Showing papers by "Charles University in Prague published in 1972"
TL;DR: In this article, a ray series expansion for seismic body waves propagating in inhomogeneous anisotropic media is studied, and methods for calculation of rays and amplitude coefficients of the ray series are suggested.
Abstract: Summary
A ray series expansion for seismic body waves propagating in inhomogeneous anisotropic media is studied. Methods for calculation of rays and amplitude coefficients of the ray series are suggested. A seismic ray is described by a system of ordinary differential equations of first order which can be solved by standard numerical techniques. Another system of ordinary differential equations can be used to compute amplitude coefficients. The method may be applied to general anisotropic media in which the elastic parameters are arbitrary continuous functions of all three co-ordinates.
303 citations
01 Jan 1972
89 citations
TL;DR: Investigation using congenic strains, and F1 and F2 hybrids of high and low responding strains, demonstrated that the ability to respond to (T, G)‐A–L is under the control of a dominant factor genetically linked to the H‐1 locus.
Abstract: Various inbred strains of rats were immunized with the synthetic polypeptide (T,G)-A–L and showed considerable differences in their antibody response to this polymer. Further investigations using congenic strains, which differ at the major histocompatibility locus (H-1, Ag-B), and F1 and F2 hybrids of high and low responding strains demonstrated that the ability to respond to (T, G)-A–L is under the control of a dominant factor genetically linked to the H-1 locus.
77 citations
TL;DR: In this article, it is shown that ascorbic acid is oxidized at platinum electrodes in a two-electron process and there are two reaction paths of the oxidation, one corresponding to an irreversible electrode reaction of the substance without appreciable adsorption with α n a ≈ 0.4, the other being the oxidation of the adsorbed substance in the potential range of Pt surface oxide formation.
63 citations
TL;DR: A survey of relations between the polarographic half-wave potential and pH for a two-electron irreversible reduction in which the rate-determining step is a single or double electron transfer, chemical reaction of first or second order, or disproportionation is given in this paper.
58 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the role of short-range order in producing a pseudogap in the density of states ρ(E) of an elemental amorphous material is investigated.
Abstract: The role of short-range order in producing a pseudogap in the density of states ρ(E) of an elemental amorphous material is investigated. An approximate expression for ρ(E) which emphasizes short-range order and neglects all long-range order is derived from multiple-scattering theory. This expression is used to study the influence of short-range order consisting of two atoms, a single bond, and eight atoms in the staggered and eclipsed bonding configurations on ρ(E). The results of numerical calculation for amorphous sp3-bonded C, amorphous Si, and amorphous Ge are reported. These results suggest that the pseudogap in ρ(E) may be attributed to the short-range order.
41 citations
TL;DR: It was found that the Ss learned an average of 90% of the material presented under the waking condition, but only anAverage of 30% under the Stage I REM sleep.
Abstract: Eleven highly hypnotically susceptible Ss participated in a sleep-learning experiment which involved sleeping in the laboratory on two successive nights. The first night served as an adaptation period, and the second, an experimental period. Ten simple Russian-English word pairs were learned in the waking state upon awakening from the adaption night. Prior to going to sleep on the experimental night, the Ss were hypnotized, and given suggestions to perceive and remember the words to be presented. A second list of ten Russian-English word pairs were presented during emergent Stage I REM sleep monitored electroencephalographically and electromyographically. It was found that the Ss learned an average of 90% of the material presented under the waking condition, but only an average of 30% under the Stage I REM sleep. It was concluded that learning during sleep as here defined was possible but not practical.
37 citations
TL;DR: Sheep erythrocytes were completely protected against the hemolytic action of staphylococcal α and β lysins and hydrolyzed by the corynebacterial phospholipase D which is probably the reason for the protective action of the toxin.
34 citations
01 Jan 1972
TL;DR: The ice-hockey proves to be an activity with mostly submaximal metabolic rate, where appears a great part of anaerobic metabolism simultaneously with high requirements for the aerobic metabolism, and the requirements follow to intensify the interval training.
Abstract: We examined the energy expenditure in ice-hockey players under conditions of a model training match. The results were obtained in a group of 13 players of the national representative team (age 24.4 years), and in 1 goaler. In the players we also followed the physical fitness by means of a loading experiment on bicycle ergometer in the middle of the racing season, and before the opening of the World Championship 1971.
