Showing papers on "Xylanase published in 2022"
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore a novel bacterial species Streptomyces sp. strain MS-S2, isolated from the higher wood-feeding termite, Microcerotermes sp., capable of concurrent degradation and saccharification of wheat straw for the liberation of reducing sugars, which can further be converted to bioethanol.
22 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors explore a novel bacterial species Streptomyces sp. strain MS-S2, isolated from the higher wood-feeding termite, Microcerotermes sp., capable of concurrent degradation and saccharification of wheat straw for the liberation of reducing sugars, which can further be converted to bioethanol.
22 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the potato residue dietary fiber was modified by cellulase and xylanase and the results showed that cellulase/xylanase treatment significantly increased the soluble dietary fiber from 17.45% to 26.82%.
Abstract: Potato residue obtained from industrial by-product is a rich source of dietary fiber. In this study, the potato residue dietary fiber was modified by cellulase and xylanase. The monosaccharide content, morphologic and structural characteristics, functional properties of modified dietary fiber were evaluated. The results show that cellulase/xylanase treatment significantly increased the soluble dietary fiber from 17.45% to 26.82%. The enzymatic modified dietary fiber exhibited higher (p
16 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the potato residue dietary fiber was modified by cellulase and xylanase and the results showed that cellulase/xylanase treatment significantly increased the soluble dietary fiber from 17.45% to 26.82%.
Abstract: Potato residue obtained from industrial by-product is a rich source of dietary fiber. In this study, the potato residue dietary fiber was modified by cellulase and xylanase. The monosaccharide content, morphologic and structural characteristics, functional properties of modified dietary fiber were evaluated. The results show that cellulase/xylanase treatment significantly increased the soluble dietary fiber from 17.45% to 26.82%. The enzymatic modified dietary fiber exhibited higher ( p < 0.05 ) soluble monosaccharide content, a stronger thermostability, and a more porous structure compared to the unmodified dietary fiber. These changes enhanced ( p < 0.05 ) functional properties of potato residue dietary fiber, including water and oil holding capacity, swelling capacity, glucose and cholesterol absorption capacity, cation exchange capacity. Therefore, the cellulase/xylanase modification improved the quality of the dietary fiber and had the potential to increase values of the potato residue in food applications. • Cellulase/xylanase modification significantly increased ( p < 0.05 ) the potato residue soluble dietary fiber content. • Enzymatic treatments disrupted the crystalline structure of potato residue dietary fiber. • Cellulase/xylanase modification improved the functional properties of potato residue dietary fiber.
16 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the quality of effluent generated during enzymatic deinking in respect to BOD and COD level was eco-friendlier than the chemical process, and the enzyme-treated effluent was employed as supporting substrate for butanol (18.4 g/l) production by Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC824.
15 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , paper mulberry (PM) was utilized as a raw material to coproduce xylooligosaccharides (XOS) and single-cell protein (SCP) through autohydrolysis and fermentation technologies.
Abstract: Autohydrolysis is an extensively investigated pretreatment method due to its environmental friendliness. During autohydrolysis, most xylan from hemicellulose can be converted into xylooligosaccharides (XOS), and cellulose in the autohydrolyzed residues can be transformed into glucose after enzymatic hydrolysis. Both of these are value-added biochemicals in the biorefining process. In this work, paper mulberry (PM), which contains abundant protein, was utilized as a raw material to coproduce XOS and single-cell protein (SCP) through autohydrolysis and fermentation technologies.The results showed that 8.3 g of XOS and 1.8 g of amino acids could be recovered in the autohydrolysate (based on 100 g raw material) after autohydrolysis (170 °C, 1 h). Moreover, 5.7 g of low-DP XOS along with 1.8 g of amino acids could be further obtained from the autohydrolysate after hydrolysis with endo-β-1-4-xylanase. In addition, 20.1 g of fermentable monosaccharides was recovered after hydrolyzing the autohydrolyzed PM with cellulase, which can be used to produce 4.8 g of SCP after fermentation with Candida utilis.As a valuable application of PM, a novel process is proposed to coproduce amino acid-rich XOS and SCP through autohydrolysis. The carbohydrate of PM is effectively converted to high value-added products.
