D. J. Stevenson

TL;DR: Juno’s first close pass over Jupiter provides answers and fresh questions about the giant planet, including images of weather in the polar regions and measurements of the magnetic and gravitational fields and microwaves to peer below the visible surface.

TL;DR: It is reported that the measured odd gravitational harmonics J3, J5, J7 and J9 indicate that the observed jet streams extend down to depths of thousands of kilometres beneath the cloud level, probably to the region of magnetic dissipation at a depth of about 3,000 kilometres.

TL;DR: Juno is a PI-led mission to Jupiter, the second mission in NASA’s New Frontiers Program as mentioned in this paper, which carries eight science instruments that perform nine science investigations (radio science utilizes the communications antenna).

TL;DR: It is found that the deep interior of the planet rotates nearly as a rigid body, with differential rotation decreasing by at least an order of magnitude compared to the atmosphere, making it fully consistent with the constraints obtained independently from the odd gravitational harmonics.

TL;DR: Measurements of Jupiter’s gravity harmonics are reported through precise Doppler tracking of the Juno spacecraft in its polar orbit around Jupiter, finding a north–south asymmetry, which is a signature of atmospheric and interior flows.