Showing papers on "Stigmasterol published in 1984"
TL;DR: The question of whether the diet of human populations at low risk for colon cancer is mirrored in their sterol composition is addressed in this study and it is shown that the absolute amounts of cholesterol consumed as a factor by itself might not be as significant as its relationship to total plant sterols in the diet.
128 citations
TL;DR: The composition of lipids extracted from a sample of millet seeds by each of 8 solvent systems is reported, and contrary to previously published observations, lysophosphatidylcholine was the major phospholipid in Millet seeds.
Abstract: The composition of lipids extracted from a sample of millet seeds by each of 8 solvent systems is reported. Lipid components were separated by silicic acid column and thin layer chromatography (TLC) and quantitated by analysis of fatty acid methyl esters by gas liquid chromatography (GLC), with heptadecanoic acid as internal standard. Best results were obtained by extraction with hot water-saturated butanol. Lipids extracted amounted to 7.2% of the seed dry weight and consisted of 85% neutral lipids, 12% phospholipids and 3% glycolipids. Neutral lipids contained mostly (85%) triacylglycerols and small amounts of mono- and diacylglycerols, sterols and free fatty acids. Sterols consisted of campesterol, stigmasterol and 2 unidentified sterols, occurring in the same proportions in free and esterified forms. Ten glycolipid and 10 phospholipid components were separated and characterized. Contrary to previously published observations, lysophosphatidylcholine was the major phospholipid (42%) in millet seeds; smaller amounts of phosphatidylcholine (24%), lysophosphatidylethanolamine (21%) and trace amounts of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylinositol also were present. The major glycolipids were esterified sterol glycoside, sterol glycoside, monogalactosyldiacylglycerol, digalactosyldiacylglycerol and cerebrosides (ceramide monohexosides).
46 citations
TL;DR: This is the first time codisterol has been found in a higher plant and also the firsttime the structures and configurations of the Δ 5 -sterols from a Cucurbitaceae species have been clearly characterized.
44 citations
TL;DR: The fatty acid composition of a new strain of Rhodotorula glutinis isolated from soil and grown on molasses found to be close to that of palm oil.
Abstract: The fatty acid, sterol and hydrocarbon compositions of oil produced by a new strain of Rhodotorula glutinis isolated from soil and grown on molasses, were determined. The major constituent fatty acids were: palmitic (37%) oleic (47%) and linoleic (8%). The major sterols were campesterol (42%) and stigmasterol (27%) and the major hydrocarbons were n-C23 (37%), iso-C29 (30%) and n-C21 (19%). Minor constituents in each class of lipids were also detected and estimated. The oil produced was 54% on a dry weight basis. The fatty acid composition was found to be close to that of palm oil.
37 citations
Patent•
13 Jun 1984
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a method for making diet vitamin supplements using phytosterol esters, such as esters of sitosterol or stigmasterol, and substituted fructose compounds.
Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds, vitamin supplements, diet pills, and methods for making the same. The vitamin supplements include one or more phytosterol esters, such as esters of sitosterol or stigmasterol, and/or one or more novel substituted fructose compounds. The diet pills within the scope of the invention include antitrypsin, and may be combined with the vitamin supplements to provide diet vitamin supplements.
33 citations
TL;DR: The effects of triarimol, tridemorph and triparanol on sterol biosynthesis in carrot, tobacco and soybean suspension cultures were studied and resulted in the accumulation of 14α-methyl sterols in carrot and tobacco cultures.
Abstract: The effects of triarimol, tridemorph and triparanol on sterol biosynthesis in carrot, tobacco and soybean suspension cultures were studied. The 3 plant species normally contain campesterol, stigmasterol and sitosterol as major sterols. Triarimol inhibited demethylation at C 14 and the second alkylation of the side chain in all 3 species. The primary effects of tridemorph were the inhibition of the opening of the 9β,19-cyclopropane ring and the second alkylation of the side chain. Triparanol treatments resulted in the accumulation of 14α-methyl sterols, and the inhibition of second alkylation in the side chain in carrot and tobacco cultures. Cyclopropyl sterols also accumulated in carrot and tobacco cultures treated with triparanol. Triparanol did not alter the sterol composition of soybean cultures except for decreasing concentrations of campesterol and stigmasterol and increasing amounts of sitosterol.
32 citations
TL;DR: The results obtained by carrying out plate lipolysis for 45 min at 40° compared well with those produced by conventional chemical hydrolysis.
