Showing papers on "Translational research informatics published in 2006"

Introduction to nursing informatics

Abstract: FOUNDATION OF NURSING INFORMATICS: 1. Nurses and Informatics 2. Anatomy and Physiology of Computers 3. History of Health Care Computing 4. Telecommunications and Informatics NURSING USE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS: 5. Enterprise Health Information Systems 6. Nursing Aspects of Health Information Systems APPLICATIONS OF NURSING INFORMATICS: 7. Clinical Practice Applications - Facility-based 8. Clinical Practice Applications - Community-based 9. Administration Applications 10. Education Applications 11. Research Applications INFRASTRUCTURE ELEMENTS OF THE INFORMATICS ENVIRONMENT 12. Nursing Data Standards 13. Selection of Software and Hardware 14. Data Protection 15. Ergonomics 16. Usability 17. Disaster Recovery Planning 18. Implementation Concerns PROFESSIONAL NURSING INFORMATICS: 19. A Process Redesign Approach to Successful IT Implementation 20. Nursing Informatics Education: Past, Present, Future 21. The Future for Nurses in Health Informatics Appendix A: Generic Request for Proposal Appendix B: Nursing Informatics Special Interest Groups Appendix C: Sources of Additional Informatics and Health Care Information Appendix D: Professional Societies Appendix E: Academic Informatics Programs Worldwide Appendix F: Transforming Clinical Documentation: Preparing Nurses for Change Appendix G: Research Databases of Interest to Nurses

Healthcare Informatics Research: From Data to Evidence-Based Management

Abstract: Healthcare informatics research is a scientific endeavor that applies information science, computer technology, and statistical modeling techniques to develop decision support systems for improving both health service organizations' performance and patient care outcomes. The analytical strategies include (1) the formulation of a data warehouse for exploration, (2) data mining, (3) the application of confirmatory statistical analysis, (4) simulation via an interface with computer and information system technologies, and (5) translational research. Healthcare informatics research will help to direct evidence-based strategic management.

Standards in Biomedical Informatics

Abstract: After reading this chapter, you should know the answers to these questions: Why are standards important in biomedical informatics? What data standards are necessary to be able to exchange data seamlessly among systems? What organizations are active in standards development? What aspects of biomedical information management are supported today by standards? What is the process for creating consensus standards? What factors and organizations influence the creation of standards?

Reengineering Clinical Research with Informatics

Abstract: The future success of the translational research spectrum depends on the clinical research enterprise9s ability to break through the barriers that constrain its productivity. As more basic science discoveries emerge, our ability to effectively translate this knowledge into improved patient care rests squarely on the manner in which we answer clinical questions. Informatics—the science of effective information use—is poised to help advance the conduct of science. However, incorporating informatics into the enterprise comes with its own set of challenges. To harness the benefits of improved information use, it is important to first establish how information flows within research. A thoughtful implementation of informatics—one that factors in social and organizational nuances—will undoubtedly lead to a more efficient and effective clinical research enterprise.

ABC of Health Informatics

Abstract: ABC of health informatics , ABC of health informatics , کتابخانه مرکزی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران

Integrating imaging informatics into the radiology residency curriculum: rationale and example curriculum.

Abstract: Imaging informatics, as part of the wider emerging discipline of medical informatics, remains poorly defined. However, many educators agree that formalized and flexible training in the collection, display, manipulation, storage, retrieval, and communication of imaging data, as well as the integration of these data into larger databases, should be introduced into the period of radiology residency training. The authors review the importance of such training to those individuals now preparing for clinical practice and research. They describe a sample imaging informatics curriculum that can be incorporated into a 4-year radiology residency program and the significance of such training in establishing a new subdiscipline focusing on imaging information technologies.