14 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a multistep approach for biobutanol production targeting valorization of agricultural waste was undertaken for bioprocessing of low-priced substrates and exploitation of vegetable extract as growth factor for microbial butanol production.
13 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , various Bacillus strains (B. subtilis B.01162, B. coagulans B.00076 and B.01718) were evaluated for the degrading capacity of wheat bran in the submerged medium using enzymatic activities, reducing sugars and weight loss as indicators.
12 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , an integrated approach consisting of hydrothermal pretreatment, alkaline treatment, enzymatic treatment and the combinations thereof was applied to overcome the recalcitrance structure of the wheat straw and allow selective fractioning into fermentable sugars and xylo-oligosaccharides.
Abstract: Xylo-oligosaccharides are sugar oligomers with 2~7 xylose units considered non-digestible fibers that can be produced from biodegradable and low-cost biomass like wheat straw. An integrated approach consisting of hydrothermal pretreatment, alkaline treatment, enzymatic treatment and the combinations thereof was applied to overcome the recalcitrance structure of the wheat straw and allow selective fractioning into fermentable sugars and xylo-oligosaccharides. The hydrolysates and processed solids were chemically characterized by High-performance liquid chromatography and Ion chromatography, and the results were expressed as function of the severity factor and statistically interpreted. The concentration of fermentable sugars (glucose, xylose, arabinose) was the highest after the combination of alkaline and enzymatic treatment with xylanase (18 g/L sugars), while xylo-oligosaccharides (xylotriose and xylotetraose) were released in lower amounts (1.33 g/L) after the same treatment. Refining experiments were carried out to obtain a purified fraction by using anion and cation exchange chromatography. The polymer adsorber resin MN-502 showed efficient removal of salts, phenols and furan derivatives. However, the xylo-oligosaccharides yields were also slightly reduced. Although still requiring further optimization of the treatments to obtain higher purified oligomer yields, the results provide information on the production of xylo-oligosaccharides and fermentable sugars from wheat straw for potential use in food applications.
12 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , an AC-HPAC-pretreated poplar was sequentially hydrolyzed by xylanase and cellulase to produce XOS and monosaccharides.
Abstract: Efficient production of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) from lignocellulosic biomass without preliminary xylan isolation is challenging. Previously, organic acid has been used to produce XOS from lignocelluloses without xylan isolation. However, the knowledge about XOS production from the residual xylan in acid-hydrolyzed lignocelluloses is still unclear. In this study, acetic acid (AC) hydrolysis of poplar was used to produce XOS, then AC-hydrolyzed poplar was delignified by hydrogen peroxide-acetic acid (HPAC) solution. The AC-HPAC-pretreated poplar was sequentially hydrolyzed by xylanase and cellulase to produce XOS and monosaccharides. The results showed that the XOS yield of poplar after AC hydrolysis was 31.6% (based on the xylan in raw poplar). A high lignin removal (94.8%) of AC-hydrolyzed poplar was obtained by HPAC pretreatment. The highest XOS yield based on residual xylan in AC-HPAC-pretreated poplar by xylanase was 17.5%, and finally a total XOS yield of 36.5% based on xylan in raw poplar was achieved. The highest glucose yield was 88.0% with 20 FPU/g dry mass cellulase and 1.0 mg/mL Tween 80. Finally, 65.1 g of XOS was obtained from 1,000 g of poplar through this combined process including AC and xylanase hydrolysis, increased by 2.2 times compared with that from xylanase hydrolysis without AC hydrolysis. This work greatly improves the XOS production from poplar and provides a novel strategy to efficiently transform poplar carbohydrates into XOS and monosaccharides.
12 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, various Bacillus strains (B. subtilis B.01162, B. coagulans B.00076 and B.01718) were evaluated for the degrading capacity of wheat bran in the submerged medium using enzymatic activities, reducing sugars and weight loss as indicators.