31 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the kernel fat content of 16 different mango varieties collected from the Northwestern part of Madagascar island were examined, and the main sterols were β-sitosterol (47−76%), stigmasterol (12−23%), and campesterol (7−12%).
Abstract: The kernel fat content of 16 different mango varieties collected from the Northwestern part of Madagascar island were examined. The fat content (22–54%) was determined by chloroform/methanol extraction. Investigation by gas liquid chromatography (GLC) revealed 15 fatty acids, mainly palmitic (7–12%), stearic (22–40%), oleic (41–48%) and linoleic (7–17%). Significant correlations were observed among the main fatty acids. Testing for the sterol fraction in 15 mango varieties allowed us to separate and quantitatively analyze 7 sterols by GLC. The main sterols wereβ-sitosterol (47–76%), stigmasterol (12–23%) and campesterol (7–12%). The stigmasterol/campesterol ratio (1.2:2.3) was lower in mango kernel fat than in cocoa butter. Among the 4-methyl sterol fractions, gramisterol, lophenol, obtusifoliol and citrostadienol were tentatively identified by GLC. Lupeol, cycloartenol,α- andβ-amyrins and friedelinol were tentatively identified by GLC in the triterpene alcohols fractions.
23 citations
TL;DR: The Δ7-and Δ5-sterol fractions were isolated from the unsaponifiable matter of ripe, air dried, chestnut seed and at least ten components were found, including cholesterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, sitosterol and Δ4-stigmasten-3-one.
18 citations
TL;DR: From the roots of Vernonia cinerea, a new natural sterol and a new aliphatic acid characterized as stigmast-5,17(20)-dien-3β-ol and 26-methylheptacosanoic acid, respectively, have been isolated together with stigmasterol and sitosterol as discussed by the authors.
16 citations
TL;DR: Various parts of the winged bean plant, Psophocarpus tetragonolobus, were analyzed for sterols and fatty acids and the major sterols were sitosterol, stigmasterol and campesterol.
Abstract: Various parts of the winged bean plant, Psophocarpus tetragonolobus were analyzed for sterols and fatty acids. The major sterols were sitosterol, stigmasterol and campesterol. Sitosterol occurred in greatest amounts except in roots where stigmasterol was the predominant sterol. In seeds, behenic acid (22:0) comprised 13.5% of the total fatty acids, whereas, in the other plant parts it varied from 0.1–6.9%. Leaves contained the highest level of fatty acids, but only 22% of these fatty acids were saturated.
TL;DR: In seeds and leaves of oats (Avena sativa L.) 12 different sterols have been identified and the sterol pattern is qualitatively the same, but the relative composition is different in leaves and in seeds.
Abstract: In seeds and leaves of oats (Avena sativa L.) 12 different sterols (cholesterol, cholstanol, Δ7-cholestenol, campesterol, campestanol, stigmasterol, lophenol, sitosterol, stigmastanol, Δ5-avenasterol, Δ7-avenasterol and Δ7-stigmastenol) have been identified. The sterol pattern is qualitatively the same, but the relative composition is different in leaves and in seeds. Leaves contain mainly sitosterol, stigmasterol, cholesterol and campesterol, but only minor portions of avenasterols. Seeds contain sitosterol, Δ5- and Δ7-avenasterol, campesterol, but only minor amounts of stigmasterol and cholesterol. In leaf lipids 1-hexacosanol (2.35 wt % of total lipid) has also been identified.
TL;DR: A trioxygenated C-8 prenylated coumarin, 5,6,7-trimethoxy-8-(2′,3′-dihydroxyisopentenyl)-coumarin and the laevorotatory form of mexoticin, sibiricin and phebalosin were isolated from the leaves of Murraya gleinei together with the coumarins meranzin hydrate, meranzIN, murralongin, murranion, murrangatin and scopo
TL;DR: Deuterated stigmasterols (10, 11 and 12) were chemically synthesized and fed to silk-worm larvae, and GC-MS analysis of the metabolites, cholesterol (4) and desmosterol (6), indicates the migration of 25-hydrogen to C-24 position during stig masterol dealkylation as mentioned in this paper.
Patent•
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30 Jun 1984
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed to obtain an oil and fat food free from the back-flow of ill-smelling belch from the stomach to the mouth by compounding a triglyceride containing a highly unsaturated fatty acid with a vegetable sterol.
