Arthur C. Ouwehand

TL;DR: Intestinal mucus glycoproteins extracted from faeces of healthy adult subjects were used as a substratum for bacterial adhesion to investigate the effects of physical, chemical and enzymatic pre-treatments of the bacteria on their adhesion.

TL;DR: A comparative study on adhesion of the well characterized probiotic bacteria L. johnsonii La1 and L. rhamnosus GG with respect to the influence of bacterial growth conditions, growth phase, buffer, pH, and mucus onAdhesion properties is summarized to allow a critical evaluation on the reliability of the in vitro adhesion assays.

TL;DR: It is indicated that probiotics produce bioactive metabolites, suggesting that consumption of specific probiotic bacteria might be beneficial in protecting intestinal epithelial cells from the deleterious effects of pathogenic bacteria.

TL;DR: It is suggested that the relationship between in vitro and in vivo adhesion and the significance of adhesion for probiotic efficacy should be further investigated and adhesive and low-adhesive isogenic strains would appear to be the best tools.

TL;DR: XOS induce bifidogenesis, improve aspects of the plasma lipid profile and modulate the markers of immune function in healthy adults, and the provision of XOS+Bi-07 as a synbiotic may confer further benefits due to the discrete effects of Bi-07 on the gut microbiota and markers ofimmune function.