Showing papers by "National Tsing Hua University published in 1982"
TL;DR: In this paper, values of k and p were given for predicting inelastic mean free paths for electrons with energies from 200 eV to 10 keV from the simple formula λ = kEp, based on theoretical calculations for ten elemental and compound solids.
Abstract: Values of k and p are given for predicting inelastic mean free paths for electrons with energies from 200 eV to 10 keV from the simple formula λ = kEp, based on theoretical calculations for ten elemental and compound solids. These results indicate that in the energy range 400 eV ⩽ E ⩽ 2000 eV, the value of p lies in the range 0.65–0.80. For Si and SiO2, presentation of the available experimental data and theoretical results illustrate the differences which exist in the values of electron mean free paths.
129 citations
Patent•
30 Sep 1982TL;DR: In this paper, a non-volatile semiconductor memory comprises source and drain regions, a gate insulator film, a floating gate electrode, and a control gate above the floating gate.
Abstract: A non-volatile semiconductor memory comprises source
and drain regions (2,3) provided on a semiconductor substrate
(1) of one conductivity type opposite to that of the source
and drain regions, a gate insulator film (4) provided on
the surface of a portion of the substrate which is located
between the source and drain regions, a floating gate electrode
(6) provided on part of the gate insulator film, and a tunnel
insulator film abuts against the other part of the floating
gate electrode and constitutes a CVD insulator film (5)
An electrode, for example the drain region 3, transfers electric
charge between the same and the floating gate electrode,
provided opposite to the floating gate electrode through
the tunnel insulator film A control gate (8) is provided
above the floating gate electrode through an insulator film
75 citations
01 Oct 1982
TL;DR: The residual chromium level is less than 0.5 ppm after a 10-min treatment by either method as discussed by the authors, which is the best known residual level for a 10min treatment.
Abstract: Chromium(VI) is removed from aqueous solution using various foam separation techniques. Both adsorbing colloid flotation techniques using Fe(OH)3 or using Al(OH)3 as the adsorbing colloids are effective in removing chromium(VI) from solutions containing 50 ppm chromium(VI). The residual chromium is less than 0.5 ppm for a 10-min treatment. Sodium lauryl sulfate (NLS) is used as the collector. Chromium(VI) can also be removed from aqueous solution by reducing chromium(VI) to chromium(III) with FeSO4, and then, the resulting precipitates are removed by flotation using NLS as the collector. The residual chromium level is less than 0.5 ppm after a 10-min treatment. The presented flotation techniques are tested with the wastewater from an electroplating company. The wastewater contains 90 ppm chromium(VI) initially. The residual chromium is less than 0.5 ppm after a 10-min treatment by either method.
41 citations
Abstract: From the fronds of Pteris bella, three new pterosin-type compounds, I, III and XI, were isolated along with pterosins B (VI), C (II), Q (VII) and T (IV), setulosopterosin (X), pterosin C 3-O-β-D-glucoside (IX) and pterosin Q 3-O-β-D-glucoside (VIII). From the fronds of Pteridium aquilinum subsp. wightianum, two new pterosin-type compounds, XVI and XVII, were isolated along with pterosins C (II), D (XVIII), F (XXII), H (XX), I (XXI) and Z (XIX) and astragalin (XXIII). The structures of the new compounds were determined on the basis of chemical and spectral data.
38 citations
TL;DR: Results suggest that the N. nigricollis enzyme exerts its cardiotoxic action by increasing intracellular Ca 2+ levels, and correlate with, but may not be related to, phosphatidylserine hydrolysis.
37 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an incremental finite element procedure is presented to deal with practical viscoelastic structures with complicated geometries subjected to dynamic loadings. But the numerical error induced from the approximate inversion technique used is thus avoided.
27 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the two-step disilicide mechanism on polycrystalline silicon wafer and found that during the diffusion process of oxidation, poly-Si atoms transported through TiSi2 by grain boundary and/or interstitial diffusion.
Abstract: Oxidation mechanisms of titanium disilicide on polycrystalline silicon was investigated. Poly-Si was deposited on the oxidized Si wafer by CVD method, Ti was then deposited on the poly-Si by the electron beam gun and thus TiSi2 was formed by thermal annealing in vacuum. During the wet oxidation, Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS) results show a two-step oxidation process, namely, TiSi2 first dissociates and forms TiOx and SiO2, while after the formation of TiOx reaches the saturation level, the poly-Si rapidly diffuses through the TiSi2 to form SiO2. The calculated activation energy of reaction is 2.06 eV, and that of diffusion is 1.51 eV. Sheet resistances were measured and found to be consistent with the two-step oxidation model. Radioactive31Si was used as a marker to study the kinetics of the oxidation and found that during the diffusion process of oxidation, the poly-Si atoms transported through TiSi2 by grain boundary and/or interstitial diffusion.
27 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a delay operational matrix is constructed from the Walsh matrix, which is used to solve multi-delay linear dynamic systems, and a simple example is given to compare the actual solution and the solution obtained by the techniques of this paper.
