Showing papers on "Splitter published in 1996"

Ion-exchanged planar lossless splitter at 1.5 [micro sign]m

Abstract: The authors demonstrate the first ion-exchanged, planar lossless splitter at 1.5 /spl mu/m. The 1/spl times/2 device was fabricated by thallium ion exchange in an Er/Yb codoped borosilicate glass and achieved lossless splitting over the wavelength range 1534-1548 nm when pumped with a 980 nm laser diode.

Wavelength routing device having wide and flat passbands

Abstract: A wavelength routing device 500 includes a pair of dielectric slabs 10, 20 that are interconnected by an optical grating 30. The first dielectric slab 10 includes input ports for receiving optical signals that are routed to output ports of the second dielectric slab 20 according to their wavelengths. Y-branch splitters 70-1 are connected to the first dielectric slab. Splitters 70-1 each include a pair of adjacent waveguides, having widths (w 1 ), that are separated from each other by a center-to-center distance (c 1 ). Y-branch splitter 70-2 is connected to the second dielectric slab. Splitter 70-2 includes a pair of adjacent waveguides, having widths (w 2 ), that are separated from each other by a center-to-center distance (c 2 ). Preferably, 4w 2 >w 1 >1.5w 2 , and 4c 2 >c 1 >1.5c 2 . Associated with this routing device is a figure-of-merit (B 1 /B 2 ) that exceeds 0.5, which represents a substantial improvement over prior art designs. Such devices 500 are particularly useful in applications where they need to be cascaded.

Optical multiplexer/demultiplexer having a broadcast port

Abstract: An optical multiplexer/demultiplexer 500 comprises first and second star couplers 41, 42 that are interconnected by a number of optical waveguides 430 of unequal length (i.e., a grating). The multiplexer/demultiplexer functions to distribute optical signals in a first-wavelength region λ A (around 1550 nm) from one input port 401 of the first star coupler 41 to individual output ports 426 of the second star coupler 42 according to wavelength. The first star coupler includes at least one other input port 402 for receiving optical signals in a second wavelength region λ B (around 1310 nm) to be broadcast to all output ports of the second star coupler. In order to properly broadcast the optical signals in the second wavelength region, a power splitter 50 is connected in series with the other input port(s) of the first star coupler. The combined width w 1 of the output port(s) of the power splitter is greater than the width w 2 subtended by the central Brillouin zone of the multiplexer/demultiplexer. In one embodiment of the invention, the power splitter comprises a star coupler 50-1 having one input port 51 and many output ports; while in another embodiment, the power splitter comprises a tapered waveguide 50-2. A particularly useful device 100 is formed by adding a coarse WDM (80) to route optical input signals in the λ A wavelength region to the one input port of the first star coupler, and to route optical signals in the λ B wavelength region to the power splitter.

Asymmetric, adiabatic multipronged planar splitters

Abstract: This paper analyses the adiabatic forked splitter, a device for separating the power in different modes of a multimoded waveguide into distinct, single-mode waveguides. The concept of two-mode separation in asymmetric Y-splitters is generalized to several modal channels, and the resulting multipronged devices are studied in detail, thus addressing important issues such as (1) the achievement of optimally-short devices, (2) the minimization of radiation loss, and (3) the splicing of the device to external optical components. An approximate relationship is derived between the number of modal channels and the required device length, thus showing that there is an upper limit of about four modal channels, for practical fabrication in planar geometry.

RF splitter/combiner module

Abstract: A splitter/combiner module for radio frequency signal circuits includes an electrically conductive housing. Coax connectors are secured to the rear face of the housing. A circuit board is contained within the interior spaced between sidewalls of the housing. A ground side of the circuit board includes a layer of electrically conductive material which is electrically connected to the housing. Components on the circuit board include splitter/combiners for splitting a signal into a plurality of branch signals each having an individual attenuator component.

