Showing papers in "Cell in 1999"

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that Akt also regulates the activity of FKHRL1, a member of the Forkhead family of transcription factors, which triggers apoptosis most likely by inducing the expression of genes that are critical for cell death, such as the Fas ligand gene.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that two recently identified DNA methyltransferases, DnMT3a and Dnmt3b, are essential for de novo methylation and for mouse development and play important roles in normal development and disease.

TL;DR: It is shown that SVZ astrocytes act as neural stem cells in both the normal and regenerating brain and give rise to cells that grow into multipotent neurospheres in vitro.

TL;DR: PGC-1, a cold-inducible coactivator of nuclear receptors, stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration in muscle cells through an induction of uncoupling protein 2 (UCP-2) and through regulation of the nuclear respiratory factors (NRFs).

TL;DR: It is proposed that orexin regulates sleep/wakefulness states, and that Orexin knockout mice are a model of human narcolepsy, a disorder characterized primarily by rapid eye movement (REM) sleep dysregulation.

TL;DR: Substitution of two cysteine residues within the C-terminal loop of the SH2 domain of Stat3 produces a molecule that dimerizes spontaneously, binds to DNA, and activates transcription.

TL;DR: It used to be that research in chronobiology moved biochemical functions [transcriptional activators], the along at a gentlemanly pace, but by mid 1997 the word in determining what the authors perceive as time was PASWCCLK.

TL;DR: It is determined that canine narcolepsy is caused by disruption of the hypocretin (orexin) receptor 2 gene (Hcrtr2) and this result identifies hypocretins as major sleep-modulating neurotransmitters and opens novel potential therapeutic approaches for Narcoleptic patients.

TL;DR: Electron microscopy reported here demonstrated that TRF2 can remodel linear telomeric DNA into large duplex loops (t loops) in vitro, which may provide a general mechanism for the protection and replication of telomeres.

TL;DR: In this paper, the chemokine receptor CCR7 was identified as an important organizer of the primary immune response in mice, and severely delayed kinetics regarding the antibody response and lack contact sensitivity and delayed type hypersensitivity reactions.

TL;DR: Using a combination of calcium imaging and single-cell RT-PCR to identify odorant receptors (ORs) for odorants with related structures but varied odors, it is found that one OR recognizes multiple odorants and that one odorant is recognized by multiple ORs, but that different odorants are recognized by different combinations of ORs.

TL;DR: In this article, Latency-Aged Peptide (LAP) was shown to be a ligand for the integrin alpha v beta 6 and that alpha-v beta 6-expressing cells induce spatially restricted activation of TGF beta 1.

TL;DR: Evidence is presented that ependymal cells are neural stem cells and a novel process in the response to central nervous system injury is identified, identified in response to spinal cord injury.

TL;DR: Although the signals that cause susceptibility or resistance to methylation are still unknown, genetic approaches in plants are leading the way forward and exciting revelations are expected as the knowledge vacuum in this area is filled over the next few years.

TL;DR: It is reported here that receptor for AGE (RAGE) is a central cell surface receptor for EN-RAGE (extracellular newly identified RAGE-binding protein) and related members of the S100/calgranulin superfamily.

TL;DR: The chromatin field needs much more information about structure beyond the nucleosome, and there is insufficient evidence that acetylation actually causes chromatin unfolding, and functional analysis in cell-free systems must be extended beyond theucleosome to the chromosomal context.

TL;DR: This work focuses on the development and use of positron emission tomography for the diagnosis of central giant cell granuloma, a type of tumour that is difficult to treat with chemotherapy.

TL;DR: It is determined that two mouse cryptochrome genes, mCry1 and mCry2, act in the negative limb of the clock feedback loop, and the mPER and mCRY proteins appear to inhibit the transcriptional complex differentially.

TL;DR: It is reported that the homeobox gene Prox1 is expressed in a subpopulation of endothelial cells that by budding and sprouting give rise to the lymphatic system, suggesting that unidentified guidance signals regulate this process.

TL;DR: It is shown that rde-1 is a member of the piwi/sting/argonaute/zwille/eIF2C gene family conserved from plants to vertebrates and the possibility that one natural function of RNAi is transposon silencing is discussed.

TL;DR: N-WASP and the Arp2/3 complex comprise a core mechanism that directly connects signal transduction pathways to the stimulation of actin polymerization.

TL;DR: A critical role for telomere length in the overall fitness, reserve, and well being of the aging organism is demonstrated.

TL;DR: A mechanism for acquired arrhythmia is revealed: genetically based reduction in potassium currents that remains clinically silent until combined with additional stressors.

TL;DR: Targeted inactivation or truncation of the beta-catenin-binding cytosolic domain of the VE-cadherin gene was found to affect assembly of endothelial cells in vascular plexi, but to impair their subsequent remodeling and maturation, causing lethality at 9.5 days of gestation.

TL;DR: The data indicate that an auxin maximum at a vascular boundary establishes a distal organizer in theRoot formation in plants involves the continuous interpretation of positional cues.

TL;DR: The findings demonstrate the pivotal function of MT1-MMP in connective tissue metabolism, and illustrate that modeling of the soft connective tissues matrix by resident cells is essential for the development and maintenance of the hard tissues of the skeleton.

TL;DR: It is proposed that the autoinflammatory phenotype results from impaired downregulation of membrane TNFR1 and diminished shedding of potentially antagonistic soluble receptor inTNFR1-associated periodic syndromes.

TL;DR: It is suggested that VLDLR and ApoER2 participate in transmitting the extracellular Reelin signal to intracellular signaling processes initiated by mDab1, a cytosolic protein that activates tyrosine kinases.

TL;DR: It is proposed that BDNF promotes the maturation of cortical inhibition during early postnatal life, thereby regulating the critical period for visual cortical plasticity.

TL;DR: Over the last decade, workers in the field have described more than 300 sequences of NRs using an increasingly complex and baroque nomenclature, which constitutes a barrier for understanding of newly acquired knowledge to researchers outside as well as within the field.