A Distributed Information Services Architecture to Support Biomarker Discovery in Early Detection of Cancer

Abstract: Informatics in biomedicine is becoming increasingly interconnected via distributed information services, interdisciplinary correlation, and crossinstitutional collaboration Partnering with NASA, the Early Detection Research Network (EDRN), a program managed by the National Cancer Institute, has been defining and building an informatics architecture to support the discovery of biomarkers in their earliest stages The architecture established by EDRN serves as a blueprint for constructing a set of services focused on the capture, processing, management and distribution of information through the phases of biomarker discovery and validation

Clinical cognition and biomedical informatics: Issues of patient safety.

Abstract: Recent developments in biomedical informatics research have afforded possibilities for great advances in health care delivery. As in most domains, there is a gulf between technologic artifacts and end users, which compromises the culture of safety in the workplace. This necessitates a broadening of disciplinary boundaries to consider cognitive and social factors related to the design and use of technology. The authors argue for a place of prominence for cognitive science in understanding nursing factors associated with patient safety. Cognitive science provides a framework for the analysis and modeling of complex human performance. Studies of clinical cognition can meaningfully inform and shape design, development, and assessment of information systems. Furthermore, they have a decisive impact on whether information technology has a positive influence on human performance and are especially important in understanding and promoting safe practices. These issues are discussed in the context of clinical informatics with a focus on nursing practice.

Where to in the Next Ten Years of Health Informatics Education

Abstract: Objectives: To explore whether education in health/ medical informaticsa should continue to evolve along the lines pursued since the early seventies, or whether a change is advisable. Methods: Roots and key resulting characteristics for European and US American approaches HI education are identified. In Europe holistic approaches based on a synthesis of medicine and informatics (= computer science) with programs ranging from vocational training through university programs to doctoral and postdoctoral programs were characteristic. The US American approaches emphasized the higher levels of education and a diverse selection of specialized subjects. Changes in health and health informatics are summarized. Results: Two types of changes are identified: hightech applications arising at the interface of imaging, robotics, and the -omics (genomics, proteomics, metabolomics), and invasive applications centering on consumer health informatics and a move from curative to prospective health care. Conclusions: It is proposed that curative medicine is adequately served by current educational approaches, but that the move towards prospective health care requires a move towards education and change management for health professionals and health informatics professionals.

Modeling in biomedical informatics--an exploratory analysis (part 1).

Abstract: Objectives: Modeling is a significant part of research, education and practice in biomedical and health informatics. Our objective was to explore, which types of models of processes are used in current biomedical / health informatics research, as reflected in publications of scientific journals in this field. Also the implications for medical informatics curricula were investigated. Methods: Retrospective, prolective observational study on recent publications of the two official journals of the International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA), the International Journal of Medical Informatics (IJMI) and Methods of Information in Medicine (MIM). Results: 384 publications have been analyzed, 190 of IJMI and 194 of MIM. In regular papers (69 in IJMI, 62 in MIM), analyzed here in part 1, all of these model types could be found. In many publications we observed a mixture of models, being used to solve the ‘core’ research questions and also to systematically evaluate the research done. Knowledge of (and models for) software engineering and project management are also often needed. IJMI seems to have a closer focus on research concerning health information systems and electronic patient records, with a strong emphasis on evaluation. MIM seems to have a broader range of research approaches, including also statistical modeling and computational intensive approaches. The aim to provide solutions for problems related to data, information and knowledge processing and to study the general principles of processing data, information and knowledge in medicine and health care in order to contribute to improve the quality of health care, and of research and education in medicine and the health sciences was given in all publications. Conclusions: Modeling continues to be a major task in research, education and practice in biomedical and health informatics. Knowledge and skills concerning a broad range of model types is needed.

Bridging the divide: the need for translational informatics

Abstract: Translational science promises to deliver real benefit to the pharmaceutical industry, reducing attrition and affording high quality, efficacious medicines. The development and use of biomarkers aims to reduce drug development risks and generate a better understanding of disease. Informatics is an essential component of the translational science toolkit; researchers must be able to work effectively with biomarker data, and the capture and reuse of knowledge is vital for long-term success. An analysis of current data and knowledge management practices in the translational science area is presented.

Biomedical informatics research and education at the EuroMISE Center.