Interferometric fiber optic method and apparatus for obtaining absolute static measurement using an optical frequency-time profile

Abstract: A method and apparatus for obtaining absolute static measurement values of a physical influence includes a processor which controls the operation of a laser that generates an interferometer input signal which is submitted to an optical interferometer. The interferometer includes a coupler/splitter that splits the interferometer input signal into a reference arm and a sensing arm both of which are coupled to an appropriate physical influence. The sensing arm and the reference arm detect the status of the physical influence, whereupon the coupler/splitter generates an interferometer output signal received by the processor. The processor then correlates this interferometer output signal to an absolute static measurement value of the physical influence. A splitter is also employed to segment a portion of the interferometer input signal and employ this portion to correct the interferometer input signal and the interferometer output signal as determined by the processor. The interferometer may employ a cancellation technique to remove the inclusion of undesirable physical influences during the measurement of the desired physical influence.

Top exit coupler

Abstract: In a CATV housing the main RF circuit, a coupler circuit and splitter circuit are located respectively on a platform board, coupler board and splitter board respectively. The coupler board is between and perpendicular to the platform board attached to the housing and the splitter board attached to the lid. The coupler circuit has a main RF circuit input and output near the bottom of the coupler board and a tap output to the splitter at the top of the board. A ground plane on the coupler board approximates, relative to the coupler circuitry, transmission line impedance. In combination with ground planes on the platform board and splitter board, the ground planes provide approximate transmission line impedance to both the main RF path and to the path through the coupler to the splitter output.

Method and apparatus for monitoring video signals in a computer

Abstract: An apparatus inserted between a local computer and a local video monitor to split the video signal for transmission over transmission media to a remote splitter which feeds a remote video monitor, as well as to the local video monitor. Input may be accepted into the remote splitter from various input devices and transmitted back to the local video monitor or local computer over the transmission media and through the local splitter.

Simulation of laminar confined flow past a circular cylinder with integral wake splitter involving heat transfer

Abstract: A finite element method is used to study the effect of flow past a circular cylinder with an integral wake splitter. A fractional step algorithm is employed to solve the Navier‐Stokes and Energy equations with a Galerkin weighted residual formulation. The vortex shedding process is simulated and the effect of splitter addition on the time period of shedding is studied at a Reynolds number of 200 and a blockage ratio of 0.25. The effect of splitter and the Strouhal number and heat transfer augmentation per unit pressure drop has been investigated.

Compound transmission with repeat or double-I shift pattern

Abstract: A compound change-gear transmission (10) and control therefor are provided. The manually shifted compound transmission comprises a three-speed input splitter section (12) connected in series with a multiple-speed, lever-shifted main transmission section (14) connected in series with a two-speed output range section (16). The input splitter section is controlled by a multiple-position splitter selector switch (85), and the range section is controlled by a range switch which may be a manually operated device for repeat-I-type shifting (Fig. 4) or may be an autorange-type switch (87) for double-I-type shifting patterns.

Bidirectional optical transceiver assembly with reduced crosstalk

Abstract: An optical transceiver assembly for use in a bidirectional system includes a beam splitter to direct an incoming signal to a photodiode. An outgoing signal from a laser diode is partially transmitted and partially reflected by the splitter. The reflected signal, which may reach the photodiode, constitutes crosstalk which is reduced by means of a cavity positioned to receive the reflected signal and an oblique surface within the cavity adapted to prevent much of the reflected signal from reaching the photodiode.

Multi-channel slab CO2 laser excitation with resonant cavities

Abstract: A unique way of driving a multi-channel RF excited slab laser is presented. Resonant cavity techniques are employed to provide high power splitting and impedance transformation. Uniform and isolated power division was observed in eight discharge channels, stacked in a radial array, referred to as the Zodiac geometry. Impedance matching networks were not necessary as the RF cavity splitter creates a near ideal voltage source capable of driving any impedance. With 8 out of the 24 electrodes driven in the radial array, optical powers in excess of 1.2 kW have been observed at efficiencies of 12%.

Polarizing splitter device and application to a system for illuminating a liquid-crystal screen

Abstract: A polarizing splitter device includes a double prism having an entry face for receiving a beam of unpolarized light, a polarizing splitter transmitting the polarized light in a first polarization direction, and reflecting the light polarized in a second polarization direction. The double prism also has a reflection face provided with a mirror receiving the light reflected by the polarizing splitter as well as an exit face for receiving and transmitting the light transmitted by the polarizing splitter and reflected by the mirror.