TL;DR: In this paper , a mild process for the efficient extraction of the hemicellulose fraction of wheat straw assisted by partial enzymatic hydrolysis with three commercial endo-xylanase cocktails was proposed.
TL;DR: In this paper , the effects of separately or simultaneously inoculating thermophilic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus Z5 and bacterium Geobacillus stearothermophilus B5 on lignocellulose degradation, enzyme activities and humification during rice straw composting were investigated.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors investigated the effect of different commercially available cellulase enzyme cocktails on the production of nanocellulose, using eucalyptus cellulose pulp as a model feedstock.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors showed that the 3-stage fed-batch approach enhanced the glucan conversion yield by 12% in comparison to 14.3% with the selected surfactant (0.5% w/w Ecosurf).
TL;DR: In this paper , Bacillus sp. isolated from snail droppings displayed ability to coproduce cellulase, xylanase and pectinase by solid state fermentation on citrus peel.
TL;DR: In this paper , the immobilization of xylanase from Trichoderma longibrachiatum via ion exchange on 3-propylsulfonic acid (Xyl/Si-SO3) and 3-aminopropyl(Xyl /Si-NH3) functionalized silica gel and covalently on 3 carboxypropyl (XYL/Si−COOH) and silica gels functionalized with 3-amino acid and modified with glutaraldehyde, was performed and the prepared biocatalysts were used for clarification of orange juice.
Abstract: The immobilization of xylanase from Trichoderma longibrachiatum via ion exchange on 3-propylsulfonic acid (Xyl/Si-SO3) and 3-aminopropyl (Xyl/Si-NH3) functionalized silica gel and covalently on 3-carboxypropyl (Xyl/Si−COOH) and silica gel functionalized with 3-aminopropyl and modified with glutaraldehyde (Xyl/Si-Glu) were performed and the prepared biocatalysts were used for clarification of orange juice. The supports and immobilized biocatalysts were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, and thermal gravimetric analysis. Free and all immobilized xylanase samples showed maximal catalytic activity at pH 6.0. The free xylanase and Xyl/Si-NH3 had a maximal catalytic activity at 50 °C, while Xyl/Si-Glu, Xyl/Si−COOH and Xyl/Si-SO3 exhibited their maximal catalytic activities at 60 °C. The Xyl/Si-Glu showed 4.2-fold higher thermal stability than the free xylanase at 50 °C and pH 6.0. The clarity of orange juice was increased by 74.7, 73.6, 59.3, 60.3, and 78.8 % respectively by using free xylanase, Xyl/Si-Glu, Xyl/Si−COOH, Xyl/Si-SO3 and Xyl/Si-NH3 at 50 °C after 180 min treatment time. The reusability studies showed that Xyl/Si-Glu, Xyl/Si−COOH, Xyl/Si-SO3 and Xyl/Si-NH3 retained 77, 71, 11 and 16 %, respectively, of their initial activities after 10 reuses. These results show that Xyl/Si-Glu and Xyl/Si−COOH are better potential candidates than Xyl/Si-SO3 and Xyl/Si-NH3 in fruit juice clarifying processes.
TL;DR: In this article , the GH10 xylanase from Thermoascus aurantiacus expressed by Pichia pastoris was used to extract xylan from sugarcane bagasse and hydrolyzing it using the GH 10 xylan enzyme.
