Showing papers on "Sativum published in 1977"
TL;DR: This result constitutes the most specific and strongest evidence for an enzymic penetration of a plant cuticle by a pathogen during infection.
Abstract: Rabbit antibody to cutinase-I, isolated from Fusarium solani f. pisi, was conjugated to ferritin. With this ferritin-conjugated antibody it was shown that germinating spores of this fungus excreted cutinase during the penetration of the host pisum sativum. This result constitutes the most specific and strongest evidence for an enzymic penetration of a plant cuticle by a pathogen during infection.
77 citations
66 citations
TL;DR: The after-effect of wilting on stomatal opening is caused primarily by the increased level of ABA, which is related to the stress physiology of mesophytic and hygrophytic plants.
48 citations
TL;DR: The view that they function as aminopeptidases in the general turnover of cellular proteins, rather than playing some additional specific role in the mobilization of storage proteins during germination, is supported.
Abstract: The activities of two soluble enzymes which hydrolyse L-leucyl s-naphthylamide have been measured in extracts from tissues of seeds and seedlings of Pisum sativum L. by using the chelator 1,10-phenanthroline as a selective inhibitor. In all the tissues studied, the phenanthroline-insensitive enzyme contributed the major proportion of the total activity against this substrate. In developing seeds, most of the activity of both enzymes is found in the maturing cotyledons, which develop maximum phenanthroline-sensitive and -insensitive activities respectively of 0.51 and 1.26 µmol per min per cotyledon (cv. Melbourne Market, dwarf) or 0.84 and 1.32 µmol per min per cotyledon (cv. Telephone, tall). In the cotyledons of germinating seeds, both enzyme activities increase within 24 h to values which are substantially lower than the maximum values found during development. These activities are maintained between 1 and 6 days from imbibition then they decline rapidly during the period of maximum rate of removal of protein from the cotyledon. The highest activities of both enzymes occur in tissues which are very active metabolically. This supports the view that they function as aminopeptidases in the general turnover of cellular proteins, rather than playing some additional specific role in the mobilization of storage proteins during germination.
45 citations
TL;DR: Examination of 66 collections of S. oryzae from various parts of the world revealed 7 capable of breeding on this pulse (3 from Trinidad, 1 from Jamaica, 2 from Callao, Peru and 1 from Singapore); the significance of the experiments is briefly discussed.
40 citations
TL;DR: Downy mildew disease of the cultivated pea Pisum sativum L. Sydow was studied in mature leaves and young shoots of the host plant to study the formation of the penetration matrix, which was apparently the result of a specific interaction between the host and obligate fungal parasite.
Abstract: Downy mildew disease of the cultivated pea Pisum sativum L. caused by the fungus Peronospora pisi Sydow was studied in mature leaves and young shoots of the host plant. Particularly in systemic inf...
38 citations
TL;DR: Indole-3-acetic acid levels are diminished about 50% in 5- to 6-day-old epicotyls of etiolated pea seedlings treated with 10 to 36mul/l ethylene for 18 to 24 hr.
Abstract: Indole-3-acetic acid levels are diminished about 50% in 5- to 6-day-old epicotyls of etiolated pea (Pisum sativum L.) seedlings treated with 10 to 36μl/l ethylene for 18 to 24 hr.
38 citations
37 citations
TL;DR: Low seed moisture and low temperature during imbibition of water reduced seedling growth in faba beans and peas and reduced germination and growth of seeds of cultivars within both species.
Abstract: Among four faba bean (Vicia faba L.) and four pea (Pisum sativum L.) cultivars, significant differences occurred in the amount of water imbibed by whole seeds and seeds with their seed coats removed. Furthermore, seed soaking significantly reduced germination and growth of seeds of cultivars within both species. Transverse cracking of the cotyledons (TVC) was a cultivar characteristic in faba beans that was negatively associated with germination, but was not a factor in the pea cultivars studied. Low seed moisture and low temperature during imbibition of water reduced seedling growth in faba beans and peas and reduced germination in faba beans. There were significant cultivar differences in both faba beans and peas in the amount of seed leakage after 24 h of soaking. In faba beans the cultivars with the greatest TVC showed the greatest leakage. Smooth-seeded peas leaked more than wrinkle-seeded peas used in the study.
35 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, biochemical and physiological experiments were conducted on pea plants (Pisum sativum) continuously exposed in growth chambers to SO2 gas for 18 days, and S02 gas concentrations were 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2.
Abstract: Biochemical and physiological experiments were conducted on pea plants (Pisum sativum) continuously exposed in growth chambers to SO2 gas for 18 days. S02 gas concentrations were 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2...
27 citations
TL;DR: A regression analysis of genotype-environment interactions indicated that JI181, one of the primitive forms, showed the least response to environmental change.
Abstract: SUMMARY
The effects of temperature were studied on six root and shoot characters in pea (Pisum sativum) seedlings. The growth response of characters to13, 16 and 19 oC in seven genotypes was linear after 9 days from sowing with growth increasing with increase in temperatures. The response to accumulated heat units of 135 oC at these three temperatures was different with a peak in growth at 16 oC.
A regression analysis of genotype-environment interactions indicated that JI181, one of the primitive forms, showed the least response to environmental change. A major portion of the genotype-environment interaction was due to the heterogeneity of the regressions but the non-linear or residual portion was also significant in many characters. The least variable character over all genotypes was the length of the root which was bearing laterals.
