Harry G. Rittenhouse

TL;DR: Recommendations to encourage optimal use of tumor markers for 5 cancer sites were critically reviewed and alpha-fetoprotein, human chorionic gonadotropin, and lactate dehydrogenase are recommended for diagnosis/case finding, staging, prognosis determination, recurrence detection, and therapy monitoring.

TL;DR: The APTIMA® PCA3 assay combines simple specimen processing with precise assays and existing instruments and could add specificity to the current algorithm for prostate cancer diagnosis.

TL;DR: PCA3 is independent of prostate volume, serum prostate specific antigen level and the number of prior biopsies and logistic regression results suggest that the PCA3 score could be incorporated into a nomogram for improved prediction of biopsy outcome.

TL;DR: In men undergoing repeat prostate biopsy to rule out cancer, the urinary PCA3 score was superior to serum PSA determination for predicting the biopsy outcome, suggesting that thePCA3 assay could have an important role in prostate cancer diagnosis.

TL;DR: Several new biomarkers for individuals with raised PSA concentrations or those diagnosed with prostate cancer are likely to identify individuals who can be spared aggressive treatment and several pharmacological agents such as 5α-reductase inhibitors and aspirin could prevent development of prostate cancer.