Indian Institutes of Science Education and Research

About: Indian Institutes of Science Education and Research is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Gravitational wave & LIGO. The organization has 584 authors who have published 731 publications receiving 40599 citations. The organization is also known as: IISERs.

A 2D coordination polymer based on Co3-SBU showing spin-canting ferromagnetic behaviour

Abstract: A 2D MOF with the secondary building unit [Co3(CTC)6(Py)2(OH)2] is synthesized using the sodium salt of a flexible ligand, cis,cis-cyclohexane-1,3,5-tricarboxylate (Na-CTC), and a cobalt trimer ([Co3O(CH3COO)6(Py)3]·ClO4). Structural analysis shows that the complex crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/n and forms a 2D framework with channel sizes of 9.0 × 4.2 A2. Magnetic characterization shows spin-canting ferromagnetic behaviour at low temperatures. Frequency dependency for in-phase (χ′M) and out-of-phase (χ′′M) signals at low temperatures is observed from the AC measurements. The gas adsorption behaviour suggests selectivity towards CO2 over N2, and demonstrates enhancement of CO2 uptake (19–33 cm3 g−1) on lowering the temperature (273–195 K).

Quantum correlators in Friedmann spacetimes: The omnipresent de Sitter spacetime and the invariant vacuum noise

Abstract: We discuss several aspects of quantum field theory of a scalar field in a Friedmann universe. (i) We begin by showing that it is possible to map the dynamics of a scalar field with a given mass, in a given Friedmann background to another scalar field of a different mass in another Friedmann universe. In particular one can map the dynamics of (1) a massless scalar field in a universe with power-law expansion to (2) a massive scalar field in the de Sitter spacetime. This allows us to understand several features of either system in a simple manner and clarifies several issues related to the massless limit. (ii) We relate the Euclidean Green's function for the de Sitter spacetime to the solution of a hypothetical electrostatic problem in $D=5$ and obtain, in a very simple manner, a useful integral representation for Green's function. This integral representation is helpful in the study of several relevant limits and in recovering some key results which are---though known earlier---not adequately appreciated. One of these results is the fact that, in any Friedmann universe, sourced by a negative pressure fluid, the Wightman function for a massless scalar field is divergent. This shows that the divergence of Wightman function for the massless field in the de Sitter spacetime is just a special limiting case of this general phenomenon. (iii) We provide a generally covariant procedure for defining the power spectrum of vacuum fluctuations in terms of the different Killing vectors present in the spacetime. This allows one to study the interplay of the choice of vacuum state and the nature of the power spectrum in different coordinate systems in the de Sitter universe in a unified manner. (iv) As a specific application of this formalism, we discuss the power spectra of vacuum fluctuations in the static (and Painlev\'e) vacuum states in the de Sitter spacetime and compare them with the corresponding power spectrum in the Bunch-Davies vacuum. We demonstrate how these power spectra are related to each other in a manner similar to the power spectra detected by the inertial and Rindler observers in flat spacetime. This also gives rise to a notion of an invariant vacuum noise in the corresponding spacetimes which is observer independent. (v) In addition, several conceptual and technical issues regarding quantum fields in general cosmological spacetimes are clarified as a part of this study.

Modulating the magnetic properties by structural modification in a family of Co-Ln (Ln = Gd, Dy) molecular aggregates.

Abstract: Two types of heterometallic aggregates of the general formula [(CoII)3(CoIII)2Ln3(μ3-OH)5(O2CtBu)12(L)2]·2H2O (Ln = GdIII (1), DyIII (2)) and [(CoIII)3Ln3(μ3-OH)4(O2CtBu)6(L)3](NO3)2·2CH3CN·2H2O (Ln = GdIII (3), DyIII (4)) were successfully isolated in reactions with [Co2(μ-OH2)(O2CtBu)4]·(HO2CtBu)4, Ln(NO3)3 and n-N-butyldiethanolamine (H2L) under ambient conditions by a change in the stoichiometry of the reactants from 1 : 1 : 1 to 1 : 1 : 2 in order. Bond Valence Sum (BVS) calculations and bond lengths indicate the presence of mixed valent Co (CoII, CoIII) centres in compounds 1 and 2 and only CoIII centres in 3 and 4 as required for the charge balances and supported by the magnetic measurements. Isostructural crab shaped complexes 1 and 2 feature distorted cubane cores that edge share to each other whereas the metallic core of 3 or 4 displays hemicubane like arrangement of metal centres and oxygen atoms. Overall structural symmetry was found to enhance on moving from the former to the latter series of complexes. Magnetic studies reveal significant magnetic entropy changes for complexes 1 and 3 (−ΔSm = 21.57 and 19.39 J kg−1 K−1) and single molecular magnetic behaviour for 2 and 4.

Loading of an anti-cancer drug onto graphene oxide and subsequent release to DNA/RNA: a direct optical detection

Abstract: Graphene oxide based molecular switching of ellipticine (E) has been utilized to probe its efficient loading onto graphene oxide (GO) and subsequent release to intra-cellular biomolecules like DNA/RNA. The green fluorescence of E switches to blue in GO and switches back to green with polynucleotides. The intensified blue emission of the ellipticine–GO (E–GO) complex with human serum albumin (HSA), switches to a bluish green upon addition of dsDNA. Electron microscopy reveals the formation of distinctive 3D assemblies involving GO and biomolecule(s) probably through non-covalent interactions and this is primarily responsible for the biomolcule(s) assisted fluorescence-switching of E. To our knowledge, such morphological patterning of a GO–DNA complex is very unusual, reported here the first time and could find applications in the fabrication of biomedical devices. Moreover, our approach of direct optical detection of drug loading and releasing is very cheap, appealing and will be useful for clinical trial experiments once the cytotoxicity of GO is duly taken care.