Mark P. Lythgoe

TL;DR: Currently registered interventional clinical trials for the treatment and prevention of COVID-19 are reviewed to provide an overall summary and insight into the global response.

TL;DR: Preexisting IBD increases the risk of severeGI adverse events in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors, and anti–cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 therapy was associated with increased risk of GI adverse events.

TL;DR: The size and speed of the COVID-19 clinical trials agenda is unprecedented, however, most trials were small investigating a small fraction of treatment options, and many trials may end in futility, wasting research resources.

TL;DR: It is to be hoped that the knowledge gained from such initiatives will provide tools to the industry, academia, and regulators to select optimal noninflammatory but immunogenic and effective vaccine adjuvant combinations, thereby shortening product development cycles and identifying unsuitable vaccine candidates that would fail in expensive late stage development or postmarketing.

TL;DR: The integration of "omics" technologies and advanced clinical imaging offer the potential to reduce the risk, and so cost, of drug development in PAH and bring much needed new medicines to those patients most likely to benefit with greater efficiency.