Seiji Nishino

TL;DR: It is determined that canine narcolepsy is caused by disruption of the hypocretin (orexin) receptor 2 gene (Hcrtr2) and this result identifies hypocretins as major sleep-modulating neurotransmitters and opens novel potential therapeutic approaches for Narcoleptic patients.

TL;DR: In situ hybridization of the perifornical area and peptide radioimmunoassays indicated global loss of hypocretins, without gliosis or signs of inflammation in all human cases examined, indicating most cases of human narcolepsy are associated with a deficient hypocretin system.

TL;DR: Alterations in the hypocretin receptor 2 and preprohypocretin genes produce narcolepsy in animal models andHypocretein was undetectable in seven out of nine people with narcoLEpsy, indicating abnormal hypocretIn transmission.

TL;DR: It is found that brain interstitial fluid levels of Aβ were significantly correlated with wakefulness and negatively correlated with sleep, and chronic sleep restriction significantly increased, and a dual orexin receptor antagonist decreased, Aβ plaque formation in amyloid precursor protein transgenic mice.

TL;DR: Measuring CSF hypocretin-1 is a definitive diagnostic test, provided that it is interpreted within the clinical context, in cases with cataplexy and when the MSLT is difficult to interpret (ie, in subjects already treated with psychoactive drugs or with other concurrent sleep disorders).