundance and size range. Otters specialized in fish at all times of year but showed seasonal variation in species taken. Selection for slow-moving fish and seasonal changes in behaviour of some fish species were the probable causes of this variation. Otters diversified more into non-fish food in summer, when fish availability was reduced. The main alternative prey in the lacustrine habitat was waterfowl, but in the riverine habitat, rabbits. Mink were more generalized carnivores, taking a variety of fish, waterside and terrestrial prey in all seasons. These three prey categories were taken to an almost equal extent in the lake but terrestrial prey dominated in the riverine habitat. Fish were taken most frequently in winter and birds and mammals in summer. Neither predator showed selection in respect of prey size. In each area, about one third of the otter and Mink diets was common to both species. Fish was the principal group of the shared component, and dietary overlap in respect of them was greatest in autumn and winter. In view of the dietary preferences of each predator, the existence of alternative prey items and limited degree of dietary overlap, it is considered unlikely that the two species competed for food to any extent. Other factors must therefore be responsible for the spread of feral Mink and the decline in otter populations in many parts of Britain.
152 citations
TL;DR: Results not only indicate that Fr-MCF virus is a crucial intermediate in the induction of disease by F-MuLV, but also suggest that a novel gene, either an MCF/xenotropic virus-related envelope gene or a gene controlling its expression, is responsible for resistance to erythroleukemia induced by F -MuLV.
Abstract: In these studies, we have shown data that are consistent with the hypothesis that mink cell focus-inducing viruses (MCF) play an important role in the generation of an erythroproliferative disease developing after injection of certain strains of newborn mice with ecotropic Friend murine leukemia virus (F-MuLV). Resistance to this disease is correlated with the endogenous expression of an MCF/xenotropic virus-gp70-related protein that may interfere with the replication or spread of MCF viruses. These ideas are supported by the following observations: (a) after infection with F-MuLV, only 6/13 strains of mice-developed disease, and studies with crosses between susceptible and resistant strains indicated that resistance was dominant. Although F-MuLV was shown to replicate equally well in all strains tested, viruses coding for MCF-specific viral envelope proteins could be detected only in the spleens of mice from strains that were resistant to F-MuLV-induced disease and not in the spleens of mice from strains that were resistant to F-MuLV-induced disease; (b) a Friend MCF (Fr-MCF) virus isolated from the spleen of an F-MuLV-infected mouse from a susceptible strain induced the same erythroproliferative disease when injected as an appropriate pseudotype into mice from susceptible but not resistant strains of mice; and (c) resistant but not susceptible strains of mice endogenously express MCF/xenotropic virus-related envelope glycoproteins that may be responsible for resistance by blocking receptors for MCF viruses. These results not only indicate that Fr-MCF virus is a crucial intermediate in the induction of disease by F-MuLV, but also suggest that a novel gene, either an MCF/xenotropic virus-related envelope gene or a gene controlling its expression, is responsible for resistance to erythroleukemia induced by F-MuLV.
136 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: A clear difference could not be detected in carriage between normal and diarrheic cattle, horses, pigs, and dogs, and the organism was not isolated from horses and mink.
Abstract: Feces from normal and diarrheic animals were cultured for Campylobacter jejuni. A clear difference could not be detected in carriage between normal and diarrheic cattle, horses, pigs, and dogs. Too few diarrheic goats, sheep, and rabbits were sampled for conclusions to be made. Carriage rates (%) detected in normal animals were as follows: ducks 88.3, chickens 23.8, sheep 13.6, rabbits 11.3, goats 2.7, cattle 2.5, and dogs 0.5. The organism was not isolated from horses and mink. Carriage rates varied within a species between animals from different sources.
99 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that photoperiod acts through hypophyseal PRL secretion to terminate the delay that precedes implantation in mink, and PRL alone appeared not to be able to sustain luteal function.
