[신간의 별자리x] 우리/미술, 그리고 ‘슬픔의 박물관’

Deposits of clastic carbonate-dominated (calciclastic) sedimentary slope systems in the rock record have been identified mostly as linearly-consistent carbonate apron deposits, even though most ancient clastic carbonate slope deposits fit the submarine fan systems better. Calciclastic submarine fans are consequently rarely described and are poorly understood. Subsequently, very little is known especially in mud-dominated calciclastic submarine fan systems. Presented in this study are a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) that reveals a >250 m thick calciturbidite complex deposited in a calciclastic submarine fan setting. Seven facies are recognised from core and thin section characterisation and are grouped into three carbonate turbidite sequences. They include: 1) Calciturbidites, comprising mostly of highto low-density, wavy-laminated bioclast-rich facies; 2) low-density densite mudstones which are characterised by planar laminated and unlaminated muddominated facies; and 3) Calcidebrites which are muddy or hyper-concentrated debrisflow deposits occurring as poorly-sorted, chaotic, mud-supported floatstones. These

Phd by thesis

Journal of Physics Condensed Matter: Preface

IN view of the interest attaching to the vaporisation and diffusion of solids, the following observations may be worthy of record.

The Diffusion of Solids

Current-induced effective magnetic fields can provide efficient ways of electrically manipulating the magnetization of ultrathin magnetic heterostructures. Two effects, known as the Rashba spin orbit field and the spin Hall spin torque, have been reported to be responsible for the generation of the effective field. However, a quantitative understanding of the effective field, including its direction with respect to the current flow, is lacking. Here we describe vector measurements of the current-induced effective field in Ta|CoFeB|MgO heterostructrures. The effective field exhibits a significant dependence on the Ta and CoFeB layer thicknesses. In particular, a 1 nm thickness variation of the Ta layer can change the magnitude of the effective field by nearly two orders of magnitude. Moreover, its sign changes when the Ta layer thickness is reduced, indicating that there are two competing effects contributing to it. Our results illustrate that the presence of atomically thin metals can profoundly change the landscape for controlling magnetic moments in magnetic heterostructures electrically.

▲Current-induced effective field vector in Ta│CoFeB│MgO

Role of additives (X = Ti, Zr) in phase formation and thermal stability of Fe–X–N thin films

Thin films of amorphous Fe85Zr15 alloy were deposited by ion-beam sputtering of a composite target. Analogous to the melt-spun amorphous alloys of similar composition, the crystallization of the amorphous film occurs in two steps, however, with a substantially reduced thermal stability. After completion of the first crystallization step which starts at 473 K, the microstructure consists of 12 nm nanocrystals of bcc-Fe embedded in a grain boundary region of the remaining amorphous phase. At 673 K, the remaining amorphous phase transforms into the Fe2Zr alloy. The self-diffusion measurements of iron in the nanocrystalline state and in the parent amorphous state has been carried out using secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) depth profiling and neutron reflectivity techniques. In contrast to the case of finemet Fe73.5Si13.5B9Nb3Cu1 alloy, where a significant enhancement of diffusivity takes place in the nanocrystalline state, in the present case the diffusivity in the nanocrystalline state is similar to that in the parent amorphous state. It is suggested that in this system the atomic diffusion occurs mainly via the grain boundary regions. The calculated values of the pre-exponential factor and the activation energy for the diffusion are D0 = 1 × 10−14±1 m2/s and E = (0.7 ± 0.1) eV respectively.

Iron self-diffusion in nanocrystalline FeZr thin films

http://materials.web.psi.ch/Publications/Publ_MatDev_files/2006/diamond_heule1.pdf

Diamond-like carbon coatings for Ultracold Neutron applications

Origin of Blue Luminescence in Mg -Doped Ga N

Cu1−XCdXS2 thin films were deposited from precursor solutions having different concentrations of cation sources, by a single step solution process at room temperature. The colours of the deposited films changed from light to dark brown based on the incorporation of copper and cadmium ions from the precursors. Cu1−XCdXS2 polycrystalline thin films exhibit a hexagonal structure. Cd rich films showed a sheet like morphology and poor adhesiveness owing to a cluster growth process. Wider absorption in the region 300–1300 nm was observed with a red shift in the absorption edge as the composition of Cd increased. A relative increase in the Cd composition of deposited Cu1−XCdXS2 thin films was observed as the precursor concentration of Cd increased. XPS and Raman spectra confirmed the formation of a CuCdS2 compound. Electrical properties showed the decrease in carrier concentration as Cd composition increases. The Cu1−XCdXS2 thin films exhibited both p and n-type conductivity owing to different stoichiometric ratios of cations. The analyses revealed that the Cu1−XCdXS2 thin film can be used as both a novel absorber and window layer for the fabrication of low cost thin film solar cells.

Effect of precursor concentration on the properties and tuning of conductivity between p-type and n-type Cu1−XCdXS2 thin films deposited by a single step solution process as a novel material for photovoltaic applications

Mukul Gupta

Papers

Role of additives (X = Ti, Zr) in phase formation and thermal stability of Fe–X–N thin films

Iron self-diffusion in nanocrystalline FeZr thin films

Diamond-like carbon coatings for Ultracold Neutron applications

Origin of Blue Luminescence in Mg -Doped Ga N

Effect of precursor concentration on the properties and tuning of conductivity between p-type and n-type Cu1−XCdXS2 thin films deposited by a single step solution process as a novel material for photovoltaic applications