Abstract: Objectives: In the paper we described the partial achievements reached by the EuroMISE Center in research and higher education, supporting better healthcare in future information society. Methods: Through the research cooperation, the EuroMISE Centre suggests publicly available tools and methods that allow the application of new technologies for various healthcare organizations and citizens, with a special focus on the national environment of the Czech Republic. It provides a platform for a greater level of research cooperation with the usage of the most up-to-date information and communication technologies and a wide spectrum of clinical and genetic data and knowledge. Results: Results of research and higher education of the EuroMISE Centre in the field of Biomedical Informatics are described in outputs of national and European projects. Further results have been published and/or presented at national and international meetings and incorporated in education and healthcare practice. Conclusions: The long-term effect of postgraduate doctoral education in the field of biomedical informatics consists in the rapid increase of scientists that are needed in the Czech Republic to reach the goals of information society in health care. The multidisciplinary research at the EuroMISE Center moves towards direct usage in the informational support of diagnostics and therapy, mining of the medical databases, and in the customization of healthcare based on the clinical and genetic profile of a patient. Haux R, Kulikowski C, editors. IMIA Yearbook of Medical Informatics 2006. Methods Inf Med 2006; 45 Suppl 1: S166-73.

Knowledge discovery and dissemination: a curriculum model for informatics

Abstract: One area of IT quickly becoming paramount for organizations is the field of Informatics. Informatics is receiving some recognition as a sub-discipline within computer science education with the distinct learning objectives of how to use IT for knowledge discovery and dissemination. This paper describes the growing need for informatics education; a suggested informatics curriculum framework, specific course descriptions; options on how to incorporate informatics as a cognate option for other university programs.

Librarians in the Woods Hole Biomedical Informatics course.

Abstract: What has come to be known as the “Woods Hole course,” Biomedical Informatics, is a week-long course sponsored by the National Library of Medicine which has been offered since 1992. Its participants include librarians, clinicians, educators, and administrators. This article discusses the content of the course and its applicability to medical librarians.

Genomic Databanks for Biomedical Informatics

Abstract: AbstrAct In the area of medical informatics, the recent ICT (information and communication technology) tools and systems supporting knowledge on sciences involved in the study of genes, chromosomes , and protein's expression level in various organisms, that is genomics and proteomics, are becoming necessary to develop new prospects for the comprehension of mechanisms lying at the base of biological processes which cause a disease. This can allow more effective diagnostic and treatment methods and also personalized pharmacological therapies. At this purpose, the mutual intervention of different sciences, such as biology, medicine, engineering, informatics and mathematics, becomes an indispensable step: The development of a science embracing all these fields is identified in bioinformatics, which was conceived for the analysis, storage and processing of huge amount of biological data. The achievement of all the aforementioned operations involves the creation of the so-called genomic or proteomic databanks, which represent a major source of information on nucleotide sequences, as well as biological, clinical, physiological and bibliographical annotations related to singular sequences. There are different types of databanks based on their peculiar characteristics and features (such as primary and derivative or specialized databanks), and several ways to access data stored in these databanks; there are also specific bioinformatics databank-based tools developed to perform searching operations and to extract significant information, in order to summarize and compare gene annotations related to the causes of a disease and finally to identify a list of the most significant genes as cause of disease.

Developing an interactive approach in teaching medical informatics.

Abstract: A new masters program in medical informatics is proposed for development at the University of Medicine and Pharmacy in Timisoara. Given the rapidly changing technology itself and its deployment in biomedical science, the master's program curriculum has to be multidisciplinary, comprehensive and coherent in conveying the concepts, as well as the interdisciplinary character, of medical informatics (MI). We describe the rationale and methods for a pilot study to develop a new, interactive approach in teaching MI. The study is being conducted within the existing MI course offered for the medical students in order to evaluate its impact on instruction and determine if a larger scale design is feasible. Two teaching teams of four instructors have been assigned to one of two tracks in our pilot study: traditional instruction or interactive instruction. After one term we have gained important information about how the structural and instructional aspects of the pilot design may influence confidence and attitudes.