34 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Melanophlogite from the second occurrence at Chvaletice, Bohemia, forms colorless cubes on lussatite in a vein cavitSr in a metamorphosed sedimentary pyrite-rhodochrosite deposit of Algonkian age as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Melanophlogite from the second occurrence at Chvaletice, Bohemia, forms colorless cubes on lussatite in a vein cavitSr in a metamorphosed sedimentary pyrite-rhodochrosite deposit of Algonkian age. Fine growih zoning is parallel to the cube faces which represent bases of tetragonal sectors, oomposihg each cube. The superstructural unit cell has space grotp PLn/nbc, a 26.82, and c = 13.37 A. It breaks down by heating at 1,050.C to a cubic unit cell with space grotp P4f,2 and o : 13.4 A. The typical jet black color appears, but no carbon particles can be observed even at greatest magnifications. Emission spectrography indicates only Si in substantial quantity. Electron microprobe, activation, and microchemical analyses lead to a unit cell content that can be formulated as 46 SiOz'CrrIIr\"*OunSo.r. The sulfur content is much lower than that in the Sicilian melanophlogite. The clathrate structure, suggested by Kamb (f965) for melanophlogite, can be also applied for the Chvaletice mineral. Compounds of the minor elements, indicated by the formula, are framework-cavity guests and a probable cause of the tetragonal superstructure.
33 citations
TL;DR: The accumulation of 59 Fe-labeled heme in the nonhemoglobin proteins in reticulocytes incubated with cycloheximide provides evidence for the existence of an increased pool of heme which is not incorporated into hemoglobin or catalase, and might contribute to recent theories of regulation of hemoglobin synthesis.
TL;DR: Methylene blue-sensitized photooxidation of pea phytohemagglutinin at pH 8.2 leads to stepwise inactivation of this protein, which shows a sedimentation coefficient practically identical to the native substance after photooxidative inactivation.
TL;DR: In this paper, the electronic d.c.d. hopping conductivity of amorphous materials is calculated up to the second power of the coupling constant of electrons and acoustic phonons.
Abstract: The electronic d.c. hopping conductivity of amorphous materials is calculated exactly up to the second power of the coupling constant of electrons and acoustic phonons. Its temperature dependence is discussed.
TL;DR: Sera examined for the presence of antibody to the EB virus capsid antigen in the indirect immunofluorescence test indicate that the S antibody appears much later in the course of EB virus infection than the VCA antibody.
Abstract: Sera from infectious mononucleosis patients aged 2 to 35 years and from normal subjects aged 11 to 35 years were examined for the presence of antibody to the EB virus capsid antigen (VCA) in the indirect immunofluorescence test, and for the presence of antibody reactive with the soluble (S) antigen of lymphoblastoid cell lines in the complement-fixation test. Sera from all infectious mononucleosis patients taken either in the acute stage of the disease or up to 9 years after its onset contained VCA antibody. The sera taken in the acute stage of the disease were free of S antibody; out of 97 sera investigated only one was weakly reactive. Only one of the seven sera taken 4 to 5 months after the onset of the disease contained S antibody. After the 7th month following onset, the majority of the subjects possessed S antibody. These data indicate that the S antibody appears much later in the course of EB virus infection than the VCA antibody. The predominant majority of sera from subjects with no history of the disease possessed VCA antibody; most of these also possessed S antibody. The incidence of S antibody in these subjects and those who had been suffering from infectious mononucleosis 1 to 9 years previously were comparable.
TL;DR: Phytohaemagglutinin, aus der ErbsePisum sativum L. isoliert, agglutiniert vornehmlich Tumorzellen, ähnlich wie Concanavalin A.
Abstract: Phytohaemagglutinin, aus der ErbsePisum sativum L. isoliert, agglutiniert vornehmlich Tumorzellen, ahnlich wie Concanavalin A. Die durch RNS-onkogene Viren transformierten sowie spontan transformierten Zellen befolgen wahrend der Agglutination das normale Muster der Tumorzellen-Interaktion mit Concanavalin A oder Weizenkeim-Agglutinin.