Abstract: Xylooligosaccharides (XOs) are a promising class of prebiotics capable of selectively stimulating the growth of the beneficial intestinal microbiota against intestinal pathogens. They can be obtained from xylan present in residual lignocellulosic material from agriculture. Thus, in this study we produced XOs by extracting xylan from sugarcane bagasse and hydrolyzing it using the GH10 xylanase from Thermoascus aurantiacus expressed by Pichia pastoris. An alkaline method to extract xylan is described, which resulted in 83.40% of xylan recovery and low amounts of cellulose and lignin. The enzymatic hydrolysate exhibited a mixture of XOs containing mainly xylobiose, xylotriose and xylotetraose. These oligosaccharides stimulated the growth of Lactobacillus casei, L. rhamnosus, L. fermentum and L. bulgaricus strains, which were able to produce organic acids, especially acetic acid. These findings demonstrate the possibility to redirect crop by-products to produce XOs and their use as a supplement to stimulate the growth of probiotic strains.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors evaluated the exogenous multi-enzyme mixture (beta-glucanase, cellulase, alpha-amylase, protease, xylanase, and phytase) at 250 mg/kg and multi-species probiotic (Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, L. delbrueckii, l. rhamnosus, Pediococcus acidilactici) at 2 g/kg on the performances of Siberian sturgeon.
Abstract: Abstract The inclusion of exogenous digestive enzymes and probiotics is well established in the aquafeed industry. The mixture of multi-enzymes and probiotics improves the feed utilization and wellbeing of aquatic animals compared to the individual supplementation. Herein, we evaluated the exogenous multi-enzyme mixture (beta-glucanase, cellulase, alpha-amylase, protease, xylanase, and phytase) at 250 mg/kg and multi-species probiotic (Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, L. delbrueckii, L. rhamnosus, L. plantarum, and Pediococcus acidilactici; 1 × 1010 CFU/g for each bacterial strain) at 2 g/kg on the performances of Siberian sturgeon. The final weight, weight gain, SGR, and PER were markedly enhanced while the FCR was reduced in fish fed multi-enzyme and probiotics premix (P<0.05). Multi enzymes and probiotic mixture significantly increased the total body protein content (P˃0.05). Multi enzymes and probiotic mixture also improved the digestibility of crude protein, dry matter, and crude lipids nutrients (P<0.05). The count of goblet cells, microvilli diameter, microvilli length, outer muscle wall diameter, and enterocyte total absorptive surface were markedly increased (P<0.05) by dietary multienzymes and probiotics mixture. The WBCs and neutrophils showed marked improvements (P<0.05). The levels of glucose, triglycerides, blood urea nitrogen, and total bilirubin were markedly higher in fish fed the control than fish fed the multi-enzymes and probiotics mixture (P<0.05). Significantly, Siberian sturgeon-fed dietary multi-enzymes and probiotics had improved lysozyme activity, total immunoglobulin, and total protein in the skin mucus and serum samples (P<0.05). Further, the serum complement C3 and C4 was higher in fish-delivered multi-enzymes and probiotic mixture than in control (P<0.05). In conclusion, dietary probiotics synergistically enhanced the activity of multi-enzymes and resulted in increased feed utilization, nutrient digestibility, and health status of Siberian sturgeon.
TL;DR: The thermostability of an acid-resistant GH11 xylanase (xynA) from Aspergillus niger AG11 was enhanced through systematic modification of its four highly flexible regions (HFRs) predicted using MD simulations to yield the variant xynAm1, a robust candidate for industrial applications in functional foods, feed products, and bioethanol production.
Abstract: In this study, the thermostability of an acid-resistant GH11 xylanase (xynA) from Aspergillus niger AG11 was enhanced through systematic modification of its four highly flexible regions (HFRs) predicted using MD simulations. Among them, HFR I (residues 92-100) and HFR II (residues 121-130) were modified by iterative saturation mutagenesis (ISM), yielding mutants G92F/G97S/G100K and T121V/A124P/I126V/T129L/A130N, respectively. For HFR III, the N-(residues 1-37) and C-termini (residues 179-188) were, respectively, substituted with the corresponding sequences from thermophilic EvXyn11TS and Nesterenkonia xinjiangensis xylanase. N-Glycosylation was introduced into HFR IV (residues 50-70) through site-directed mutation (A55N/D57S/S61N) and the recombinant expression in A. niger AG11. Combining these positive mutations from each HFR yielded the variant xynAm1 with 137.6- and 1.3-fold increases in half-life at 50 °C and specific activity compared to the wild-type xynA, respectively. With the highest thermostability at 80 and 90 °C in reports, xynAm1 could be a robust candidate for industrial applications in functional foods, feed products, and bioethanol production.