Abstract: The purpose of this experiment was to determine whether prolactin (PRL) is the factor that activates the quiescent corpus luteum (CL) and terminates the delay that precedes implantation in mink. Animals were hypophysectomized or sham-hypophysectomized 6 days after the second of two matings. Eight hypophysectomized mink received 0.5 mg ovine PRL (NIH-P-Si 3) daily through Days 21-24 of the experiment (Day 0 = day of surgery). Five sham-hypophysectomized and one hypophysectomized animal received no hormone therapy after surgery. All animals were bled at 3 day intervals until termination by exsanguination between Days 21 and 24. Uteri were observed by means of midventral laparotomy between Days 14 and 16. The hypophysectomized, untreated mink displayed neither luteal activation nor embryo implantation throughout the duration of the experiment. In hypophysectomized mink injected with PRL, luteal activation, as indicated by an increase in peripheral progesterone above pretreatment levels, had begun by Day 3 and persisted through Day 15 (P<0.05). Uterine swellings were present in six of eight PRL-treated mink at Days 14-16 and in seven of eight at Days 21-24. These swellings were found to contain implanted embryos at necropsy. Luteal activation occurred by Day 9 in sham.hypophysectomized mink, and progesterone continued to increase through Day 24. No evidence of implantation was present at Days 14-16 in this group but three of five had implanted by Days 2 1-24. The results demonstrate that PRL alone will induce tuteal activation and embryo implantation in hypophysectomized mink. However, PRL alone appeared not to be able to sustain luteal function. It is suggested that photoperiod acts through hypophyseal PRL secretion to terminate em
89 citations
TL;DR: The infertile black mink is a new model of infertility associated with naturally occurring autoimmune disease of the testis and no immunopathologic evidence of Aleutian mink disease is found.
Abstract: Breeding for fine black fur has generated a colony of mink wherein 20-30% of the males are infertile. Two clinical groups are distinguishable: one being infertile from the start (primary infertility), and the other infertile after one or more years of fertility (secondary fertility). Although the etiology of primary infertility is unknown, the available data indicate that secondary infertility is associated with an autoimmune disease of the testis. Thus, male mink with secondary infertility have (a) higher prevalence and levels of anti-sperm antibody when compared with animals with primary infertility, and the antibody prevalence varies with fur color; (b) severe monocytic orchitis (47%) and/or aspermatogenesis (75%) with negative cultures for bacterial, fungal, mumps, or Coxsackie B viral organisms; (c) massive and extensive granular deposits of mink IgG and/or C3 (71%), typical of immune complexes, along the basal lamina of seminiferous tubules; (d) testes that when eluted with buffer or low pH yielded IgG that was 10-fold enriched in anti-sperm antibody activity as compared with serum IgG; and (e) no immunopathologic evidence of Aleutian mink disease. Although the sperm antigen-antibody complexes in the testis may be important as a pathogenetic mechanism of the testicular disease, there is no correlation between fluorescent anti-sperm antibody detection in the serum and the infertile state. The infertile black mink is a new model of infertility associated with naturally occurring autoimmune disease of the testis.
68 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the utilization of fish and animal byproducts in mink nutrition, and propose a method to improve the performance of the mink's diet by using these byproducts.
Abstract: (1978). Utilization of Fish and Animal Byproducts in Mink Nutrition. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica: Vol. 28, No. 2, pp. 105-129.
68 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Using ferric oxide as a feed marker, no differences were observed in food passage time between mink and ferrets or between males and females within each species.
Abstract: The amount of feed consumed per day and the rate of food passage was measured in mink and European ferrets. Daily feed consumption averaged 40 and 42 g dry matter per kg body weight for male mink and ferrets and 53 and 49 g dry matter per kg body weight for female mink and ferrets, respectively. Using ferric oxide as a feed marker, no differences were observed in food passage time between mink and ferrets or between males and females within each species. The mean time of food passage was 187 minutes for mink and 182 minutes for European ferrets.
63 citations
TL;DR: The result of analysing otter spraints from an eutrophic lake and oligotrophic stream are described and compared with the results of a study of the mink's diet in the same areas.
Abstract: The result of analysing otter spraints from an eutrophic lake and oligotrophic stream are described and compared with the results of a study of the mink's diet in the same areas.
60 citations
TL;DR: The study of testicular autoimmunity was formally launched in the early 195O's when an autoimmune disease of the testis, experimental allergic orchitis (EAO), was induced by immunization of guinea pigs with homologous sperm or testicular antigens in complete Freund's adjuvant.