The young person's guide to biomedical informatics.

Abstract: In a retrospective review, a parallel is drawn between the challenges by which a research department in biomedical informatics is confronted and those of a symphony orchestra. In both areas, different disciplines and different groups of instruments can be discerned. The importance of mastering one's instrument and the harmony between the team members is stressed. The conductor has to stimulate the individual players so that they can all have a successful career. Competition between orchestras and performance assessments determine survival and success. A record of refereed publications is crucial for continued existence. Conclusions are that biomedical informatics is typically multidisciplinary, that hypotheses underlying research should be carefully formulated, that the time from research to application may easily take 20 years or more, that mutual trust and knowing each other's competences is essential for success, that a good leader gives enough room to all team members to develop their careers, and that the outcomes of assessment studies are related to the quality of publications.

Reflections on biomedical informatics: from cybernetics to genomic medicine and nanomedicine.

Abstract: Expanding on our previous analysis of Biomedical Informatics (BMI), the present perspective ranges from cybernetics to nanomedicine, based on its scientific, historical, philosophical, theoretical, experimental, and technological aspects as they affect systems developments, simulation and modelling, education, and the impact on healthcare. We then suggest that BMI is still searching for strong basic scientific principles around which it can crystallize. As -omic biological knowledge increasingly impacts the future of medicine, ubiquitous computing and informatics become even more essential, not only for the technological infrastructure, but as a part of the scientific enterprise itself. The Virtual Physiological Human and investigations into nanomedicine will surely produce yet more unpredictable opportunities, leading to significant changes in biomedical research and practice. As a discipline involved in making such advances possible, BMI is likely to need to re-define itself and extend its research horizons to meet the new challenges.

Review of the development of ophthalmic informatics

Abstract: Digitized information technology, which is rising and permeating into other scientific domains, is a major trend of contemporary science development The overlap between ophthalmology and informatics creates ophthalmic informatics, a new and developing discipline Ophthalmic informatics utilizes the computer as the primary tool and with the aid of ophthalmic knowledge, develops a system to analyze patient data and evaluates the accuracy of the system It also provides a new method for the development of traditional ophthalmology In order to let more ophthalmologist to handle the knowledge of ophthalmic informatics and to use it in the practice, this article carries a comprehensive review of ophthalmic informatics, with emphasis on the principle, content and method of ophthalmic informatics Some relevant studies on ophthalmic informatics in China in recent years are enumerated, as well as the basic frame for studying ophthalmic informatics

The Translational Research Informatics (TRI)

Abstract: Summary This paper introduces the Translational Research Informatics (TRI), its definition, its requirements, its technological background, and the perspectives. The TRI is the essential informatics to support the translational research (TR) phase that is a part of the early clinical trial phase. The TR is believed to be a key pipeline for the success of the omics based medicine. We analyzed the requirements to the TRI and defined the required informational technologies. In concrete terms, the integration of data and knowledge is the fundamental technology, and the establishment of the knowledge based prediction is principal to achieve the safe and efficient TR. The TRI is the critical informatics to meet the practical success in this post genomic era.

Current perspectives in nursing informatics

Abstract: Nursing Informatics is the area of knowledge that studies the application of technological resources in teaching, in practice, in care, and in the management of care. Resources such as voice recognition, knowledge base, genoma project and even Internet have offered to Nursing a gama of possibilities for a better professional performance and better nursing care to the patient/client. This text reports and exemplifies how these resources are impacting and presenting new oportunities for teaching, research and specially for nursing care, still warns for the importance of humanized care in a high-tech scenario.

Novel ways to increase medical informatics use by clinicians

Abstract: Medical informatics is a multi disciplinary field, which combines different disciplines of medicine with information technology. Some of the major components of Medical Informatics are Hospital Information System, Computer based patient record, Medical imaging, Telemedicine, Bio informatics and Expert system or Artificial Intelligence, Neural networks and Robotics. In a medical college setting there are data analysis tools like S.P.S.S, presentation tools, e learning and web portals for students. (Rawal Med J 2006;31:38-39).