Abstract: PURPOSE: To obtain an oil and fat food free from the back-flow of ill-smelling belch from the stomach to the mouth after taking a highly unsaturated fatty acid, by compounding a triglyceride containing a highly unsaturated fatty acid with a vegetable sterol. CONSTITUTION: A triglyceride containing highly unsaturated fatty acids such as eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, γ-linoleic acid, etc. is compounded with a vegetable sterol such as β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, etc. at a weight ratio of 95:5W5:95, preferably 70:30W30:70. COPYRIGHT: (C)1986,JPO&Japio
TL;DR: Six-day-old barley seedlings were allowed to take up sitosterol and [22, 23- 3 H]sitosterol for 2.5 hr and the incorporation into the sterol fractions was determined after 0, 6, 12 and 24 hr.
TL;DR: On the basis of diets supplemented with lecithin, it is concluded that ergosterol, stigmasterol, sitosterol and perhaps 7-dehydrocholesterol could support growth and development as well, or almost so, as cholesterol.
Abstract: Without sterol in synthetic dietary media Culex pipiens L. could not develop beyond the second instar. With cholesterol as the only dietary lipid, good development to the adult stage occurred, whereas with ergosterol or stigmasterol, development was no better than in the absence of sterol, and with all other phytosterols tested development was variously restricted. When the basic diet incorporated a lipid supplement containing the arachidonic acid needed for newly emerged adults to fly and survive, larval/pupal development and adult viability with ergosterol, stigmasterol, and most phytosterols were as good as with cholesterol. Besides arachidonic acid, the lipid supplement contained an antioxidant, ascorbyl palmitate, and synthetic dipalmitoyl lecithin as a dispersing agent; but with lecithin alone supplementing the basic diet, good development to the adult stage was facilitated with ergosterol, stigmasterol, and other phytosterols, although adults lacking arachidonic acid were not viable. On the basis of diets supplemented with lecithin, we concluded that ergosterol, stigmasterol, sitosterol, 24-methylenecholesterol, fucosterol, desmosterol, and perhaps 7-dehydrocholesterol could support growth and development as well, or almost so, as cholesterol. With cholestanol, development to the fourth instar was good, but nearly all individuals failed to metamorphose. With lathosterol or 22- trans -cholestadienol, development was markedly inferior compared with cholesterol and the well utilized phytosterols, and survival through metamorphosis was severely reduced. These results are discussed in relation to current views on the metabolism of sterols by phytophagous/omnivorous insects.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The sterol fraction of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni contains, essentially, the following sterols: stigmasterol (45,8%), beta-sitosterol (39,4%) and campesterol (13,1%).
Abstract: The sterol fraction of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni contains, essentially, the following sterols: stigmasterol (45,8%), beta-sitosterol (39,4%) and campesterol (13,1%). The individual components were separated, after acetylation, by HPLC with absolute methanol as eluant. The identification of the compounds has been carried out through NMR and MS, while the corresponding percentages have been desumed from the GLC data.
31 Dec 1984
TL;DR: Two sesquiterpene lactones santamarin and reynosin were isolated from the flowers of A. squamatus L. as mentioned in this paper in pure form.
Abstract: Two sesquiterpene lactones santamarin and reynosin were isolated from the flowers of A. squamatus L. In addition a-and β-amyrin, ursolic acid, a mixture of stigmasterol, campesterol and b-sitosterol and an unidentified sesquiterpene lactone were isolated in pure form.
TL;DR: In this article, the sterol groups were separated as 4-desmethylsterol, 4-monomethylsterol and 4, 4'-dimethylsterol by TLC, and their components were determined by GLC.
Abstract: Refined commercially available vegetable oils (soybean, corn, rapeseed and rice bran oils) were heated in glass tubes for AOM test at 200°C for 30h (6h/d), and the changes in the unsaponifiables and desmethylsterol content in these oils were investigated. Individual sterol groups were separated as 4-desmethylsterol, 4-monomethylsterol and 4, 4'-dimethylsterol by TLC, and their components were determined by GLC. The percentage of unsaponifiable matter in the oils was fairly constant during heating, but that of 4-desmethylsterol decreased considerably. In general, the percentage of sitosterol in the 4-desmethylsterol, cycloeucalenol in the 4-monomethylsterol and β-amyrin in the 4, 4'-dimethylsterol, increased with heating. However, the percentage of campesterol and stigmasterol in the 4-desmethylsterol as well as that of obtusifoliol and citrostadienol in the 4-monomethylsterol decreased steadily.