Abstract: spermatozoon is one ofthe first tissue antigens known to be immunogenic to the autologous host (Landsteiner 1899, Metchnikoff 1899, Metalnikoff 1900). The several decades following this discovery encompassed great efforts aimed at utilizing sperm antigens in antifertility vaccines (see review by Katsh 1959). The study of testicular autoimmunity was formally launched in the early 195O's when an autoimmune disease of the testis, experimental allergic orchitis (EAO), was induced by immunization of guinea pigs (GP) with homologous sperm or testicular antigens in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) (Voisin et al. 1951, Freund et al. 1953, 1955). More recently, increasing circumstantial evidence indicates that autoimmunity to sperm may be a cause of infertility in men. and that immunity to sperm also results in infertility in women (reviewed in Jones et al. 1975, Shulman 1975, Johnson et al. 1975). Despite this early beginning, sperm and testicular autoimmunity and their possible pathologic consequences remain poorly defined, and the pathogenetic mechanisms of EAOimcompletely understood. Moreover, EAO, similar to experimental allergic encephalomyelitis but unlike experimental autoimmune thyroiditis, has been an experimental disease in search of clinical relevance.
57 citations
TL;DR: Of 79 mapped sites, 68, or 86%, were found to be common for both types of DNA, indicating that canine parvovirus and mink enteritis virus are closely related viruses.
Abstract: The genomes of canine parvovirus and mink enteritis virus were compared by restriction enzyme analysis of their replicative-form DNAs. Of 79 mapped sites, 68, or 86%, were found to be common for both types of DNA, indicating that canine parvovirus and mink enteritis virus are closely related viruses. Whether they evolved from a common precursor or whether canine parvovirus is derived from mink enteritis virus, however, cannot be deduced from our present data.
54 citations
TL;DR: The BXH-2 mouse provides a model system for studying the role of replication-competent viruses in spontaneously occurring leukemias of non-T-cell lineage and neurological disease.
Abstract: Among 12 recombinant inbred strains of mice derived from crossing two strains, C57BL/6J and C3H/HeJ, which have a low incidence of neoplastic disease, one strain (BXH-2) has been found to have a high incidence of lymphoma, of non-T-cell origin, at an early age. The BXH-2 strain carries the Fv-1b allele and spontaneously expresses a B-tropic murine leukemia virus beginning at as early as 10 days of gestation and continuing throughout their life. No significant differences in ecotropic virus titers were observed at any age tested (16 to 17 days of gestation through 7 months), whereas xenotropic virus was first detected in lymphoid tissues of 2-month-old mice and virus titers increased with age. Dual tropic virus(es), which induced cytopathic changes on mink lung cells, was isolated from BXH-2 lymphomatous tissues. Unlike AKR mink lung focus-forming virus (N-tropic recombinant), BXH-2 dual tropic virus is B tropic and induces cytopathic changes in mouse fibroblast cultures as well. The BXH-2 mouse provides a model system for studying the role of replication-competent viruses in spontaneously occurring leukemias of non-T-cell lineage and neurological disease.
TL;DR: Mink cell focus forming (MCF) virus was always detected in the enlarged spleens of NFS, BALB/c, SL, and C 3 H mice infected with NB-tropic ecotropic Friend virus and the viruses were XC positive.
TL;DR: Plasma thyroxine (T4) and testosterone concentrations were measured in adult male mink maintained outdoors under natural light and fed ad libitum the whole year round, showing a biphasic seasonal change.
Abstract: Plasma thyroxine (T4) and testosterone concentrations were measured in adult male mink maintained outdoors under natural light and fed ad libitum the whole year round. Plasma T4 concentrations presented a biphasic seasonal change, the highest values occurring in the spring and autumn months and the lowest values in the winter months. The plasma testosterone cycle showed an annual maximum in January–February. The possibility of testis–thyroid interactions is discussed. The changes observed are correlated with environmental temperature, photoperiod, and molting cycle.
Journal Article•
01 Jan 1981
TL;DR: PCBs transfer to the newborn via milk was greater than placental transfer and PBB was not as fetotoxic as PCBs but was lethal to the adult at a lower dietary concentration.
