Showing papers by "Yun Huang published in 2011"
TL;DR: The results indicate that 5hmC has a probable role in transcriptional regulation, and suggest a model in which5hmC contributes to the ‘poised’ chromatin signature found at developmentally-regulated genes in ES cells.
Abstract: 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) is a modified base present at low levels in diverse cell types in mammals. 5hmC is generated by the TET family of Fe(II) and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent enzymes through oxidation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC). 5hmC and TET proteins have been implicated in stem cell biology and cancer, but information on the genome-wide distribution of 5hmC is limited. Here we describe two novel and specific approaches to profile the genomic localization of 5hmC. The first approach, termed GLIB (glucosylation, periodate oxidation, biotinylation) uses a combination of enzymatic and chemical steps to isolate DNA fragments containing as few as a single 5hmC. The second approach involves conversion of 5hmC to cytosine 5-methylenesulphonate (CMS) by treatment of genomic DNA with sodium bisulphite, followed by immunoprecipitation of CMS-containing DNA with a specific antiserum to CMS. High-throughput sequencing of 5hmC-containing DNA from mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells showed strong enrichment within exons and near transcriptional start sites. 5hmC was especially enriched at the start sites of genes whose promoters bear dual histone 3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) and histone 3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) marks. Our results indicate that 5hmC has a probable role in transcriptional regulation, and suggest a model in which 5hmC contributes to the 'poised' chromatin signature found at developmentally-regulated genes in ES cells.
782 citations
TL;DR: 5hmC is an epigenetic modification associated with the pluripotent state, and Tet1 functions to regulate the lineage differentiation potential of ESCs.
712 citations
TL;DR: The results suggest that molecular defects affecting distinct pathways can lead to similar clinical phenotypes in CMML, and single nucleotide polymorphism array increased the diagnostic yield to 60%.
309 citations
TL;DR: A unique class of genetically encoded indicators, calcium sensor for detecting high concentration in the ER, exhibits unprecedented Ca2+ release kinetics with an off-rate estimated at around 700 s−1 and appropriate Ca2+, and this sensor will be invaluable in examining pathogenesis characterized by alterations in Ca2+.
Abstract: Quantitative analysis of Ca2+ fluctuations in the endoplasmic/sarcoplasmic reticulum (ER/SR) is essential to defining the mechanisms of Ca2+-dependent signaling under physiological and pathological conditions Here, we developed a unique class of genetically encoded indicators by designing a Ca2+ binding site in the EGFP One of them, calcium sensor for detecting high concentration in the ER, exhibits unprecedented Ca2+ release kinetics with an off-rate estimated at around 700 s−1 and appropriate Ca2+ binding affinity, likely attributable to local Ca2+-induced conformational changes around the designed Ca2+ binding site and reduced chemical exchange between two chromophore states Calcium sensor for detecting high concentration in the ER reported considerable differences in ER Ca2+ dynamics and concentration among human epithelial carcinoma cells (HeLa), human embryonic kidney 293 cells (HEK-293), and mouse myoblast cells (C2C12), enabling us to monitor SR luminal Ca2+ in flexor digitorum brevis muscle fibers to determine the mechanism of diminished SR Ca2+ release in aging mice This sensor will be invaluable in examining pathogenesis characterized by alterations in Ca2+ homeostasis
100 citations
TL;DR: The current colorectal cancer screening program in China works well, but the revision of the program is necessary.
Abstract: Objective To evaluate a colorectal cancer screening program by tumor detection rate and discussing its application values.Method In total,43 713 subjects were recruited in the screening program who were the registered people aged 40-74 in Xiacheng and Jiashan during year 2007-2009.The first screening involved questionnaire survey of colorectal cancer related risk factors and fecal occult blood test (FOBT),colonoscopy was performed when a positive result was observed in the first screening.If polyps were found during colonoscopy,biopsy and pathological diagnosis were carried out.The screening data were analyzed and the tumor detection rate was calculated according to age or sex.Results 6489 subjects (14.85%) belonged to the high risk group of colorectal cancer in the first screening,in which 4701 subjects finished complete colonoscopy.Finally,569 colorectal neoplasm were diagnosed,the detection rate was 12.10% (95%CI:11.17%-13.04%).It included 52 colorectal cancer (1.11%,95%CI:0.81%-1.41%),183 advanced adenoma(3.89%,95%CI: 3.34%-4.45%),334 non-advanced adenoma (7.10%,95%CI: 6.37%-7.84%).The highest detective rate was observed in male group that aged 70-74 (22.81%,95%CI: 16.98%-28.70%),the lowest detective rate was observed in female group aged 40-44 (2.49%,95%CI: 0.79%-4.20%).Conclusion The current colorectal cancer screening program in China works well,but the revision of the program is necessary.
Key words:
Colorectal neoplasms; Early diagnosis; Mass screening; Program evaluation
1 citations
TL;DR: This work characterized on a molecular levels patients with low 5-hmC levels using next generation sequencing technologies and sequenced whole exomes of malignant and non-affected cells to identify novel acquired determinants of 5-mC hydroxymethylation in two representative patients.
1 citations