TL;DR: In this paper , a Bacillus subtilis strain CP-9 was isolated and characterized from camel dung for efficient fermentation of soybean meal (SBM), which ameliorated physico-chemical characteristics of SBM and improved nutrient digestibility in growing pigs.
Abstract: Soybean meal (SBM) contributes high-quality dietary protein for pigs. However, it also contains antinutritional factors such as allergenic high molecular weight proteins and non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) that limit its use. Therefore, the objective of this study was to screen and characterize a robust Bacillus sp. from camel dung for soybean meal fermentation to improve the digestibility in growing pigs.Molecular characterization revealed that isolate 9 (hereinafter referred to as "CP-9") was a Bacillus subtilis strain. It secreted cellulase (0.07 U ml-1 ), xylanase (1.91 U ml-1 ), and amylase (2.66 U ml-1 ) into the culture supernatant. Isolate CP-9 showed rapid growth on LB agar plates and grew at a wide range of pH (3.0-9.0) and temperatures (23-50°C) in LB broth. Protein profiling of SBM using SDS-PAGE showed a significant reduction of large globular proteins to small peptides after 48 h of fermentation. On a dry matter basis, neutral detergent fibre (NDF) of the fermented SBM (F-SBM) was decreased by 34.25% (from 9.72 to 7.24%) with an increase in CP content by 16.54% (from 48.74 to 56.80%). Pigs fed with a semi-purified diet formulated with F-SBM as the sole source of crude protein had higher (p < 0.05) apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of DM (80.0 vs. 71.7%), ash (55.6 vs. 36.1%), CP (84.2 vs. 78.3%), NDF (70.9 vs. 66.0%), and ADF (62.4 vs. 53.3%) compared with pigs fed with unfermented soybean meal (UF-SBM).A novel Bacillus subtilis strain CP-9 was isolated and characterized from camel dung for efficient fermentation of SBM. This bacterium ameliorates physico-chemical characteristics of F-SBM and improved nutrient digestibility in growing pigs.Our data suggest that a low-cost solid-state SBM fermentation was developed using this newly isolated bacterium. The resultant F-SBM improved the nutrient digestibility in growing pigs.
TL;DR: In this paper , the functional roles of an endo-β-1,4-xylanase on the intestinal health and growth performance of nursery pigs were investigated, and it was shown that xylanase supplementation showed benefits on intestinal health by reducing digesta viscosity, the relative abundance of potentially harmful bacteria, and the oxidative stress in the jejunal mucosa.
Abstract: Abstract This study was conducted to investigate the functional roles of an endo-β-1,4-xylanase on the intestinal health and growth performance of nursery pigs. A total of 60 pigs (21 d old, 6.9 ± 0.8 kg body weight [BW]) were allotted based on a randomized complete block design with sex and initial BW as blocks. Dietary treatments had nutrients meeting the requirements with increasing levels of endo-β-1,4-xylanase (0, 220, 440, 880, 1,760 xylanase unit [XU] per kg feed) and fed to pigs in three phases (phases 1, 2, and 3 for 10, 14, and 14 d, respectively). Titanium dioxide (0.4%) was added to the phase 3 diets as an indigestible marker. On day 38, all pigs were euthanized to collect ileal digesta to measure apparent ileal digestibility (AID), jejunal digesta to measure viscosity, and jejunal mucosa to evaluate intestinal health. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure for polynomial contrasts and the NLMIXED procedure for broken line analysis of SAS. Increasing xylanase in the nursery diets reduced (linear, P < 0.05) the digesta viscosity in the jejunum. Increasing xylanase tended to reduce the relative abundance of Cupriavidus (P = 0.073) and Megasphaera (P = 0.063); tended to increase the relative abundance of Succinivibrio (P = 0.076) and Pseudomonas (P = 0.060); and had a quadratic effect (P < 0.05) on the relative abundance of Acinetobacter (maximum: 2.01% at 867 XU per kg feed). Xylanase from 0 to 1,087 XU per kg feed reduced (P < 0.05) jejunal malondialdehyde. Xylanase from 0 to 1,475 XU per kg feed increased (P < 0.05) the AID of neutral detergent fiber. Increasing xylanase increased (P < 0.05) the AID of ether