Beaumont Health

About: Beaumont Health is a nonprofit organization based out in Royal Oak, Michigan, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Medicine & Population. The organization has 1483 authors who have published 1448 publications receiving 15407 citations. The organization is also known as: William Beaumont Health System & Beaumont Hospitals.

Double-Blind Study

Abstract: A clinical research study or a clinical trial is an experiment or observation performed on human subjects to generate data on the safety and efficacy of various biomedical and behavioral interventions.

IFNγ PET Imaging as a Predictive Tool for Monitoring Response to Tumor Immunotherapy.

Abstract: IFNγ is an attractive target for imaging active antitumor immunity due to its function in the T-cell signaling axis. Here, we test an IFNγ immuno-PET (immunoPET) probe for its capacity to identify adaptive immunotherapy response after HER2/neu vaccination in both spontaneous salivary and orthotopic neu + mouse mammary tumors. IFNγ immunoPET detected elevated cytokine levels in situ after vaccination, which inversely correlated with tumor growth rate, an indicator of response to therapy. In a model of induced T-cell anergy where CD8 T cells infiltrate the tumor, but upregulate PD-1, IFNγ tracer uptake was equivalent to isotype control, illustrating a lack of antitumor T-cell activity. The IFNγ immunoPET tracer detected IFNγ protein sequestered on the surface of tumor cells, likely in complex with the IFNγ receptor, which may explain imaging localization of this soluble factor in vivo . Collectively, we find that the activation status of cytotoxic T cells is annotated by IFNγ immunoPET, with reduced off-target binding to secondary lymphoid tissues compared with imaging total CD3 + tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. Targeting of soluble cytokines such as IFNγ by PET imaging may provide valuable noninvasive insight into the function of immune cells in situ . Significance: This study presents a novel approach to monitor therapeutic outcomes via IFNγ-targeted positron emission tomography. Cancer Res; 78(19); 5706–17. ©2018 AACR .

Treatment planning comparison of IMPT, VMAT and 4π radiotherapy for prostate cases.

Abstract: Intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT), non-coplanar 4π intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), and volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) represent the most advanced treatment methods based on heavy ion and X-rays, respectively. Here we compare their performance for prostate cancer treatment. Ten prostate patients were planned using IMPT with robustness optimization, VMAT, and 4π to an initial dose of 54 Gy to a clinical target volume (CTV) that encompassed the prostate and seminal vesicles, then a boost prescription dose of 25.2 Gy to the prostate for a total dose of 79.2 Gy. The IMPT plans utilized two coplanar, oblique scanning beams 10° posterior of the lateral beam positions. Range uncertainties were taken into consideration in the IMPT plans. VMAT plans used two full, coplanar arcs to ensure sufficient PTV coverage. 4π plans were created by inversely selecting and optimizing 30 beams from 1162 candidate non-coplanar beams using a greedy column generation algorithm. CTV doses, bladder and rectum dose volumes (V40, V45, V60, V65, V70, V75, and V80), R100, R50, R10, and CTV homogeneity index (D95/D5) were evaluated. Compared to IMPT, 4π resulted in lower anterior rectal wall mean dose as well as lower rectum V40, V45, V60, V65, V70, and V75. Due to the opposing beam arrangement, IMPT resulted in significantly (p < 0.05) greater femoral head doses. However, IMPT plans had significantly lower bladder, rectum, and anterior rectal wall max dose. IMPT doses were also significantly more homogeneous than 4π and VMAT doses. Compared to the VMAT and 4π plans, IMPT treatment plans are superior in CTV homogeneity and maximum point organ-at-risk (OAR) doses with the exception of femur heads. IMPT is inferior in rectum and bladder volumes receiving intermediate to high doses, particularly to the 4π plans, but significantly reduced low dose spillage and integral dose, which are correlated to secondary cancer for patients with expected long survival. The dosimetric benefits of 4π plans over VMAT are consistent with the previous publication.