Abstract: A search for the cause of reproductive complications and excessive newborn mortality in mink fed Great Lakes fish in the late 1960's led to the demonstrated toxicity of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in this carnivore Studies were undertaken to quantitate the toxicity of several PCBs on mink and ferrets, to contrast placental transfer to the fetus and milk biotransfer to the newborn, and to compare PCB to polybrominated biphenyl (PBB) toxicity Dietary levels as low as 2 ppm of Aroclor® 1254 impaired mink reproduction Complete fetotoxicity for Aroclors 1242 or 1254 was determined to be less than 5 ppm The dietary concentration lethal to 50 percent of the adult mink was calculated as 86 and 665 ppm for Aroclors 1242 and 1254, respectively The ferret was found to be somewhat less sensitive to several of these chlorinated hydrocarbon compounds PCB transfer to the newborn via milk was greater than placental transfer PBB was not as fetotoxic as PCBs but was lethal to the adult at a lower dietary concentration
TL;DR: Findings provide strong evidence favoring the involvement of the Snyder-Theilen FeSV-encoded high-molecular-weight polyprotein and its associated tyrosine-specific protein kinase activity in transformation.
Abstract: The previously described high-molecular-weight polyprotein major translational product of the Snyder-Theilen strain of feline sarcoma virus (FeSV) was shown to possess protein kinase activity with specificity for tyrosine acceptor sites. Cells transformed by Snyder-Theilen FeSV exhibited constitutively elevated levels of phosphotyrosine and a concomitant reduction in epidermal growth factor (EGF) binding sites. By endpoint cloning in microtiter plates, a number of transformation-defective (tf) mutants of the Snyder-Theilen strain of FeSV were isolated. Mink cells nonproductively infected by such mutants were morphologically nontransformed, failed to grow in soft agar, bound EGF as efficiently as control mink cells, and lacked rescuable transforming virus. Although the level of expression of the major viral polyprotein translational product in td mutant-infected clones was comparable to that of wild-type (wt) transformants, the polyprotein in mutant clones lacked detectable protein kinase activity and total cellular phosphotyrosine levels were not elevated significantly above control values. Of a large number of wt Snyder-Theilen FeSV-transformed mink cell clones isolated, the majority were found to revert to a nontransformed morphology upon continuous passage in cell culture. Such nontransformed variants, as well as a Gardner FeSV-transformed mink cell revertant, lacked detectable polyprotein expression and exhibited levels of phosphotyrosine and EGF binding similar to those of control mink cells. These findings provide strong evidence favoring the involvement of the Snyder-Theilen FeSV-encoded high-molecular-weight polyprotein and its associated tyrosine-specific protein kinase activity in transformation.
01 Apr 1981
TL;DR: The cell distribution of megabodies in beige mice suggests they result from increased fusion between organelles delimited by membranes adapted to sequestration of hydrolytic enzymes.
Abstract: The Chediak-Higashi syndrome (CHS) is characterized by the occurrence of large inclusions in granulocytes and other cells. Analogs of the human disease are known in several species. Severity of clinical manifestations and extent of neutrophil alteration correlate closely and decrease in the order: man, mink, and mouse. The megabodies in granulocytes of Aleutian mink with CHS represent abnormal primary lysosomes that develop through fusion between stored lysosomal granules. The CHS alteration in mink affects azurophil granules of neutrophils more severely than the granules of eosinophils or basophils and spares specific granules of neutrophils. Several other types of cells exhibit megabodies that apparently cause little or no dysfunction in beige mice showing the CHS defect. Mast cells in these mice contain enlarged storage lysosomes, and Type II pneumocytes and gastric chief cells show enlarged secretory granules. Gastric chief cells, parietal cells, and hepatocytes enclose hypertrophied secondary lysosomes that function in autophagy whereas proximal renal tubules and cultured fibroblasts display hypertrophic secondary lysosomes of heterophagic nature. The cell distribution of megabodies in beige mice suggests they result from increased fusion between organelles delimited by membranes adapted to sequestration of hydrolytic enzymes.
TL;DR: It is concluded that copulation is primarily responsible for the loss of eggs from the uterus, although the exact mechanism remains obscure.
Abstract: Summary. In 8 of 12 mink paired for the first time, pairing alone induced ovulation and a short (5 min) interrupted mating led to 8/8 ovulating with normal numbers of corpora lutea. However, in already mated mink, a short mating (Day 7) failed completely or partly (reduced number of ovulations) to induce ovulation. In mink which refused to mate, hCG consistently induced ovulation. In already mated mink (Day 0) a later mating (Day 7), even if interrupted after 5 min, led to expulsion of the first set of eggs, approximately 50% of which were 'lost' by Day 4 and virtually 100% by Day 6. This effect was not produced by pairing without intromission or by treatment with hCG to induce ovulation. It is concluded that copulation is primarily responsible for the loss of eggs from the uterus, although the exact mechanism remains obscure.
