Journal ArticleDOI
Complexity of Holocene Climate as Reconstructed from a Greenland Ice Core
S. R. O'Brien,Paul Andrew Mayewski,L. D. Meeker,D. A. Meese,Mark S. Twickler,Sallie I. Whitlow +5 more
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TLDR
In this paper, the chemical composition of the atmosphere was dynamic during the Holocene epoch and concentrations of sea salt and terrestrial dusts increased in Summit snow during the periods 0 to 600, 2400 to 3100, 5000 to 6100, 7800 to 8800, and more than 11,300 years ago.Abstract:
Glaciochemical time series developed from Summit, Greenland, indicate that the chemical composition of the atmosphere was dynamic during the Holocene epoch. Concentrations of sea salt and terrestrial dusts increased in Summit snow during the periods 0 to 600, 2400 to 3100, 5000 to 6100, 7800 to 8800, and more than 11,300 years ago. The most recent increase, and also the most abrupt, coincides with the Little Ice Age. These changes imply that either the north polar vortex expanded or the meridional air flow intensified during these periods, and that temperatures in the mid to high northern latitudes were potentially the coldest since the Younger Dryas event.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Holocene climate variability
Paul Andrew Mayewski,Eelco E. Rohling,J. Curt Stager,Wibjörn Karlén,Kirk A. Maasch,L. David Meeker,Eric A. Meyerson,Françoise Gasse,Shirley A van Kreveld,Karin Holmgren,Julia A. Lee-Thorp,Gunhild Rosqvist,Frank Rack,Michael Staubwasser,Ralph R Schneider,Eric J. Steig +15 more
TL;DR: In this paper, an examination of similar to50 globally distributed paleoclimate records reveals as many as six periods of significant rapid climate change during the time periods 9000-8000, 6000-5000, 4200-3800, 3500-2500, 1200-1000, and 600-150 cal yr B.P.
Journal ArticleDOI
Holocene climatic instability: A prominent, widespread event 8200 yr ago
Richard B. Alley,Paul Andrew Mayewski,Todd Sowers,Minze Stuiver,Kendrick C. Taylor,Peter U. Clark +5 more
TL;DR: The most prominent Holocene climatic event in Greenland ice-core proxies, with approximately half the amplitude of the Younger Dryas, occurred ∼8000 to 8400 yr ago.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mid- to Late Holocene climate change: an overview
Heinz Wanner,Jürg Beer,Jonathan Butikofer,Thomas J. Crowley,Ulrich Cubasch,Jacqueline Flückiger,Hugues Goosse,Martin Grosjean,Fortunat Joos,Jed O. Kaplan,Marcel Küttel,Simon A. Müller,I. Colin Prentice,Olga Solomina,Thomas F. Stocker,Pavel E. Tarasov,Mayke Wagner,Martin Widmann +17 more
TL;DR: The authors used selected proxy-based reconstructions of different climate variables, together with state-of-the-art time series of natural forcings (orbital variations, solar activity variations, large tropical volcanic eruptions, land cover and greenhouse gases), underpinned by results from GCMs and Earth System Models of Intermediate Complexity (EMICs), to establish a comprehensive explanatory framework for climate changes from the mid-Holocene (MH) to pre-industrial time.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hydrological changes in the African tropics since the Last Glacial Maximum
TL;DR: Paleohydrological data from the African tropics and subtropics, including lake, groundwater and speleothem records, are reviewed to show how environments and climates from both hemispheres are inter-related.
Journal ArticleDOI
Observed climate variability and change
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors emphasise that the certainty of conclusions that can be drawn about climate from observations depends critically on the availability of accurate, complete and consistent series of observations.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Extended 14C Data Base and Revised Calib 3.0 14C Age Calibration Program
Minze Stuiver,Paula J. Reimer +1 more
TL;DR: The age calibration program, CALIB (Stuiver & Reimer 1986), first made available in 1986 and subsequently modified in 1987 (revision 2.0 and 2.1), has been amended anew as mentioned in this paper.
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Comparison of oxygen isotope records from the GISP2 and GRIP Greenland ice cores
Pieter Meiert Grootes,Minze Stuiver,James W. C. White,Sigfus J Johnsen,Sigfus J Johnsen,Jean Jouzel +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the complete oxygen isotope record for the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 (GISP2) core, drilled 28 km west of the GRIP core, and observe large, rapid climate fluctuations throughout the last glacial period.
Journal ArticleDOI
Long-term variations of caloric insolation resulting from the Earth's orbital elements
TL;DR: In this paper, a contribution to a global a priori model of climatic changes for the Quaternary Ice Age is tentatively proposed, which includes terms dependent to the second degree on disturbing masses, to third degree on planetary eccentricities and inclinations and, for the obliquity and the annual general precession in longitude, also to earth's eccentricity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Abrupt increase in Greenland snow accumulation at the end of the Younger Dryas event
Richard B. Alley,D. A. Meese,C. A. Shuman,Anthony J. Gow,Kendrick C. Taylor,Pieter Meiert Grootes,James W. C. White,M. Ram,E. D. Waddington,Paul Andrew Mayewski,Gregory A. Zielinski +10 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present results from a new Greenland ice core (GISP2) showing that snow accumulation doubled rapidly from the Younger Dryas event to the subsequent Preboreal interval, possibly in one to three years.
Journal ArticleDOI
Holocene climatic variations—Their pattern and possible cause
George H. Denton,Wibjörn Karlén +1 more
TL;DR: In the St. Elias Mountains in southern Yukon Territory and Alaska, C14-dated fluctuations of 14 glacier termini show two major intervals of Holocene glacier expansion, the older dating from 3300-2400 calendar yr BP and the younger corresponding to the Little Ice Age of the last several centuries.