TL;DR: The karyotype analysis together with meiotic studies, suggest that structural alteration of chromosomes have contributed to the evolution of the different strains within the species.
Abstract: SUMMARYDetailed karyotype studies were carried out on 24 agricultural strains of Coriandrum sativum, which show similarity in their chromosome number (2 n = 22) and morphology. Variation in somatic nuclei with 2 n = 15, 23, 24, 25, 27 chromosomes have been observed. In C. sativum var. W.B4, 2 n—24 or extra 2 chromosomes have been noted in the somatic complement. The extra chromosomes are probably B chromosomes. The karyotype analysis together with meiotic studies, suggest that structural alteration of chromosomes have contributed to the evolution of the different strains within the species. The presence of supernumerary constrictions in duplicate indicates homozygosity for structural changes. The strains differ in relation to such changes as detected in karyotypes and formation of regular bivalents. These characters have been attained by selection and as such they are able to stand competition.
TL;DR: It is impossible at this stage to decide whether the transport of photosynthate into the developing fruit and its seeds is controlled simply by the metabolic sink status of the developing system or if, in addition, there is a 'remote' effect on the transport system itself.
Abstract: Studies of 14C distribution in P. sativum cv. Greenfeast over 24 h indicate that 60-80% of 14C incorporated by the single leaf, on a plant pruned to leave one leaf and one pod, moves to the growing ovules at all developmental stages. Approximately 40% of the total activity was found in the ovules within 5 h after exposure of the leaf to 14CO2. As the pod temperature increases there is an increase in 14C uptake by the ovules, from 2% of the total 14C assimilated by the leaf at 10°C to 28% at 30°C, within 2.5 h of 14C application. These results are discussed in relation to possible mechanisms of nutrient uptake by the pod. However, it is impossible at this stage to decide whether the transport of photosynthate into the developing fruit and its seeds is controlled simply by the metabolic sink status of the developing system or if, in addition, there is a 'remote' effect on the transport system itself.
TL;DR: The soluble (sap) proteins of leaves of pea, Pisum sativum L. cvs.
Abstract: The soluble (sap) proteins of leaves of pea, Pisum sativum L. cvs. Alaska and Greenfeast, allowed to develop normally or deflowered, to prevent senescence, were separated by isoelectric focusing. There was a decline in certain proteins, with increases in others as the leaves aged but preventing senescence of the whole plant did not alter the pattern of change in leaf proteins. We concluded that whole plant senescence proceeds independently of leaf senescence.
TL;DR: Seedlings of Lepidium sativum L. contain 4 peroxidase isoenzymes and their de-novo synthesis is significantly depressed in the presence of 3·10−3 moles/l silybin, silydianin and silychristin in the incubation medium respectively as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Seedlings ofLepidium sativum L. contain 4 peroxidase isoenzymes. Their de-novo-synthesis is significantly depressed in the presence of 3·10−3 moles/l silybin, silydianin and silychristin in the incubation medium respectively.
TL;DR: Ethrel and ultraviolet irradiation alone and in combination with dark or visible light enhanced peroxidase activity in both root tip and distal root tissues but proximal stem and leaf tissues had depressed peroxIDase activity.
01 Sep 1977
TL;DR: Yield was significantly and positively correlated with plant height, number of pods per plant and 100-grain weight, indicating that selection for either of these would result in higher yield, suggesting predominance of additive gene effects.
Abstract: SUMMARY Eight cultivars of peas (Pisum sativum L.) were evaluated for six traits in a diallel experiment using regression coefficients, correlations and combining ability estimates. Regression coefficient was high, indicating large additive effects for 100-grain weight. Yield was significantly and positively correlated with plant height, number of pods per plant and 100-grain weight, indicating that selection for either of these would result in higher yield. The best index of yield among the traits studied was number of pods per plant. Significant general combining ability (GCA) variances and specific combining ability (SCA) variances were observed. GCA variances were larger than SCA variances except for yield, suggesting predominance of additive gene effects.
TL;DR: All the fungicides except Calixin showed decrease in the percentage infection when applied to the soil (200 ppm w/w) and Bavistin treated soil the infection was only 8% followed by Blitane, Cosan and Miltox.
Abstract: Organic amendments reduced the percentage infection of root rot and wilt of pea due to Fusarium solani f. sp. pisi. A fair amount of control of the disease can be obtained by the millet straw with additional ammonium nitrate.
Journal Article•
Journal Article•
01 Mar 1977
TL;DR: The fungal flora changed both quantitatively and qualitatively with the water stress, and number of effective nodules and size of the nodules were more in plants watered daily.
Abstract: Water stress has direct effect on growth, nodulation and rhizosphere micropopulation ofPisum sativum. The growth of the plant was more where the field capacity was maintained daily. The rate gradually slowed down with the water stress. The nodules were more in daily-watered plants than in plants watered on alternate days and once in three days. Similarly number of effective nodules and size of the nodules were more in plants watered daily. Rhizosphere microorganisms were also affected by the water stress. Moderate water stress reduces their number but more severe stresses leads to considerable reduction in their frequency of occurrence. The fungal flora changed both quantitatively and qualitatively with the water stress.