TL;DR: The genes for MOD-1 and MOR-1 were firmly assigned to mink chromosomes 1 and 11, respectively, and the genes for G6PD and HPRT were provisionally assigned to the X.
Abstract: Chinese hamster x American mink somatic cell hybrids were obtained and examined for chromosome content and expression of mink malate dehydrogenase, NADP (MOD-1; EC 11140), malate dehydrogenase, NAD (MOR-1; EC 11137), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD; EC 11149) and hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT; EC 2428) All the hybrid clones examined were found to segregate mink chromosomes A clone panel containing 25 clones was set up The possibilities and limitations of this panel for mink gene mapping are analysed Using this panel, it is feasible to rapidly map genes located on chromosomes 1–13 and to provisionally assign genes located on chromosome 14 and the X Based on the data obtained, the genes for MOD-1 and MOR-1 were firmly assigned to mink chromosomes 1 and 11, respectively, and the genes for G6PD and HPRT were provisionally assigned to the X
TL;DR: Findings provide genetic evidence that the tyrosine-specific protein kinase activity associated with ST-FeSV P85 is required for virus-induced transformation.
Abstract: Four phenotypically normal mink cell clones, each containing a transformation-defective provirus of the Snyder-Theilen strain of feline sarcoma virus (ST-FeSV), synthesized an 85,000-dalton viral polyprotein (P85) indistinguishable in size and antigenic complexity from that encoded by wild-type transforming ST-FeSV. An additional transformation-defective, ST-FeSV-containing flat cell clone produced a polyprotein of 88,000 daltons (P88). The viral polyproteins immunoprecipitated from cytoplasmic extracts of these cells lacked the tyrosine-specific protein kinase activity associated with the wild-type ST-FeSV gene product. In addition, the products encoded by representative transformation-defective ST-FeSV genomes were poorly phosphorylated in vivo and lacked detectable phosphotyrosine residues. Whereas proteins of ST-FeSV transformants contained elevated levels of phosphotyrosine, those of mink cells containing transformation-defective ST-FeSV exhibited phosphotyrosine levels no higher than those found in uninfected cells. These findings provide genetic evidence that the tyrosine-specific protein kinase activity associated with ST-FeSV P85 is required for virus-induced transformation.
TL;DR: For both compounds, the mother's milk was found to be the major route of offspring exposure, with placental transfer being much less consequential.
Abstract: The placental and mammary transfer of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs) was measured in the mink and European ferret. In short-term studies, PCBs were found to cross the placenta more readily than PBBs. Transfer of PCBs was greater in the ferret than in the mink. In a longer term study of placental and mammary transfer, newborn mink kit concentrations of PCBs and PBBs were similar. However, by 2 weeks of age, PBB levels were significantly higher than PCB levels. Milk levels of PBB were determined to be four times those of PCB. For both compounds, the mother's milk was found to be the major route of offspring exposure, with placental transfer being much less consequential.
TL;DR: Avian influenza A virus Hav 7 N 2 was transmitted to mink by contact and human, swine and equine influenza A viruses were transmitted by a similar contact.
Abstract: Avian influenza A virus Hav 7 N 2 was transmitted to mink by contact. Other avian influenza A viruses, Hav 4 Nav 1 and Hav 6 Nav 5, were not transmitted, and human, swine and equine influenza A viruses were transmitted to mink by a similar contact.
TL;DR: A virus was isolated from a mink kit which was suffering from infectious diarrhea by direct kidney cell cultures and identified as mink enteritis virus, which showed anorexia and vomiting in specific pathogen-free cat, which was inoculated with the virus.
Abstract: A virus was isolated from a mink kit which was suffering from infectious diarrhea by direct kidney cell cultures. This virus formed large intranuclear inclusions in the cell cultures of feline origin. Many inclusions were observed when the virus was inoculated on the cells prior to the formation of cell sheet. The incidence of these inclusions decreased when the virus was inoculated on the complete monolayers. The nucleic acid type of the virus is DNA. The virus particle is a sphere with a diameter of approximately 24nm. It is stable to organic solvents, acid and heat. The virus agglutinated pig, green monkey and crab-eating monkey erythrocytes at 4°C under the condition of pH 6.5 and 6.8. The infectivity of the virus was neutralized with antisera against mink enteritis virus or feline panleukopenia virus. Hemagglutination of the virus was inhibited by the same sera. According to the results of these morphological, physicochemical and sero-logical tests, the virus was identified as mink enteritis virus. Specific pathogen-free cat, which was inoculated with the virus, showed anorexia and vomiting. In the cat, total leukocyte counts decreased significantly and antibodies to the virus were detected. Contact infection was observed.