Passive Ni:LiNbO3 polarisation splitter at 1.3 [micro sign]m wavelength

Abstract: A novel polarisation splitter operating at 1.3 /spl mu/m with an asymmetric Y-junction structure, and using only nickel diffusion on lithium niobate is presented. The measured splitting ratios are 21 dB for the ordinary mode and 23 dB for the extraordinary mode.

Demonstration and application of a monolithic Two-PONs-In-One device

Abstract: We have successfully designed and fabricated a 2P1 passive optical network device that functions transparently as a dense WDM around 155 /spl mu/m and as a power splitter around 131 /spl mu/m The dense WDM and the power splitter are combined with coarse WDMs on a single chip using conventional silica waveguide technology The device has potential applications in optical communications networks

Feed device for a multisource and multibeam antenna

Abstract: The invention relates to a feed device for a multisource semiactive antenna with multiple beams, including: a) a nonorthogonal beam shaper device (65) splitting Nb beam input signals and combining them to form Na output signals, b) Na amplifier modules (64), c) an orthogonal output power splitter (63) arranged between the Na amplifier modules (64) and Ne radiating elements (61). According to the invention, Nb≦Na≦Ne, and the orthogonal transfer function of the splitter (63) permits change between, on the one hand, Nb distributions at the input of the splitter (63), in which the amplitude of the Na signals is equal for each of the Nb beams, and in which the phase satisfied the condition of equality of the scalar products, taken in pairs, of the Nb excitation vectors at the input of the splitter (63), and of the scalar products, taken in pairs, of the Nb corresponding output excitation vectors and, on the other hand, Nb predetermined output distributions. Appended FIG. 6.

Signal isolating microwave splitters/combiners

Abstract: A microwave arrangement (CB1), such as a splitter and combiner, is formed by sandwiching a conductive ground plane (GP1) between two dielectric microstrip boards (DB1, DB2) whose outer faces carry RF traces (MT1, MT11, MT12, MT13, MT2, MT21, MT22, MT23, MT31, MT32, MT33) and extending the ground plane with a conductive plurality of distributed via holes (VH2) that contact the ground plane and pass through the boards to their outer faces. Connections are made between the traces on the surfaces with additional conductive via holes (VH1) that pass through the ground plane where the ground plane forms openings for passage of the via holes.

Ion-exchanged planar lossless splitter for analog CATV distribution systems at 1.5µm

Abstract: We demonstrate for the first time an ion-exchanged, planar lossless splitter pumped at 980 nm in an analog CATV distribution system at 1.5 µm.

UV-light-imprinted sol-gel silica glass waveguide 1x8 beam splitter on silicon

Abstract: We describe fabrication and characterization of UV-light imprinted sol-gel silica glass waveguide 1 X 8 beam splitter on silicon. Waveguide fabrication parameters carried out for channel waveguide realization were adapted at this new design. The splitter exhibited a relatively uniform output and a configuration loss of 0.83 dB at 1.55 micrometers wavelength.

Active quadrature power splitter

Abstract: An active quadrature power splitter having low power consumption is small in size and is inexpensive, for obtaining two output signals of which the phase difference is 90 degrees. Since the active quadrature power splitter operates as a microwave amplifier for obtaining two amplified microwave outputs having an equal magnitude and a phase difference of 90 degrees by using a matching circuit of the amplifier, a power gain can be obtained. Also, since a single FET or HBT is used and two output signals are generated in an output impedance matching circuit, the circuit becomes simplified. Therefore, the circuit can be easily implemented in a monolithic microwave IC and the chip size can be reduced.

A design study of radial inflow turbines with splitter blades in three-dimensional flow

Abstract: An inverse design technique to design turbomachinery blading with splitter blades in three-dimensional flow is developed. It is based on the use of Clebsch transformation, which allows the velocity field to be written as a potential part and a rotational part. It is shown that the rotational part can be expressed in terms of the mean swirl schedule (the circumferential average of the product of radius and tangential velocity) and the blade geometry that includes the main blade as well as the splitter blade. This results in an inverse design approach, in which both the main and the splitter blade geometry are determined from a specification of the swirl schedule. Previous design study of a heavily loaded radial inflow turbine, without splitter blades, for a rather wide variety of specified mean swirl schedules results in a blade shape with unacceptable nonradial blade filament; the resulting reduced static pressure distribution yields an ``inviscid reverse flow region`` covering almost the first half of the blade pressure surface. When the inverse design technique is applied to the design study of the turbine wheel with splitter blades, the results indicate that the use of splitter blades is an effective means for making the blademore » filament at an axial location more radial as well as a potential means for eliminating any ``inviscid reverse flow`` region that may exist on the pressure side of the blades.« less

