Glenfield Hospital

About: Glenfield Hospital is a healthcare organization based out in Leicester, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. The organization has 1382 authors who have published 1812 publications receiving 99238 citations. The organization is also known as: Glenfield General Hospital.

Cardiac surgery in adult patients with remitted or active malignancies: a review of preoperative screening, surgical management and short- and long-term postoperative results.

Abstract: Candidate patients for cardiac surgery procedures with a history of malignancies and antitumour therapy or with an active cancer and on antineoplastic treatment are increasingly common in daily practice. Oncological therapy can lead to cardiovascular injury and, therefore, has the potential for impacting operative risks and surgical strategies. This means that a number of considerations are essential to take into account prior to cardiac surgery. These include the type of cancer, previous cardiotoxicity or concomitant antitumour therapy, reversibility or irreversibility of such complications, the interaction between cancer disease course and extracorporeal circulation, the need for associated surgery and the impact of cancer on early and long-term outcomes. Adequate preoperative evaluation of cardiovascular abnormalities potentially related to antineoplastic therapy and proper diagnostic workup of other conditions linked to the type of cancer (e.g. haematological disorders and lung dysfunction) are therefore of paramount importance for appropriate surgical decision-making. Careful evaluation of the association of cardiovascular disease to be treated and the prognosis of remitted or active cancer should be established to enhance the prediction of early, medium and long-term outcomes and for a more correctly informed patient. Furthermore, if the prognosis of operated patients appears unfavourable, then alternative therapeutic strategies can be applied without significant delay. The aim of this review is to give an overview of factors that should be considered in adult patients who are undergoing, or have undergone, treatment for oncological indications who are candidates for cardiac surgery.

The N2 paradox: similar outcomes of pre- and postoperatively identified single-zone N2a positive non-small-cell lung cancer

Abstract: OBJECTIVES: Resection of N2a non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) diagnosed preoperatively is controversial but there is support for resection of unexpected N2 disease discovered at surgery. Since the seventh TNM edition, we have intentionally resected clinical N2a disease. To validate this policy, we determined prognostic factors associated with all resected N2 disease. METHODS: From a prospective database of 1131 consecutive patients undergoing elective resection for primary lung cancer over a period of 8 years, we identified 68 patients (35 females (51.4%), mean age 66 years, standard deviation (SD) 9 years) who had pathological N2 disease. All patients had positron emission computed tomography (CT-PET) staging and selective mediastinoscopy. A Cox-regression analysis was performed to identify prognostic factors. RESULTS: At a median follow-up of 38.7 months (standard error 10, 95% confidence interval (CI) 19.0–58.4), the overall median survival was 22.2 months (95% CI 14.6–29.8) with 1-, 2- and 5-year survival rates of 63.3, 46.6 and 13.2%, respectively. Survival after resection of pN2 disease is adversely affected by the need for pneumonectomy, multizone pN2b involvement and by non-compliance with adjuvant chemotherapy. Pathological involvement of the subcarinal zone but no other zone appears to be associated with an adverse prognosis (hazard ratio (HR) 1.87, P= 0.063). Importantly, long-term survival is not different between those patients who have a negative preoperative PET-CT scan and yet are found to have pN2 after resection, and those who are single-zone cN2a positive before resection on PET-CT scan (HR 1.37, P= 0.335). CONCLUSIONS: Our results support a policy of intentionally resecting single-zone N2a NSCLC identified preoperatively as part of a multimodality therapy.

As-required versus regular nebulized salbutamol for the treatment of acute severe asthma

Abstract: Current British guidelines for the administration of beta2-agonists in acute severe asthma recommend regular nebulized therapy in hospitalized patients, followed by as-required (p.r.n.) use via hand-held devices after discharge. Since beta2-agonists do not possess anti-inflammatory activity in vivo, and are thus unlikely to influence the rate of recovery from an asthma exacerbation, it was hypothesized that patients given the short-acting beta2-agonist salbutamol on an as-required basis after admission to hospital would recover as quickly as those on regular treatment, but with potential reductions in the total dose delivered. Forty-six patients with acute severe asthma were randomly assigned to either regular prescriptions of nebulized salbutamol or to usage on a p.r.n. basis, from 24 h after hospital admission. The primary outcome measures were length of hospital stay, time to recovery, and frequency of salbutamol nebulization from 24 h after admission to discharge. Secondary outcome measures were treatment side-effects (tremor, palpitations), and patient satisfaction. Length of hospital stay was reduced in those patients allocated to p.r.n. salbutamol (geometric mean (GM) 3.7 days) versus regular salbutamol (GM 4.7 days). Time taken for peak expiratory flow to reach 75% of recent best was the same in both groups. There was a highly significant reduction in the number of times nebulized therapy was delivered to the p.r.n. group (GM 7.0, range 1-30) compared with the regular treatment group (GM 14.0, range 4-57; p=0.003; 95% confidence interval for ratio of GMs 1.29-3.09). In addition, patients reported less tremor (p=0.062) and fewer palpitations (p=0.049) in the p.r.n. group. Of the patients in the p.r.n. group who had received regular nebulized therapy on previous admissions (n=12), all preferred the p.r.n. regimen. Prescribing beta2-agonists on a p.r.n. basis from 24 h after hospital admission is associated with reduced amount of drug delivered, incidence of side-effects, and possibly length of hospital stay. This has implications for the efficient use of healthcare resources.