Duquesne University

About: Duquesne University is a education organization based out in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Health care. The organization has 3615 authors who have published 7169 publications receiving 180066 citations. The organization is also known as: Duquesne University of the Holy Spirit.

One of Us or One of My Friends: How Social Identity and Tie Strength Shape the Creative Generativity of Boundary-Spanning Ties

Abstract: Social ties to colleagues on other work teams can spur creative ideas and workplace innovation by exposing an individual to diverse knowledge However, for external knowledge to be recombined into innovation, the knowledge must first be recognized as potentially valuable Going beyond traditional structural explanations, we predict that the use of diverse knowledge to generate creative ideas and solutions will depend in part on employees’ psychological attachment to the organizational groups to which they belong, ie, their social identity, and the strength of their social ties We test our hypotheses in an R&D division of a global high-technology firm, finding that social identity influences the creative generativity of boundary-spanning ties Specifically, stronger team identity renders interactions with colleagues on other work teams less generative of creative ideas, while identification with an overarching, superordinate group (eg, a division) enhances creative generativity We also hypothesize an

The Effect of Prophylactic Nifedipine on Renal Function in Patients Administered Contrast Media

Abstract: Study Objective. To determine if prophylaxis with nifedipine could decrease the frequency of contrast medium-induced renal impairment. Design. Prospective, randomized clinical trial. Setting. A university-affiliated hospital. Patients. Patients undergoing scheduled radiologic examinations involving infusion of contrast media. Interventions. Forty-two patients were randomized to receive nifedipine 10 mg orally 1 hour before the imaging procedure, and 48 to receive no treatment. Measurements and Main Results. Baseline serum creatinine levels were compared with maximum levels 24 and 48 hours after administration of contrast medium. No statistically significant difference was seen in either the mean change or mean percentage change in serum creatinine between the control and nifedipine groups. The mean changes in serum creatinine were +7.4 μmol/L in the control group and +2.7 μmo/L in the nifedipine group (p=0.33); the mean percentage changes were +10.2% and +4.8%, respectively (p=0.54). Conclusion. Regardless of statistical analysis, it is unlikely that elevations in serum creatinine of this magnitude (<0.1 mg/dl) are of clinical significance. We therefore conclude that prophylactic nifedipine is not clinically beneficial in preserving renal function in patients receiving contrast medium and that the agent should not be routinely administered for this purpose

Least-squares support vector machines for chemometrics: an introduction and evaluation

Abstract: Support vector machines (SVM) are a relatively new technique for modelling multivariate, non-linear systems, which is rapidly gaining acceptance in many fields. There has been very little application or understanding of SVM methodology in chemometrics. The objectives of this paper are to introduce and explain SVM regression in a manner that will be familiar to the NIR and chemometrics community, and provide some practical comparisons between least-squares SVM regression and more traditional methods of multivariate data analysis. Least squares support vector machines (LS-SVM) were compared to partial least squares (PLS), LOCAL and artificial neural networks (ANN) for regression and classification using four, diverse datasets. LS-SVM was shown to be the most effective algorithm, and required the lowest number of calibration samples to achieve superior predictive performance.