extract and tended to increase (P = 0.058) the AID of crude protein. Increasing xylanase did not affect growth performance on overall period, whereas xylanase from 0 to 736 XU per kg feed increased (P < 0.05) average daily gain (ADG) during days 31 to 38. In conclusion, xylanase supplementation showed benefits on intestinal health by reducing digesta viscosity, the relative abundance of potentially harmful bacteria, and the oxidative stress in the jejunal mucosa, collectively enhancing intestinal morphology and the AID of nutrients. Xylanase supplementation at a range of 750 to 1,500 XU per kg feed provided benefits associated with reduced oxidative stress, increased nutrient digestibility, resulting in potential improvement on growth performance of nursery pigs by increasing the average daily feed intake and moderately improving the ADG throughout the last week of feeding.
TL;DR: An approach has been made to highlight five enzymes namely amylase, cellulase, laccase, pectinase, and xylanase from different sources with special emphasis on their properties, mechanism, applications, production optimization, purification, molecular approaches for its enhanced and stable production, and also biotechnological perspectives of its future development.
Abstract: Various studies have shown that the microbial proteins are often more stable than belongs to other sources like plant and animal origin. Hence, the interest in microbial enzymes has gained much attention due to many potential applications like bioenergy, biofuel production, biobleaching, bioconversion and so on. Additionally, recent trends revealed that the interest in isolating novel microbes from harsh environments have been the main focus of many scientists for various applications. Basically, industrially important enzymes can be categorized into mainly three groups: carbohydrases, proteases, and lipases. Among those, the enzymes especially carbohydrases involved in production of sugars. Carbohydrases include amylases, xylanases, pectinases, cellulases, chitinases, mannases, laccases, ligninases, lactase, glucanase, and glucose oxidase. Thus, here, an approach has been made to highlight five enzymes namely amylase, cellulase, laccase, pectinase, and xylanase from different sources with special emphasis on their properties, mechanism, applications, production optimization, purification, molecular approaches for its enhanced and stable production, and also biotechnological perspectives of its future development. Also, green and sustainable catalytic conversion strategies using nanoparticles of these enzymes have also been discussed. This review will provide insight into the carbohydrases importance and their usefulness that will help to the researchers working in this field.
TL;DR: In this article , a wood-rotting fungal Xylaria species under solid-state fermentation (SoSF) at ambient temperatures was used to pre-treat Napier grass, including Alafal, Pakchong 1, and Merkeron varieties, and sugarcane.
TL;DR: The results confirmed that the combination of enzyme-polymer conjugates and W/W droplet-based microfluidic system is a low-cost and high catalytic efficiency method for biocatalysis.
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of the application of enzymes in procedure for pectin extraction from butternut squash (Cucurbita moschata) on characteristics and properties of isolated fiber was studied.
TL;DR: In this paper , the effect of the application of enzymes in procedure for pectin extraction from butternut squash (Cucurbita moschata) on characteristics and properties of isolated fiber was studied.
TL;DR: In this paper , the xylanase and feruloyl esterase domains of the Xyn-Fae bifunctional enzyme were identified using N- and C-terminal truncation mutagenesis.
TL;DR: In this paper , the acetic acid/sodium acetate conjugate system (AC/SA) was used to prepare xylooligosaccharides (XOS) from poplar.
TL;DR: In this article , a review summarizes recent researches on enzymatic treatment of cellulose fibers for the production of nanocellulose nanomaterials, with focus on novel enzymatics processes with xylanase and lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMO) to enhance the efficacy of cellulase.