Alan D. Salama

TL;DR: This study confirms that the pathogenesis of ANCA-associated vasculitis has a genetic component, shows genetic distinctions between granulomatosis with polyang iitis and microscopic polyangiitis that are associated with ANCA specificity, and suggests that the response against the autoantigen proteinase 3 is a central pathogenic feature ofproteinase 3 ANCA -associated vasulitis.

TL;DR: A central role for PD-1–PD-L1 interaction in the regulation of induction and progression of autoimmune diabetes in the NOD mouse is demonstrated and the rationale to develop new therapies to target this costimulatory pathway in this disease is provided.

TL;DR: The programmed death-1 (PD-1) costimulatory pathway plays a critical role in regulating peripheral tolerance in murine EAE and appears to be a major contributor to the resistance of disease induction in CD28-deficient mice.

TL;DR: Rituximab was effective remission induction therapy for refractory ANCA-associated vasculitis in this study and there was no difference in efficacy between the 2 main treatment regimens.

TL;DR: These are the first data establishing that regulatory CD8+CD28- T cells occur in normal mice and play a critical role in disease resistance in CD28-/- animals.