TL;DR: Deep splenic lymphatics, studied in five marmots, entwine major arteries of white pulp and vary in prominence from spleen to spleen and within a spleen.
Abstract: Deep splenic lymphatics, studied in five marmots, entwine major arteries of white pulp. Lymphatics vary in prominence from spleen to spleen and within a spleen.
These lymphatics constitute efferent channels likely draining splenic fluid flowing within the spleen counter-current to blood.
The endothelium is irregular, thin and imperforate, beset with vacuoles and containing filaments. Its hyaloplasm is light or dark. Flap-like inter-endothelial cell junctions without membranous specializations are typical. Endothelial cells richly interdigitate with one another resulting in extensive, closely-spaced intercellular junctions. Long endothelial processes extend into subjacent connective tissue.
The lymphatics lie in an extracellular ground substance, continuous with that surrounding arteries and with the fibrous reticulum of white pulp. Filaments, about 100 A in width, lie in the ground substance close upon the basal endothelial surface. The filaments appear to attach to the endothelium and run out into surrounding collagenous fibers. The collagen is abundant, occurring in thick layers around lymphatics and extending, with the ground substance, into the white pulp.
Macrophages, replete with phagosomes, surround lymphatic vessels and extend processes toward them, penetrating the peri-lymphatic connective tissue. Erythrocytes lie outside these vessels and within their lumen. Sheets of plasma cells may surround the lymphatics. Lymphocytes, in large number, are present around the lymphatics, cross their wall between endothelial cells, and lie in their lumen.
TL;DR: In this paper, it is shown that if two Banach spaces X,X* are both weakly compactly generated, then X has an equivalent norm whose dual onX* is locally uniformly rotund.
Abstract: If Banach spacesX,X* are both weakly compactly generated, thenX has an equivalent norm whose dual onX* is locally uniformly rotund.
TL;DR: A new microcell for anodic-stripping voltammetry in solution volumes down to about 0.01 ml was constructed and it was found that nanogram amounts of heavy metals can easily be determined in this way.
TL;DR: The evaluation of the overall staining obtained with this method in sections of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum of guinea pigs, rats, monkeys, dogs and humans reflects well the biochemical quantitative data on enterokinase activity obtained in homogenates of mucosal scrapings of the corresponding gut segments of the same animals.
Abstract: A new simple method for the histochemical demonstration of enterokinase (enteropeptidase, EC 3.4.4.8) was elaborated. Unfixed cold microtome sections adherent to the slides are covered with agar-gel medium containing trypsinogen (0.5–1 mg per 1 ml), Nα-benzoyl-DL-arginine-β-naphthylamide hydrochloride (2–4 mM), and Fast Blue B Salt (0.5 mg per 1 ml) in 0.05 M Tris maleate buffer pH 6.5 with 0.05% CaCl2. After the incubation in a wet chamber at 37° C the slides are chelated in 2% copper sulphate. The method enables a localization on the histological level. The evaluation of the overall staining obtained with this method in sections of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum of guinea pigs, rats, monkeys, dogs and humans reflects well the biochemical quantitative data on enterokinase activity obtained in homogenates of mucosal scrapings of the corresponding gut segments of the same animals. In all animals a proximodistal gradient was found. The highest activities were found in enterocytes covering apical parts of villi in the duodenum. According to the activities in the duodenum the investigated animals can be arranged in the following series: guinea pig (highest activity), monkey, man, rat and dog.
TL;DR: Chloroform solution of phenylacetic add has been found very suitable for extraction and colorimetric determination of copper and can be used to remove interference of iron, copper and uranium in the determination of manganese with formaldoxime.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors made measurements of the temperature dependence of four transport effects in CdTe: electric conductivity, the Hall effect, the thermoelectric Seebeck effect (a), and the transversal Nernst-Ettingshausen effect (Q).
Abstract: Detailed measurements are made of the temperature dependence of four transport effects in CdTe: the electric conductivity, the Hall effect, the thermoelectric Seebeck effect (a), and the transversal Nernst-Ettingshausen effect. (Q). The first two effects have been used for the determination of theoretical values of α and Q. The great discrepancy between experimental and theoretical values of α and Q is explained using Plâvitu's theory of the phonon drag effect of carriers in ionic crystals.
