Mark S. Twickler

TL;DR: In this paper, the chemical composition of the atmosphere was dynamic during the Holocene epoch and concentrations of sea salt and terrestrial dusts increased in Summit snow during the periods 0 to 600, 2400 to 3100, 5000 to 6100, 7800 to 8800, and more than 11,300 years ago.

TL;DR: The Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 glaciochemical series (sodium, potassium, ammonium, calcium, magnesium, sulfate, nitrate, and chloride) provides a unique view of the chemistry of the atmosphere and the history of atmospheric circulation over both the high latitudes and mid-low latitudes of the northern hemisphere as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: Sulfate concentrations from continuous biyearly sampling of the GISP2 Greenland ice core provide a record of potential climate-forcing volcanism since 7000 B.C. with sulfate deposition equal to or up to five times that of the largest known historical eruptions.

TL;DR: High-resolution, continuous multivariate chemical records from a central Greenland ice core provide a sensitive measure of climate change and chemical composition of the atmosphere over the last 41,000 years.

TL;DR: A north-to-south directionality of the abrupt climatic signal is demonstrated, which is propagated to the Southern Hemisphere high latitudes by oceanic rather than atmospheric processes, which confirms a central role for ocean circulation in the bipolar seesaw.