German Red Cross

About: German Red Cross is a healthcare organization based out in Berlin, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Transplantation & Mesenchymal stem cell. The organization has 653 authors who have published 1146 publications receiving 40111 citations. The organization is also known as: Deutsches Rotes Kreuz & DRK.

TASK-1 channel blockade by AVE1231 increases vasocontractile responses and BP in 1- to 2-week-old but not adult rats.

Abstract: Background and purpose The vasomotor role of K2P potassium channels during early postnatal development has never been investigated. We tested the hypothesis that TASK-1 channel (K2P family member) contribution to arterial vascular tone and BP is higher in the early postnatal period than in adulthood. Experimental approach We studied 10- to 15-day-old ("young") and 2- to 3-month-old ("adult") male rats performing digital PCR (dPCR) (using endothelium-intact saphenous arteries), isometric myography, sharp microelectrode technique, quantitative PCR (qPCR) and Western blotting (using endothelium-denuded saphenous arteries), and arterial pressure measurements under urethane anaesthesia. Key results We found mRNA of Kcnk1-Kcnk7, Kcnk12, and Kcnk13 genes to be expressed in rat saphenous artery, and Kcnk3 (TASK-1) and Kcnk6 (TWIK-2) were most abundant in both age groups. The TASK-1 channel blocker AVE1231 (1 μmol·L-1 ) prominently depolarized arterial smooth muscle and increased basal tone level and contractile responses to methoxamine of arteries from young rats but had almost no effect in adult rats. The level of TASK-1 mRNA and protein expression was higher in arteries from young compared with adult rats. Importantly, intravenous administration of AVE1231 (4 mg·kg-1 ) had no effect on mean arterial pressure in adult rats but prominently raised it in young rats. Conclusion and implications We showed that TASK-1 channels are important for negative feedback regulation of vasocontraction in young but not adult rats. The influence of TASK-1 channels most likely contributes to low BP level at perinatal age.

Characterization of evolutionarily conserved key players affecting eukaryotic flagellar motility and fertility using a moss model

Abstract: Defects in flagella/cilia are often associated with infertility and disease. Motile male gametes (sperm cells) with flagella are an ancestral eukaryotic trait that has been lost in several lineages, for example in flowering plants. Here, we made use of a phenotypic male fertility difference between two moss (Physcomitrella patens) strains to explore spermatozoid function. We compare genetic and epigenetic variation as well as expression profiles between the Gransden and Reute strain to identify a set of genes associated with moss male infertility. Defects in mammal and algal homologs of these genes coincide with a loss of fertility, demonstrating the evolutionary conservation of flagellar function related to male fertility across kingdoms. As a proof of principle, we generated a loss-of-function mutant of a coiled-coil domain containing 39 (ccdc39) gene that is part of the flagellar hydin network. Indeed, the Ppccdc39 mutant resembles the male infertile Gransden strain phenotype. Potentially, several somatic (epi-)mutations occurred during prolonged vegetative propagation of P. patens Gransden, causing regulatory differences of e.g. the homeodomain transcription factor BELL1. Probably these somatic changes are causative for the observed male fertility. We propose that P. patens spermatozoids might be employed as an easily accessible system to study male infertility of human and animals.

Isotype-specific immune response to a single hepatitis C virus core epitope defined by a human monoclonal antibody: diagnostic value and correlation to PCR

Abstract: In this study we tested the seroreactivity of 223 selected anti-HCV-reactive blood donors to the human B-cell epitope N-VYLLPR-C (C34–39) of the hepatitis C virus core antigen. The epitope was recently identified and characterized by the human monoclonal IgG antibody Ul/F10 [23] and is located within the amino acid residues 34–39 of the aminoterminal core region. The blood donor sera were selected from anti-HCV ELISA (Ortho, 2nd generation)-reactive samples. Sixty-seven of these sera were further reactive in RIBA (Ortho, 2nd generation). According to their RIBA pattern, these samples were divided into four groups. Samples in the first group (n=18) reacted to all four recombinant HCV antigens. The samples of the second (n=9) and third group (n=8) reacted to c223/c33c and c22-3/cl00-3, respectively. Sera from group 4 (n=32) showed a RIBA indeterminate pattern with reactivity only to c22-3. All 223 samples were analyzed for anti-C34–39 antibodies by ELISA, and the 67 RIBA-reactive samples were additionally tested for the presence of HCV RNA by RT/PCR. In groups 1 and 2, over 80% of the samples showed anti-C34–39 reactivity which was restricted to the IgG1 isotype. In contrast, in groups 3 and 4, antibodies to the epitope C34–39 were detected in less than 10% of the samples. Interestingly, the anti-C34–39 response correlates with the presence of HCV RNA; 95.5% of the samples had coincident results in all subgroups. None of the RIBA-negative sera showed a specific seroreaction to the C34–39 peptide.

DTTX30, a combined thromboxane receptor antagonist and thromboxane synthetase inhibitor, prevents coronary thrombosis in anesthetized dogs.

Abstract: Background Combined thromboxane A2 receptor blockade and thromboxane synthetase inhibition facilitates local prostacyclin production at the site of platelet activation thereby providing a potent antithrombotic effect. The efficacy of DTTX30, a combined thromboxane A2 receptor blocker-thromboxane synthetase inhibitor, in inhibiting recurrent coronary thrombosis was evaluatedin vivo using a canine model of unstable angina pectoris.