Abstract: A matrix, called the “delay operational matrix”, is constructed from the Walsh matrix. This matrix, together with some matrices obtained from the delay operational matrix after performing right-shift operations, is used to solve multi-delay linear dynamic systems. A simple example is given to compare the actual solution and the solution obtained by the techniques of this paper.
26 citations
TL;DR: This paper proposes a new hashing scheme, called bucket-oriented symbolic Gray code, which can be used to produce any arbitrary Cartesian product file, which has been shown to be good for partial match queries.
Abstract: In this paper, we shall show that the symbolic Gray code hashing mechanism is not only good for best matching, but also good for partial match queries. Essentially, we shall propose a new hashing scheme, called bucket-oriented symbolic Gray code, which can be used to produce any arbitrary Cartesian product file, which has been shown to be good for partial match queries. Many interesting properties of this new multiattribute hashing scheme, including the property that it is a perfect hashing scheme, have been discussed and proved.
20 citations
TL;DR: The cocondensation reactions of difluorosilylene with cyclopentene and cyclohexa-1,3-diene have been studied in this article.
19 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the performance of metal oxides/SiO2 surface catalysts for the catalytic decomposition of methane and found that they were the most effective catalysts in terms of activity and selectivity.
Abstract: Methane decomposition over metal oxides/SiO2 surface was investigated. At 1400 K obtained product distribution of this decomposition varied with metal oxide used. The effectiveness of these catalysts has been discussed in terms of activity and C2 selectivity. ThO2/SiO2 was found to be the most effective catalyst for the catalytic decomposition of methane. Positive catalytic effect of ThO2/SiO2 on the pyrolysis has also been confirmed at 1073 K. At low reaction conversions, ethane and ethylene are found as major products. Yields of ethylene and other unsaturated products are sensitively inhibited by NO impurities in the methane. A reaction mechanism has been proposed to account observed experimental results.
TL;DR: In this paper, the variations of 10Be flux, 9Be concentration and 10Be/9Be atomic ratio from core to core are discussed in the light of a scavenging process of the beryllium isotopes.
Abstract: The concentration profiles of 9Be, 10Be and 230Thexc have been measured in two oceanic sediment cores from near Antarctica in the Pacific The 10Be and 9Be depth profiles in eleven Pacific cores investigated so far by our group have been summarized, and the variations of 10Be flux, 9Be concentration and 10Be/9Be atomic ratio from core to core are discussed in the light of a scavenging process of the beryllium isotopes
TL;DR: The electrical and optical properties of a-Si depend greatly on the fill gas and substrate temperature during RF sputtering as discussed by the authors, and it is estimated that after the introduction of H 2 gas during sputtering, the gap state density reduces from 3.2 × 10 19 cm −3 to 4.8 × 10 17 cm−3.
Abstract: The electrical and optical properties of a-Si depend greatly on the fill gas and substrate temperature during RF sputtering. From the measured absorption coefficient, it was estimated that after the introduction of H 2 gas during sputtering the gap state density reduces from 3.2 × 10 19 cm −3 to 4.8 × 10 17 cm −3 . As a consequence the optical band gap was found to increase from 1.74 to 1.82 eV. The d.c. conductivity measurement shows three distinct conducting mechanisms at different temperature regions. The SiH bonds in RF sputtered samples are persistant to higher temperature treatment than the CVD prepared ones.
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of axial conduction on turbulent heat transfer in a round pipe with uniform wall temperature was investigated and exact solutions were obtained by using the method of separation of variables.
Abstract: The effect of axial conduction was investigated for turbulent heat transfer in a round pipe with uniform wall temperature. Exact solutions were obtained by using the method of separation of variables for the two cases with and without the axial conduction term.
The solutions show that the effect of axial conduction is important at low Peclet numbers, say Pe < 100, but negligible in the thermally fully-developed region. Also, the fully developed Nusselt numbers depend only on Reynolds number at low Peclet numbers and the interpolation formula is proposed:
which fits the calculated data well in the liquid metal range 0.001 < Pr < 0.022 for Pe < 100.
TL;DR: In this paper, the dipole moment functions of HCN and DCN were calculated from the SCF and MRD-CI results of a previous study for the normal ν 2 bending vibrations of HCNs and DCNs.
TL;DR: The piecewise constant solution of the linear delay system is obtained after a matrix similar to the coefficient matrix of Walsh vector is introduced first to manipulate the product of two time functions.
TL;DR: In this article, a chemical analysis method has been developed for the determination of elemental compositions of CuInS 2 in the form of both synthesized charges and single crystals, which virtually eliminates interference effects among the constituent elements which hinders the precise determination.
TL;DR: In this paper, a general approach is presented to analyse linear systems by the use of the Walsh series expansion of composite functions, which is applied to analyze linear delay systems, in which the solution can be calculated directly without time-partition.
Abstract: A general approach is presented to analyse linear systems by the use of the Walsh series expansion of composite functions. The result is applied to analyse linear delay systems, in which the solution can be calculated directly without time-partition.
