Gerald L. Kennedy

TL;DR: The hepatocellular tumors observed in rats are likely to have been the result of the activation of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α (PPARα), and the proposed mechanism for Leydig-cell tumor formation is of questionable relevance to humans.

TL;DR: The toxicokinetic profiles of various PFAAs among animal models and humans, and the biological processes that are responsible for these observations are addressed, to examine the possible modes of action that determine the PFAA toxicities observed in animal models, and their relevance to human health risks.

TL;DR: There were no APFO-related macroscopic or microscopic changes, changes in clinical chemistry, hormones, or urinalysis, or hematological effects, and effects that have been associated with the development of pancreatic and testicular toxicity in rats were not observed in this study.

TL;DR: The potential reproductive toxicity of APFO across two generations of offspring was studied using current EPA OPPTS 870.3800 guidelines and Reproductive endpoints including mating, fertility, and natural delivery were not affected in either generation.

TL;DR: In both rats and mice, the overall responses to the linear/branched and the linear forms of PFOA were similar, but the branched form appears to be less potent.