Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies

About: Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies is a facility organization based out in Frankfurt am Main, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Baryon & Quark–gluon plasma. The organization has 798 authors who have published 2733 publications receiving 82799 citations. The organization is also known as: FIAS.

Astrophysical weak-interaction rates for selected A=20 and A=24 nuclei

Abstract: We have evaluated the electron capture rates on $^{20}\mathrm{Ne}$, $^{20}\mathrm{F}$, $^{24}\mathrm{Mg}$, and $^{24}\mathrm{Na}$ and the $\ensuremath{\beta}$ decay rates for $^{20}\mathrm{F}$ and $^{24}\mathrm{Na}$ at temperature and density conditions relevant for the late-evolution stages of stars with $M=8{M}_{\ensuremath{\bigodot}}$--12${M}_{\ensuremath{\bigodot}}$. The rates are based on recent experimental data and large-scale shell-model calculations. We show that the electron capture rates on $^{20}\mathrm{Ne}$ and $^{24}\mathrm{Mg}$ and the $^{20}\mathrm{F}$ and $^{24}\mathrm{Na}$ $\ensuremath{\beta}$-decay rates are based on data in this astrophysical range, except for the capture rate on $^{20}\mathrm{Ne}$, which we predict to have a dominating contribution from the second-forbidden transition between the $^{20}\mathrm{Ne}$ and $^{20}\mathrm{F}$ ground states in the density range ${log}_{10}\ensuremath{\rho}{Y}_{e}(\mathrm{g}\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}3})=9.3$--9.6. The dominance of a few individual transitions allows us to present the various rates by analytical expressions at the relevant astrophysical conditions. We also derive the screening corrections to the rates.

The development of cortical circuits for motion discrimination

Abstract: Rapid developmental changes in the response properties of neurons in visual cortex enhance motion discriminability following eye opening. Here the authors show that increases in direction selectivity are accompanied by reductions in the density of active neurons and variability in their responses and levels of noise correlation, changes that depend on the nature of visual experience.