TL;DR: In this paper, a continuous time non-cooperative n-person Markov game with a stopped set is studied, and it is shown that there exists an optimal stationary point of strategies, called the equilibrium point, and each player has his equilibrium stationary strategy, such that the total expected discounted or nondiscounted gain are maximums.
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that differential quadrature of order 9 (9 points) provides approximately the same accurate results as the finite difference method (480 points) does.
Abstract: The numerical solution of nonlinear partial differential equations plays a very important role in may areas of physics, engineering and biology. In many cases all that is desired is a moderately accurate solution at a few points whcih can be calculated rapidly.
In this work, we present a simple and direct technique, the differential quadrature method, which can be applied in various classes of partial differential equations. It produces moderately accurate results for the points of interest, generally few in number, and eliminates the difficulties of programming complex algorithms for the computer, as well as excessive use of storage and computer time. We illustrate this technique with the solution of the model of isothermal reactors with axial mixing. The results are compared with the results obtained by using the finite difference method. It is shown that differential quadrature of order 9 (9 points) provides approximately the same accurate results as the finite difference method (480 points) does.
TL;DR: In this article, the microstructural changes of the BF 2 + -implanted silicon annealed by the intense irradiation of a flash tube were investigated using TEM and optical metallography.
Abstract: SEM, TEM and optical metallography have been applied to investigate the microstructural changes of the BF 2 + -implanted silicon annealed by the intense irradiation of a flash tube. Slip traces and electron diffraction patterns as revealed on the annealed wafers clearly indicate epitaxial regrowth from liquid to solid phase after flash annealing with energy density higher than 20 J/cm 2 . A strong-diffusion model has been used to solve the one-dimensional heat conduction of the flash irradiation on the semiconductor. The calculated threshold energy for the temperature of the surface to reach the melting point agrees well with experimental values.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors considered a two-player zero-sum Markov game with continuous time up to the time that the game process goes into a fixed subset of a countable state space, this subset is called a stopped set of the game.
TL;DR: In this paper, a single active particle immersed in inactive glass particles of the same size and shape was used to study the mass transfer between the solid particles and the flowing liquid in a packed bed.
TL;DR: In this article, a low-resolution analysis of the 3400-A system of S 2 O was performed at low resolution, and fluorescence quantum yields for the upper vibronic states were measured as a function of absorption peaks (bands).
TL;DR: In this paper, a convenient synthesis for varions (Z)-1-alkanesulfenyl-2-phenylethenes has been developed, which involves addition of different sodium thiolates to phenylacetylene in ethanol, and oxidation of the resulting varions with sodium metaperiodate supported on acidic alumina.
Abstract: A convenient synthesis for varions (Z)-1-alkanesulfinyl-2-phenylethenes has been developed. This involves addition of different sodium thiolates to phenylacetylene in ethanol, and oxidation of the resulting (Z)-1-alkanesulfenyl-2-phenylethenes [(Z)-styryl alkyl thioethers] with sodium metaperiodate supported on acidic alumina. The corresponding sulfones can be obtained by oxidation of these (Z)-styryl alkyl thioethers with hydrogen peroxide in glycial acetic acid, or, alternatively by reduction of the β-iodostyrylsulfones with zinc in acetic acid. These β-iodostyrylsulfones were obtained by addition of the corresponding sulfonyl iodides to phenylacetylene under the catalytic action of cupric chloride and triethylaminium chloride.
TL;DR: In this article, analytical methods have been developed for trace element determination in CuInS2 synthesized charges and single crystals, and interference effects from the matrix were eliminated, and impurities such as Au, Ag, Zn, Co, Ge, Cd, Ni and Sb, etc., have been determined.
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of carbon and carbon/plastic particles on the potential distribution of a packed bed electrode operated in a copper electrodeposition process has been studied, and the effects of the current source position and electric conductivity of packing material have been explored.
TL;DR: In this article, a triterpene lactone (I) and its glycosides II, III, IV were isolated from the fronds of Diplazium subsinuatum (WALL).
Abstract: From the fronds of Diplazium subsinuatum (WALL.) TAGAWA, a new triterpene lactone (I) and its glycosides II, III, IV were isolated. The structure of I was established as 17, 24-dihydroxyhopan-28, 22-olide on the basis of spectral data and chemical conversions. The glycoside II was identified as 17-hydroxy-24-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-hopan-28, 22-olide, III as 17-hydroxy-24-O-[α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→2)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-hopan-28, 22-olide and IV as 17-hydroxy-24-O-[α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→2)]-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-hopan-28, 22-olide by spectroscopic analysis and hydrolysis reactions.
TL;DR: In this article, the standard least squares procedure is shown to be a special case of our present more general method, the former being useful when the molecule is not too large, and a useful formalism for this technique is developed.
Abstract: Force constant refinement may be carried under a system of constraints imposed on well characterized modes as the refinement proceeds. Resulting stability permits the accurate calculation of many independent macromolecular force constants. A useful formalism for this technique is developed. Prediction of initially poorly characterized modes can emerge from this stability. A brief discussion of currently used refinement schemes has been included. We show that the standard least-squares procedure is a special case of our present more general method, the former being useful when the molecule is not too large.