Solid state laser light source wavelength control method

Abstract: The control method involves emitting light from a laser source (1) which is coupled to a monomode fibre, onto a splitter (2) that separates the beam. Most part of the beam is used (3) as an output and 10% is put in use for stabilisation and regulation purposes. The emission is received by another splitter (4) whose outputs are coupled to a Bragg grating (5,6) that has different wavelengths. The emissions are received by photo sensors (7,8) coupled to a regulating amplifier (9) that provides an input to a controller (10) to change the operating temperature.

Ccd charge splitter

Abstract: An apparatus and method of equalizing a first (a) and second (b) charge packet. The apparatus includes a charge splitter for splitting the first charge packet (a) into a third charge packet (aa) on the first side of the charge splitter and a fourth charge packet (ab) on the second side of the charge splitter. The second charge packet is split into fifth charge packet (ba) on the first side of the charge splitter and a sixth charge packet (bb) on the second side of the charge splitter. The apparatus includes a charge combiner for adding the third (aa) and sixth (bb) charge packets and the fourth (ab) and fifth (ba) charge packets.

Hydraulic tool for esp. digger for handling and splitting firewood

Abstract: The tool has a wedge splitter (9) and a hydraulic cylinder (11) mounted under or on the side of a frame (1) which serves to guide the splitter. The timber, splitter and cylinder all lie in a straight line (a). The splitter and the stop plate (2) of the cylinder are moved towards one another on a caliper-shaped frame by the hydraulic cylinder to split the timber in the direction of its grain. The tool is mounted on the hydraulic system of a digger. It is manoeuvred on to the timber to be split. The tool holds the timber, picks it up and splits it before laying it down in the desired position in one operation.

Laser surveying instrument

Abstract: PURPOSE: To reduce the light energy loss of a laser surveying instrument and prevent light from returning to the light source by providing a ploarizing splitter which reflects a linearly polarized laser beam and a beam splitter which transmits a part of the laser beam and reflects the remaining part of the laser beam in the direction opposite to the advancing direction of the laser beam after the laser beam is transmitted through a phase shifter. CONSTITUTION: A phase shifter 28 is stuck to the polarizing splitter 27 of a light emitting optical system 22 so that the angle between the direction of polarization of incident light and the axial direction of the shifter 28 is 45 deg.. A film 28a which transmits a part of a laser beam toward a pentagonal prism 35 and reflects the remaining part of the laser beam toward the polarizing splitter surface 27a of the splitter 27 is stuck to the upper surface of the shifter 28. The shifter 28 transmits most of a linearly polarized laser beam which is reflected by the splitter 27 and transmitted through the shifter 28 toward the prism 35 to the prism 35 in the state of a circularly polarized laser beam after transforming the linearly polarized light into the circularly polarized laser beam. The remaining light is transformed into linearly polarized light in the opposite direction when the light is reflected by the film 28a and again transmitted through the shifter 28. Therefore, the linearly polarized light does not return to a laser diode and the light energy loss of the laser surveying instrument can be prevented.

Integrated lightguide circuit

Abstract: PURPOSE: To provide an optical output splitter which is integrated by a simple method. CONSTITUTION: An optical waveguide circuit is composed of a mode splitter, input guides 1, 4 and 6-1, 1st and 2nd output guides 6-2, 2, 6-3 and 3 and a mode converter 5 combined with the input guides for converting one part of an optical signal Ii in a 1st propagation mode inputted through the input guides to a 2nd propagation mode having a different degree. The mode converter 5 has 1st and 2nd waveguide parts 5-1 and 5-2 mutually adjacent through a single discontinuous part 7. Since these 1st and 2nd waveguide parts 5-1 and 5-2 have a propagation style, two propagation modes having the different degrees are coupled at the discontinuous part and on the other hand, a size X of the discontinuous part determines the ratio of conversion for providing the desired split ratio of output signals I01 and I02 .