Martyn Tranter

TL;DR: It is concluded that human society must plan adaptation and mitigation measures for the full breadth of impacts in all affected regions caused by glacier shrinkage, and changes in river hydrology and morphology caused by climate-induced glacier loss are projected to be the greatest of any hydrological system.

TL;DR: Bacterial populations found in subglacial meltwaters and basal ice are comparable to those in the active layer of permafrost and orders of magnitude larger than those found in ice cores from large ice sheets as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this article, three types of concentrated subglacial water were identified, based on the relative proportions of Ca 2C, H CO 3 � and SO 4 2� to Si.

TL;DR: In this paper, high-resolution microscopic observations show that suspended sediments from glacial meltwaters, supraglacial, and proglacial sediments, and sediments in basal ice, from Arctic, Alpine, and Antarctic locations all contain iron (oxyhydr)oxide nanoparticles, which are poorly crystalline, typically � 5 nm in diameter, and which occur as single grains or aggregates that may be isolated or attached to sediment grains.

TL;DR: The presence of potentially bioavailable Fe as ferrihydrite and goethite in nanoparticulate clusters, in sediments collected from icebergs in the Southern Ocean and glaciers on the Antarctic landmass is demonstrated.