There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

This ebook is the first authorized digital version of Kernighan and Ritchie's 1988 classic, The C Programming Language (2nd Ed.). One of the best-selling programming books published in the last fifty years, "K&R" has been called everything from the "bible" to "a landmark in computer science" and it has influenced generations of programmers. Available now for all leading ebook platforms, this concise and beautifully written text is a "must-have" reference for every serious programmers digital library.

As modestly described by the authors in the Preface to the First Edition, this "is not an introductory programming manual; it assumes some familiarity with basic programming concepts like variables, assignment statements, loops, and functions. Nonetheless, a novice programmer should be able to read along and pick up the language, although access to a more knowledgeable colleague will help."

The C programming language

International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors 2003の要求清浄度について － シリコンウエハ表面と雰囲気環境に要求される清浄度, 分析方法の現状について －

To study the operational behaviour of λ-terms, we will use the denotational (mathematical) approach. A denotational semantics for a language is based on the choice of a space of semantics values, or denotations, where terms are to be interpreted. Choosing a space with nice mathematical properties can help in proving the semantic properties of terms, since to this aim standard mathematical techniques can be used.

λ Δ -Models

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[서평]「Computer Organization and Design, The Hardware/Software Interface」

Sound diffusion techniques are currently widely employed in the modern music allowing new composition styles and sound movement scenarios to be developed. Multichannel sound diffusion systems are built so as to provide the user with an opportunity to independently control several input channels through the desired output channels. The system MIAUDIO described in the paper allows using up to 8 input channels that can be mixed in real-time through 32 output speakers. The core part of the system which performs the desired audio mixture algorithm was implemented in a Spartan-3E Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). The mixture parameters are supplied by a host computer communicating with the FPGA via USB port. The complete system was successfully implemented and tested. The resulting solution has very low cost and was developed in relatively short time.

/pdf/reconfigurable-digital-audio-mixer-for-electroacoustic-music-3q5w4w7gxo.pdf

Reconfigurable Digital Audio Mixer for Electroacoustic Music

In this paper, we aim to identify online teaching and learning practices that would be beneficial for blended and traditional on-campus education within STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) courses. Our university, as well as the majority of higher education institutions worldwide, has had few to no experience in delivering full online courses before 2020. The teaching process was, however, severely affected and modified by the COVID-19 pandemic, forcing an abrupt and unprepared shift towards online education. In this work, we look at the pandemic as causing a very favorable side effect that forced the university to study, test, apply, and evaluate the benefits and drawbacks of online education and assessment methods. The study is a result of joint efforts from different departments at the University of Aveiro, Portugal, connected to STEM undergraduate and graduate programs and is based on a questionnaire targeted towards students. In total, 167 valid STEM students’ answers have been collected and analyzed, both quantitatively and qualitatively. As the result, the best teaching and learning practices are identified and the main difficulties and obstacles experienced by students are detected. Some of the problems are common to many higher education institutions, such as the lack of teacher preparation in delivering quality online synchronous and asynchronous classes, technical limitations (network bandwidth/weak equipment), ineffective communication during synchronous classes, gaps in student skills, and low activity of some students and even teachers. We believe that the presented results would allow for improving future on-campus, distance, and blended learning courses, particularly through avoiding less effective teaching and assessment methods and favoring those techniques that students consider more efficient. This ultimately would lead to a more rewarding teaching/learning experience.

/pdf/enriching-traditional-higher-stem-education-with-online-1xfwrw97.pdf

Enriching Traditional Higher STEM Education with Online Teaching and Learning Practices: Students’ Perspective

The paper analyses and compares alternative iterative and recursive implementations of combinatorial search algorithms in hardware (in field-programmable gate arrays - FPGA, in particular). The results of experiments and comparisons for three widely used problems from this scope are presented, namely for the Boolean satisfiability, binary matrix covering, and graph coloring. The relevant comparative data have been obtained as a result of synthesis and implementation in FPGAs of the respective circuits from VHDL specifications.

Recursive versus Iterative Algorithms for Solving Combinatorial Search Problems in Hardware

The paper describes two methods for the design of matrix-oriented SAT solvers based on data compression. The first one provides matrix compression in a host computer and decompression in an FPGA. It is shown that although some improvements have been achieved in this case, there exists a better solution. The second method makes possible to execute operations required for solving the SAT problem over compressed matrices.

/pdf/hardware-software-implementation-of-fpga-targeted-matrix-3vui2ls9vl.pdf

Hardware/Software Implementation of FPGA-Targeted Matrix-Oriented SAT Solvers

Many practical data-processing algorithms fail to execute efficiently on general-purpose CPUs (Central Processing Units) due to the sequential matter of their operations and memory bandwidth limitations. To achieve desired performance levels, reconfigurable (FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array)-based) hardware accelerators are frequently explored that permit the processing units’ architectures to be better adapted to the specific problem/algorithm requirements. In particular, network-based data-processing algorithms are very well suited to implementation in reconfigurable hardware because several data-independent operations can easily and naturally be executed in parallel over as many processing blocks as actually required and technically possible. GPUs (Graphics Processing Units) have also demonstrated good results in this area but they tend to use significantly more power than FPGA, which could be a limiting factor in embedded applications. Moreover, GPUs employ a Single Instruction, Multiple Threads (SIMT) execution model and are therefore optimized to SIMD (Single Instruction, Multiple Data) operations, while in FPGAs fully custom datapaths can be built, eliminating much of the control overhead. This review paper aims to analyze, compare, and discuss different approaches to implementing network-based hardware accelerators in FPGA and programmable SoC (Systems-on-Chip). The performed analysis and the derived recommendations would be useful to hardware designers of future network-based hardware accelerators.

/pdf/a-survey-of-network-based-hardware-accelerators-cygmyi3z.pdf

Iouliia Skliarova

Papers

Reconfigurable Digital Audio Mixer for Electroacoustic Music

Enriching Traditional Higher STEM Education with Online Teaching and Learning Practices: Students’ Perspective

Recursive versus Iterative Algorithms for Solving Combinatorial Search Problems in Hardware

Hardware/Software Implementation of FPGA-Targeted Matrix-Oriented SAT Solvers

A Survey of Network-Based Hardware Accelerators