Juergen Rehm

TL;DR: The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2010 (GBD 2010) as discussed by the authors was used to estimate the burden of disease attributable to mental and substance use disorders in terms of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), years of life lost to premature mortality (YLLs), and years lived with disability (YLDs).

TL;DR: The present report presents much improved cost estimates for the total cost of disorders of the brain in Europe in 2010, covering 19 major groups of disorders, 7 more than previously, of an increased range of age groups and more cost items.

TL;DR: Findings indicate that alcohol impacts many disease outcomes causally, both chronic and acute, and injuries, and a pattern of heavy episodic drinking increases risk for some disease and all injury outcomes.

TL;DR: The burden of disease attributable to alcohol and drug use varied substantially across geographical locations, and much of this burden was due to the effect of substance use on other health outcomes.

TL;DR: In 2015 alcohol use and tobacco smoking use between them cost the human population more than a quarter of a billion disability-adjusted life years, with illicit drugs costing further tens of millions.