다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1（PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员，通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。

疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]／Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

[신간의 별자리x] 우리/미술, 그리고 ‘슬픔의 박물관’

Polydopamine and Its Derivative Materials: Synthesis and Promising Applications in Energy, Environmental, and Biomedical Fields

Since its discovery, the asymmetric Fano resonance has been a characteristic feature of interacting quantum systems. The shape of this resonance is distinctively different from that of conventional symmetric resonance curves. Recently, the Fano resonance has been found in plasmonic nanoparticles, photonic crystals, and electromagnetic metamaterials. The steep dispersion of the Fano resonance profile promises applications in sensors, lasing, switching, and nonlinear and slow-light devices.

The Fano resonance in plasmonic nanostructures and metamaterials

Pulsed laser ablation of a Si substrate in cooled KOH solution and a water-confined region is investigated. The liquid temperature is varied from room temperature down to 4°C. For laser ablation in water, the material removal rate reduces slightly as liquid temperature increases. However, the material removal rate for laser ablation in KOH solution is twice as high as that in the water at a cooled liquid environment (temperature ∼10°C). This enhancement results from a strong chemical interaction between the KOH solution and Si materials around the ablated crater during fast cooling of the substrate surface from the vaporization temperature after the laser ablation. It is also found that the material removal rate is reduced greatly in the KOH solution as the liquid temperature increases. It is because at a liquid temperature above 20°C, the KOH solution starts to interact strongly with Si when the two materials are in contact. The formation of Si(OH)x chemical debris blocks the incident laser beam to reach the Si surface and reduces the laser ablation effect. This result of the investigation is applied to set up a cooled KOH flow system for wafer thinning to thin substrate thickness down to 50 μm.

Pulsed laser ablation in a cooled liquid environment

A THz band-reject filter is designed based on chiral four-fold rotational symmetry metamaterial. This filter was fabricated by laser micro-lens array lithography and characterized by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. The resonant frequencies at different twist angles are almost the same, which demonstrates the polarization independence of the structure. The electric field distribution is simulated to explain the physics mechanism behind the polarization independence. By stacking multiple metamaterial layers together, a THz broadband reject filter at a bandwidth of 0.461 THz is experimentally achieved.

Polarization-independent broadband terahertz chiral metamaterials on flexible substrate

Optical Quality Laser Polishing of CVD Diamond by UV Pulsed Laser Irradiation

The poly(phenylcarbyne) polymer films were coated on silicon substrates and then irradiated by a pulsed ultraviolet laser (λ=248 nm) with various fluences (1–60 mJ/cm2) at an atmospheric pressure of nitrogen. The structures of the resulted films were investigated by Raman spectroscopy. The morphologies of the films were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The electron field emission properties of the films as cathodes were studied. Raman spectrum analysis and SEM results indicate that the polymer film is converted to nanoparticle carbon film with the laser fluence from 10 to 60 mJ/cm2. The conversion mechanism from the polymer to nanoparticle carbon and electron field emission mechanism from the converted carbon film is discussed. The converted carbon film showed better field emission properties, i.e., lower turn-on threshold emission field, higher emission current density, and higher emission light spot density with increasing laser fluence from 10 to 50 mJ/cm2. By increasing the laser fluence from 50 to 60 mJ/cm2, the emission property showed a slight degradation. A turn-on threshold emission field of 1.8 V/μm (at 1 nA/cm2) and emission current density of 30 mA/cm2 with an emission light spot density of 104/cm2 (at 14 V/μm) were observed for the polymer film irradiated with a fluence of 50 mJ/cm2. Circular and multiple-line field emission patterns are demonstrated using the laser irradiation of the poly(phenylcarbyne) polymer.

Minghui Hong

Papers

Pulsed laser ablation in a cooled liquid environment

Polarization-independent broadband terahertz chiral metamaterials on flexible substrate

Optical Quality Laser Polishing of CVD Diamond by UV Pulsed Laser Irradiation

Electron field emission from polymer films treated by a pulsed ultraviolet laser

Formation of Ohmic contacts on laser irradiated n-type 6H-SiC without thermal annealing