Es wurden ausfuhrliche Messungen der Temperaturabhangigkeit von vier Transporteffekten – elektrische Leitfahigkeit, Halleffekt, thermoelektrischer Seebeckeffekt (a) und transversaler Nernst-Ettingshausen-Effekt (Q) – in CdTe durehgefuhrt. Die beiden ersten Effekte wurden zur Bestimmung theoretischer Werte von α und Q herangezogen. Die grose Diskrepanz zwischen den experimentellen und theoretischen Werten fur α und Q wird mit der Theorie von Plâvitu uber den Phonondrageffekt der Ladungstrager in Ionenkristallen erklart.
01 Jan 1972
TL;DR: Both in 65th and 285th days of life the animals with increased motor activity had significantly increased caloric input, lowest weight and fat proportions, relatively heaviest liver, adrenals, tibialis and soleus muscles per 100 g body weight.
Abstract: Male rats were subdivided according to motor activity in subgroups running daily on a motor-driven tread-mill and hanging on vertical ladders during 4–6 hrs per day (A), further in subgroups limited arteficially in motor activity in small cages (L) from the 18th to 65th (I) and from 18th to 285th day of life (II), and compared with controls (C). Both in 65th and 285th days of life the animals with increased motor activity had significantly increased caloric input, lowest weight and fat proportions, relatively heaviest liver, adrenals, tibialis and soleus muscles per 100 g body weight. Lowest caloric input in limited animals was found. Highest weights and fat proportions in control animals were found, with average caloric input. There existed no delayed consequences of changed motor regime from 18th to 65th days of life which were studied after period of latency at the age of 285 days (III). — The density of capillaries and muscle fibers per mm2 showed only significantly greater density of capillaries in soleus muscle in animals with increased motor activity at the age of 65 days (I), but not at the age of 285 days (II). There were no differences in capillary and muscle fiber densities as well as further indicators (capillary: fiber ratio, diffusion distance D/2) in the heart muscle in any of groups. Also the migration activity of cells from liver and spleen fragments in vitro studied in 285-days old animals (II) did not show differences as regards motor activity; neither there existed any prolongation of migration activity of cells from the heart and skeletal muscle fragments in vitro at this age.
TL;DR: The pH-dependence of half-wave potentials of reversible and irreversible electrode reactions has been studied for a depolarizer bearing, besides the electroactive, an electroinactive acidic/basic group.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors give an abstract theory for upper bound for the number of points of the critical level and an application to partial differential equations of the second order, where the regularity properties of solutions of such equations are of great importance.
TL;DR: The conspicuous growth of the mass of muscles in the rat during the first year of its life is accompanied by no less conspicuous growth and maturation of the intramuscular portions of the motor nerve, likely to keep pace and on some stages even to surpass the rate of development of the muscular tissue.
TL;DR: Phenylacetic acid has been found to be very useful as a reagent in the extraction of large quantities of certain ions, notable iron(III), cobalt(II), copper( II), lead, zinc, cadmium and uranyl.
TL;DR: In this paper, the kinetics of hydroxylamine oxidation with cobalt (lll) in a perchloric acid medium were studied by classical spectrophotometry; a special adapter was used for the Unicam SP800 spectrophotsometer by following the rate of the first step, ie the oxidation to nitrogen, the mechanism of the several-electron oxidation of hydrooxylamine with variable stoichiometry, depending on the initial ratio of the reactants.
TL;DR: In this paper, the fundamental electrical properties of diodes prepared by the precipitation of gold on mechanically polished and chemically etched surfaces of n-type CdTe monocrystals were investigated.
Abstract: An investigation was made of the fundamental electrical properties of diodes prepared by the precipitation of gold on mechanically polished and chemically etched surfaces of n-type CdTe monocrystals. The forward I–U characteristics measured in the temperature range from 210 to 300 K can be explained by Schottky's theory of metal–semiconductor junction with recombination in the space charge region. The reverse I–U characteristics are in good agreement with Schottky's theory at room temperature only. At lower temperatures a strong increase of the current with increasing voltage was observed. This effect may be explained by the current tunnelling through the high resistivity layer formed between the metal and the semiconductor.
[Russian Text Ignored].