Mexican Institute of Petroleum

About: Mexican Institute of Petroleum is a government organization based out in Mexico City, Mexico. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Catalysis & Asphaltene. The organization has 3273 authors who have published 4170 publications receiving 87269 citations.

Influence of silicon defects on the adsorption of thiophene-like compounds on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: a theoretical study using thiophene + coronene as the simplest model.

Abstract: Physisorption and chemisorption processes of thiophene on coronene and 2Si-coronene have been studied using density functional theory and MP2 methods. These systems have been chosen as the simplest models to describe the adsorption of thiophene-like compounds on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The calculated data suggest that the presence of silicon atoms in PAHs could favor their interaction with thiophene and similar compounds. Small stabilization energies have been found for several physisorbed complexes. The thiophene chemisorption on coronene seems very unlikely to occur, while that on 2Si-coronene leads to addition products which are very stable, with respect to the isolated reactants. These chemisorption processes were found to be exoergic (DeltaG < 0) in the gas phase and in the nonpolar liquid phase. The results reported in this work suggest that silicon defects on extended polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, such as graphite, soot, and large-diameter carbon nanotubes, could make them useful in the removal processes of aromatic sulfur compounds from oil hydrocarbons.

Extraction of Hydrocarbons from Crude Oil Tank Bottom Sludges using Supercritical Ethane

Abstract: A custom‐built, solvent recirculating, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) apparatus was used to study the extraction of hydrocarbons from a crude oil tank bottom sludge (COTBS) with supercritical ethane. The SFE experiments were carried out varying the pressure (10 MPa and 17.20 MPa) and temperature (35°C and 65°C). The yield of the extracted hydrocarbon fraction increased with increase in extraction pressure at constant temperature, and decreased with increase in extraction temperature at constant pressure. The maximum extraction yield was obtained at the pressure and temperature conditions that lead to the highest solvent density. The extracted hydrocarbon fraction was a significantly upgraded liquid relative to the original untreated COTBS.

Environmental implications on the oxygenation of gasoline with ethanol in the metropolitan area of Mexico City.

Abstract: Motor vehicle emission tests were performed on 12 in-use light duty vehicles, made up to the most representative emission control technologies in Mexico City: no catalyst, oxidative catalyst, and three way catalyst. Exhaust regulated (CO, NOx, and hydrocarbons) and toxic (benzene, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and 1,3-butadiene) emissions were evaluated for MTBE (5 vol %)- and ethanol (3, 6, and 10 vol %)-gasoline blends. The most significant overall emissions variations derived from the use of 6 vol % ethanol (relative to a 5% MTBE base gasoline) were 16% decrease in CO, 28% reduction in formaldehyde, and 80% increase in acetaldehyde emissions. A 26% reduction in CO emissions from the oldest fleet (less than MY 1991, without catalytic converter), which represents about 44% of the in-use light duty vehicles in Mexico City, can be attained when using 6 vol % ethanol-gasoline, without significant variation in hydrocarbons and NOx emissions, when compared with a 5% vol MTBE-gasoline. On the basis of the emissions results, an estimation of the change in the motor vehicle emissions of the metropolitan area of Mexico City was calculated for the year 2010 if ethanol were to be used instead of MTBE, and the outcome was a considerable decrease in all regulated and toxic emissions, despite the growing motor vehicle population. (A)

Catalyst Deactivation during Hydroprocessing of Maya Heavy Crude Oil. (II) Effect of Temperature during Time-on-Stream

Abstract: The effect of reaction temperature on catalyst deactivation during hydroprocessing of Maya heavy crude oil was studied. Experiments were carried out in a fixed-bed pilot plant at constant pressure, hydrogen-to-oil ratio, and space-velocity. Reaction temperature during 1120 h time-on-stream was varied from 400 to 430 °C. Catalyst deactivation was monitored by the changes in asphaltenes, sulfur, metals (V and Ni), and Rambottom carbon contents in the hydrotreated products. Fresh and spent catalysts were characterized by textural properties, metals, and carbon contents, and scanning electron microscopy. Coke and metals depositions were around 18.5 and 25%, respectively.