TL;DR: It is reported that the observed cytopathic effect is due to a mycoplasma which grows lytically to high titre in mink lung cells, but is difficult to cultivate in cell-free media.
Abstract: Previous investigation of the ability of cytomegalovirus and varicella-zoster virus to replicate in a variety of cell lines suggested that both virus types plaqued with high efficiency in mink lung cells. However, many of the virus isolates used appeared to be contaminated with mycoplasma. We now report that the observed cytopathic effect is due to a mycoplasma which grows lytically to high titre in mink lung cells, but is difficult to cultivate in cell-free media. The mycoplasma was plaque-purified and shown to contain DNA with a buoyant density of 1.684 g/ml, with restriction endonuclease patterns identical to the porcine mycoplasma M. hyorhinis. This was confirmed by serological identification.
TL;DR: Twenty eight American mink X Chinese hamster somatic cell hybrids were analysed for the expression of mink enzymes and for mink chromosomes to assign the genes for phosphoglucomutase-1 and phosphogluconate dehydrogenase to chromosome 2.
Abstract: Twenty eight American mink × Chinese hamster somatic cell hybrids were analysed for the expression of mink enzymes and for mink chromosomes. The results of this analysis made it possible to assign the
Journal Article•
TL;DR: No relationship existed between early virus production or late virus production and lymphoma latency, total lymphoma incidence, and histopathology, and in contrast with high titers of XC+ virus in tail tissues of diseased mice, a markedly low virus content was found in lymphomatous organs.
Abstract: Approximately 60% of inbred SJL/J-(v+) adult mice having high levels of ecotropic endogenous XC+ virus showed virus activation within the first month of life, while the others produced virus at comparable levels later on, in an attempt to correlate the time of virus activation with the incidence and latency of lymphomas, the tails of 57 1- and 2-month-old mice were tested for virus presence, and the mice were then observed for lymphoma appearance. While all 2-month-old mice expressed ecotropic virus, only 63% of the 1-month-old mice were virus-positive. However no relationship existed between early virus production (within 1 month) or late virus production and lymphoma latency, total lymphoma incidence, and histopathology. In contrast with high titers of XC+ virus in tail tissues of diseased mice, a markedly low virus content was found in lymphomatous organs. This difference was not due to selective growth of poor virus-producer cells or to inhibitory factors possibly released by the inflammatory cell component. Viral protein content and XC+ virus titer were not closely correlated in the neoplastic organs. Search for XC- viruses revealed that only 1 of 6 aged normal and 16 of 19 lymphomatous mice produced viruses that grew on mink lung cells. By use of a standard limiting dilution cloning procedure, four isolates were obtained that showed tropism for both murine and heterologous cells. Three of these isolates induced cytopathic changes similar to those induced by MCF viruses on mink lung cells but not on mouse cells. Interference and neutralization assays performed to better characterize the virus envelope properties further indicated that SJL/J isolates had features typical of MCF dualtropic viruses.
TL;DR: Peripheral blood lymphocytes from mink with progressive Aleutian disease were shown to be significantly less responsive to phytohemagglutinin, concanavalin A, and pokeweed mitogen than were PBL from normal mink and from minks with a nonprogressive form of AD.
Abstract: Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from mink with progressive Aleutian disease (AD) were shown to be significantly less responsive to phytohemagglutinin, concanavalin A, and pokeweed mitogen than were PBL from normal mink and from mink with a nonprogressive form of AD. Response to the virus of AD was significantly greater in PBL cultures from mink with nonprogressive AD than in those from normal mink or mink with progressive AD. After experimental infection with AD virus, mink PBL were responsive to viral antigen only transiently. These findings suggest that lymphocyte responsiveness as indicated by transformation induced by mitogens or viral antigen may be an important aspect of host response to infection with the parvovirus of AD.