We describe monocrystalline graphitic films, which are a few atoms thick but are nonetheless stable under ambient conditions, metallic, and of remarkably high quality. The films are found to be a two-dimensional semimetal with a tiny overlap between valence and conductance bands, and they exhibit a strong ambipolar electric field effect such that electrons and holes in concentrations up to 10 13 per square centimeter and with room-temperature mobilities of ∼10,000 square centimeters per volt-second can be induced by applying gate voltage.

http://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/306/5696/666.full.pdf

Electric Field Effect in Atomically Thin Carbon Films

다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1（PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员，通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。

疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]／Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

[신간의 별자리x] 우리/미술, 그리고 ‘슬픔의 박물관’

Many potential applications have been proposed for carbon nanotubes, including conductive and high-strength composites; energy storage and energy conversion devices; sensors; field emission displays and radiation sources; hydrogen storage media; and nanometer-sized semiconductor devices, probes, and interconnects. Some of these applications are now realized in products. Others are demonstrated in early to advanced devices, and one, hydrogen storage, is clouded by controversy. Nanotube cost, polydispersity in nanotube type, and limitations in processing and assembly methods are important barriers for some applications of single-walled nanotubes.

http://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/297/5582/787.full.pdf

Carbon Nanotubes--the Route Toward Applications

Summary form only given. Diffusion-limited reactions of A + B /spl rarr/ 0 type on one-dimensional lattice ( 10E5 sites with PBC ) in the presence of particle source ( photogeneration of unlike charged solitons ) has been studied by using of proposed biased random walking model. The particles distribution has been studied by using of pair-correlation functions. The dependences of steady-state concentrations and relaxation times on the system parameters - rate of photogeneration, external electric field have been obtained. The phenomenon of stochastic aggregation of unlike charged particles has been found in case of random initial particles distribution. The results have been compared with analytical and experimental data on photoinduced conductivity in oriebted (CH)/sub x/.

Kinetics of one-dimensional diffusion-limited reactions in (CH)/sub x/ chain in the presence of particle input and external electric field: computer simulation

Biscrolled carbon nanotube composite yarns for multifunctional applications in energy conversion and storage

In our work, we investigate photonic bandgap (PBG) structures coated by nonlinear covering as systems that are of interest for possible applications in the all-optical adders and logical gates. Two principal schemes of an all-optical adder based on the 1D PBG materials containing optically nonlinear layers are discussed. It is shown that the only nonlinear layer covering linear photonic crystal gives effective signal control and signal processing. Theoretical estimations of the adder cell parameters are made for Si/SiO2 photonic crystals covered with layers made from nonlinear doped glasses. The calculated angular-frequency diagrams exhibited extremely sensitive areas inside the total reflection range, where the weak nonlinearity leads to dramatic change in light reflection and transmission.© (2008) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

All-optical logical gates built on optically linear bandgap structures covered with nonlinear material

Weak dopants, like C60, (which have LUMO level within the band gap of conducting polymer (CP)) may provide various types of interactions with self-localized (SL) excitations of CP chain: solitons (S˚, S), polaron/bipolarons (P/BP) or excitonpolarons (Ex), whose electronic levels are also located deeply inside the gap. In the present paper we analyse some types of interactions: 1) “Chemical reaction” type charge transfer (CT) processes between charged (P/BP, S) and neutral (S˚, Ex) excitations with C60 molecules intercallated between chains of CP. We stress the important role of SL states of C60 molecule itself: string type polarons (Pc) and bipolarons BP2- c in ttie stabilisation of this reactions through reorientations of string P− c/BP2- c relatively to CP chains resulting ui suppression of backward CT recombination. 2) The C60 mediated interchain hoping of electrons is considered withitin Holstein-Rashba molecular chain polaron approximation, which allows to find exact analytical solutions for...

Interaction of Self-Localized Excitations with C60 Weak Dopants in Conducting Polymers

http://absimage.aps.org/image/MAR10/MWS_MAR10-2009-008135.pdf

Anvar A. Zakhidov

Papers

Kinetics of one-dimensional diffusion-limited reactions in (CH)/sub x/ chain in the presence of particle input and external electric field: computer simulation

Biscrolled carbon nanotube composite yarns for multifunctional applications in energy conversion and storage

All-optical logical gates built on optically linear bandgap structures covered with nonlinear material

Interaction of Self-Localized Excitations with C60 Weak Dopants in Conducting Polymers

Self Assembled Dipole Monolayers on CNTs: Effect on Transport and Charge Collection