National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences

About: National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences is a education organization based out in Islamabad, Pakistan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Computer science & The Internet. The organization has 1506 authors who have published 2438 publications receiving 26786 citations.

Automatic Fatigue Detection of Drivers through Pupil Detection and Yawning Analysis

Abstract: This paper presents a non-intrusive fatigue detection system based on the video analysis of drivers. The system relies on multiple visual cues to characterize the level of alertness of the driver. The parameters used for detecting fatigue are: eye closure duration measured through eye state information and yawning analyzed through mouth state information. Initially, the face is located through ViolaJones face detection method to ensure the presence of driver in video frame. Then, a mouth window is extracted from the face region, in which lips are searched through spatial fuzzy c-means (s-FCM) clustering. Simultaneously, the pupils are also detected in the upper part of the face window on the basis of radii, inter-pupil distance and angle. The monitored information of eyes and mouth are further passed to SVM (Support Vector Machines) that classify the true state of the driver. The system has been tested using real data, with different sequences recorded in day and night driving conditions, and with users belonging to different race and gender.

Improving Nastalique specific pre-recognition process for Urdu OCR

Abstract: Urdu language is written using Arabic script in Nastalique writing style. Nastalique script is highly cursive, context sensitive and is hard to process as only the last character in its ligature sits on the baseline. In addition, it exhibits character and ligature level spatial overlap. Due to these factors, the placement of dots and other diacritics is also highly contextual and variable. There is now increasing amount of work to process and recognize Nastalique script to develop Urdu OCR. This paper proposes improvements to these methods. The paper focuses on Nastalique specific pre-processing methods which can be employed before the text recognition process. The recognition and post recognition processes will be addressed separately.

Key Agreement Schemes in Wireless Body Area Networks: Taxonomy and State-of-the-Art

Abstract: Advances in wearable and implantable biosensors have enabled the applicability and usability of wireless body area networks (WBANs). A WBAN allows biosensors to collect and communicate human physiological data using wireless communication. The communication security of the collected data in WBAN is a major concern. Because of the dependability of cryptographic schemes for key management, these have become an important aspect of this security. However, the extremely constrained nature of biosensors has made designing key management schemes a challenging task. For this reason, many lightweight key management schemes have been proposed to overcome these constraints. In this article, we present a review of the state of the art of these solutions. We classify the WBAN schemes into three classes and evaluate them based on adequate metrics for key management in WBAN.