Showing papers in "European Neuropsychopharmacology in 2011"

TL;DR: The true size and burden of disorders of the brain in the EU was significantly underestimated in the past, and Concerted priority action is needed at all levels, including substantially increased funding for basic, clinical and public health research and policy decisions.

TL;DR: The present report presents much improved cost estimates for the total cost of disorders of the brain in Europe in 2010, covering 19 major groups of disorders, 7 more than previously, of an increased range of age groups and more cost items.

TL;DR: A review of the literature was conducted to ascertain mechanisms of action of these botanicals, in addition to a systematic review of controlled clinical trials for treatment of mood, anxiety and sleep disorders, which are common comorbid psychiatric disorders.

TL;DR: Evidence from clinical and animal studies suggests that there is a "window of opportunity" in the early aftermath of trauma to help those who are vulnerable to the development of chronic PTSD.

TL;DR: SGAs do not behave as a homogeneous group in children and adolescents with psychotic and mood disorders, and the heterogeneity within the SGA group is mainly due to differences in the rates and severity of adverse events, especially regarding weight gain as a proxy for the risk of cardiometabolic disturbances.

TL;DR: This review will focus on the recent advances that have been gleaned from the use of pre-clinical models to further the understanding of how the circadian system regulates mood.

TL;DR: The study of circadian phenotypes and circadian genes in mood spectrum disorders represents a major field of research that may yet reveal the pathophysiological determinants of these disorders.

TL;DR: It is suggested that IR expression and its signaling pathways in hippocampal CA1 and CA3 regions are involved in memory functions and STZ (ICV) induced memory deficit.

TL;DR: It is hypothesize that suppression of the central ghrelin signaling system via GHS-R1A provides an interesting therapeutic target to treat hyperactivity in patients suffering from anorexia nervosa.

TL;DR: Findings suggest that the choice of a specific treatment should be guided primarily by the safety profile of specific antipsychotics, considering specific risk factors for the single patient.

TL;DR: Early change in positive rather than negative emotions best predicted response to treatment, supporting the notion that antidepressants activate resilience-like mechanisms and monitoring of positive emotions in early stages of treatment may improve clinical decision making.

TL;DR: Behavioral changes evoked by SIR are associated with cortico-striatal oxidative stress that is reversed by clozapine treatment, providing novel insight into the neurobiology and treatment of schizophrenia.

TL;DR: There is limited and inconsistent evidence for long-term advantage of medication treatment beyond symptom control, such as improved social functioning, academic achievement, employment status and less adverse psychiatric outcome.

TL;DR: The proportions of costs components of PD vary notably; variations were due to differences in country-specific health system characteristics, macro economic conditions, as well as frequencies of resource use and price differences.

TL;DR: The recommendations of the summit plus details of the background and analyses of the problem are presented, which will be widely circulated within Europe and elsewhere.

TL;DR: Results from clinical trials with agomelatine have shown that it is efficacious in both the acute phase and the continuation phase of treatment of depression, and efficacy has also been demonstrated in severe depression and in treating anxiety symptoms associated with major depression.

TL;DR: Findings suggest that antidepressant subtypes are associated with distinct alterations of the HPA axis, and TCA users, who showed a flattened CAR, displayed the strongest alterations of salivary cortisol.

TL;DR: Altered alterations in the components of TCA cycle are adequate to alter the rate of brain metabolism and suggest that deficiencies in mitochondrial enzymes can be associated with mental disease that takes the form of schizophrenia.

TL;DR: Data show that agomelatine has beneficial effects on hippocampal neurogenesis in the CMS paradigm, and this stress model differentially affected distinct stages of the Neurogenesis process.

TL;DR: Patients with a higher CGI-BP overall score at baseline, who had depressive episodes in the year before inclusion and who had poor social functioning were less likely to achieve remission or recovery, and impairment of work and social functioning was consistently associated with lower remission and recovery rates.

TL;DR: Data show that PNU-282987 has efficacy to reverse PCP-induced deficits in two paradigms of relevance to schizophrenia, and suggests that activation of α7 nAChRs, may represent a suitable strategy for improving cognitive deficits of relevance in schizophrenia.

TL;DR: It is suggested that genes involved in apoptosis, neurogenesis, synaptic transmission, protein metabolic process or learning and memory could form part of the altered "molecular context" underlying depressive-like behaviour in animal models.

TL;DR: Findings show that variation in 5-HTT gene expression produces robust changes in anxiety and species-typical behaviour, and add further support to findings that variation of 5- HTT expression in the human population is linked to changes inxiety-related personality traits.

TL;DR: Examination of behavioural responses and hippocampal cytoarchitecture of a maternal restraint stress paradigm of PS in C57BL6 mice provides evidence for functional female-specific glial deficits within the hippocampus as a consequence of PS.

TL;DR: Conclusively, correlates of inter-individual differences in stress resilience can be identified both at gene expression and oxidative metabolism levels.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that central leptin injections in the lateral ventricle and local injections of leptin into the ventral tegmental area (VTA) suppress running wheel activity and support that falling levels of leptin result in increased activity levels because of decreased leptin signaling in the VTA, part of the mesolimbic reward system.

TL;DR: Compared with viewing neutral faces, citalopram enhanced left anterior cingulate blood oxygen level dependent response to happy faces, right posterior insula and right lateral orbitofrontal responses to sad faces, and reduced amygdala responses bilaterally to fearful faces.

TL;DR: An imbalance in ADNP/ADNP2 expression in the brain may impact disease progression in schizophrenia, and relative brain mRNA transcripts of both proteins compared with control subjects are measured.

TL;DR: The qualification of biomarkers in the pre-dementia stage of Alzheimer's disease will allow better inclusion criteria of patients in pre-Dementia trials in which the benefit/risk is higher for treatment with these novel compounds.

TL;DR: This randomized clinical trial showed that executive function deficits do not moderate the response to methylphenidate and measures ofexecutive function deficits are not associated with response to OROS-MPH.