Showing papers by "National University of Singapore published in 1973"
TL;DR: In this article, a method of determining the effects of openings on the fundamental frequencies in plates with different types of boundary conditions is described, where the finite difference operators are developed for the reentrant corner, junction point, etc.
83 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an account of plants of economic importance, the names of which are recorded in Shih Ching, a classic said to have been edited by Confucius, and frequently quoted in his Analects.
Abstract: Bretschneider (2) once commented that most of the plants mentioned in the Chinese classics could safely be regarded as native to China. Unfortunately, he furmlished a list of classics including such works as Sheng-Lung Herbal and Er Yah; the former is attributed to Sheng-Lung, a Chinese mythological king who was regarded as the founder of Chinese Agriculture; the latter is a sort of dictionary to the classics, said to have been compiled by a student of Confucius, Tzu Shah. The credibility of both books is highly questionable. The present article is limited to an account of plants of economic importance, the names of which are recorded in Shih Ching, a classic said to have been edited by Confucius, and frequently quoted in his Analects. It had been translated into the English language under the titles, 'Book of Poetry' (9), 'Book of Songs' (15), 'Book of Odes' (6), and so forth. The transliteration of the Chinese ideographs of plant names into English in this article (see Tables I & II) follows Karlgren's "Book of Odes" (6), so are all the quotations of the original poems. The Latin and common names of the plants are all based on Bailey's Manual of cultivated plants (1). This article is an English summation of a paper written by the author (7) in Chinese, with full documentation from various Chinese and other sources, and only selected references are given at the end of this article. Controversial points such as the interpretation of certain plant names, homonymy and synonymy in Chinese nomenclature, etc., are not elaborated in this English version. When the tyrannical Emperor of the Ch'in dynasty, Shih Huang Ti, issued his edict for the destruction of classic works (around 213 B.C.), Shih Ching shared the calamity with all the others. However, the poems collected in the book, 305 in all, were fortunately very nearly recovered decades later, and one of the plausible explanations is that their preservation depended on the memory of scholars more than on their inscription upon tablets and silks. The late Dr. Hu Shih, a celebrated Chinese historian, philosopher and statesman, observed (5) that the only book which preserved the most reliable ancient Chinese historical materials is Shih Ching. He cited the following well-known stanza from a poem (193. Shi Yue chi kiao or 'At the conjunction in the tenth month') in the book as an example.
54 citations
35 citations
TL;DR: Hatching time was extremely variable, ranging from 2 to 5 days after fertilization, when the eggs were hatched in petri-dishes at a temperature of 27±1°C, but it was fairly constant at around 3 daysAfter fertilization when the larvae did not survive for more than a few days.
30 citations
TL;DR: The ultrastructural changes seen in the indirect flight muscles of Aedes togoi infected with Brugia pahangi included the disarray or disruption of the parasitized muscle fiber, the reduction and disorganization of the interfibrillar mitochondria, the Reduction of muscle glycogen and, finally, the complete dissolution of the muscle fiber.
Abstract: The ultrastructural changes seen in the indirect flight muscles of Aedes togoi infected with Brugia pahangi included the disarray or disruption of the parasitized muscle fiber, the reduction and disorganization of the interfibrillar mitochondria, the reduction of muscle glycogen and, finally, the complete dissolution of the muscle fiber. These changes are restricted to individual parasitized muscle fibers while adjacent non-parasitized fibers retain their usual arrangement. The damage inflicted to these parasitized fibers may be due to the presence and movement of the larvae within the fibrils and the active ingestion of muscle mitochondria by these developing larvae. The damaged muscle may be capable of partial repair as the extent of injury was usually less severe in infected mosquitoes from the 9th day after the infecting feed, when most of the infective larvae had migrated from the thorax to the head and proboscis.
27 citations
TL;DR: This paper describes the experience with cyclophosphamide in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus and suggests that cycloph phosphamide has an important, though not primary, part to play in the therapy of this disease.
Abstract: This paper describes our experience with cyclophosphamide in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus. Since 1965 42 such patients have been treated either singly with cyclophosphamide or in combination with steroid. Serious complications have been rare except for amenorrhoea, which occurred in 14 out of 32 patients within the reproductive period. Our experience suggests that cyclophosphamide has an important, though not primary, part to play in the therapy of this disease.
25 citations
TL;DR: Four different isolates of Cladosporium resinae from Australian soils were tested for their ability to utilize liquid n-alkanes ranging from n-hexane to n-octadecane under standard conditions, and these hydrocarbons exerted an inhibitory effect on spore germination and mycelial growth.
Abstract: Four different isolates of Cladosporium resinae from Australian soils were tested for their ability to utilize liquid n-alkanes ranging from n-hexane to n-octadecane under standard conditions. The isolates were unable to make use of n-hexane, n-heptane, and n-octane for growth. In fact, these hydrocarbons, particularly n-hexane, exerted an inhibitory effect on spore germination and mycelial growth. All higher n-alkanes from n-nonane to n-octadecane were assimilated by the fungus, although only limited growth occurred on n-nonane and n-decane. The long chain n-alkanes (C(14) to C(18)) supported good growth of all isolates, but there was no obvious correlation between cell yields and chain lengths of these n-alkanes. Variation in growth responses to individual n-alkane among the different isolates was also observed. The cause of this variation is unknown.
25 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that while smoking has no significant effect on gastric acid secretion in smokers and non-smokers, there appears to be a significant difference in the gastric secretory response to smoking between smokers andNon-smoker.
Abstract: Summary: The effect of smoking on gastric acid secretion was studied in 16 smokers and 16 non-smokers. The basal, smoking, and peak acid outputs were determined. Statistical analysis showed the following results: No significant difference was found between the mean basal acid output and mean smoking acid output, in both smokers and non-smokers. The mean peak acid output was significantly much higher than both the mean basal and smoking acid out-puts, in smokers and non-smokers. There was no significant difference in the mean basal, smoking, and peak acid outputs between smokers and non-smokers. When the difference between basal and smoking acid outputs were considered in each individual case, however, the smoking acid output tended to be lower than basal in smokers, but higher than basal in non-smokers. This difference was just significant. It is concluded that while smoking has no significant effect on gastric acid secretion in smokers and non-smokers, there appears to be a significant difference in the gastric secretory response to smoking between smokers and non-smokers.
24 citations
TL;DR: Ten infants with early congenital syphilis are presented, with the majority of them of low birth weight and Hepatosplenomegaly.
Abstract: SUMMARY
Ten infants with early congenital syphilis are presented Hepatosplenomegaly is a marked feature in all the infants The majority of them were of low birth weight Syphilitic pemphigus was present in 5, and hydrops fe talis in 4 Five infants survived, including one witn hydrops fetalis Early diagnosis and intensive therapy are necessary for survival A high index of swpicion is required for early and more frequent diagnosis of this condition
21 citations
TL;DR: Blood samples from a series of Dani speaking persons from Pit River, West Irian have been studied for genetic variants in 14 red cell enzyme and 5 serum protein systems, finding no unusual variant in the PGM2-System.
Abstract: Blood samples from a series of Dani speaking persons from Pit River, West Irian have been studied for genetic variants in 14 red cell enzyme and 5 serum protein systems. Four of the red cell enzyme systems were polymorphic: acid phosphatase, 6 phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, adenosine deaminase and phosphoglucomutase (locus 1). Two of the serum protein systems, haptoglobin and transferrin, were polymorphic. In the other systems three MDH “New Guinea-1” variants were detected and two persons with variants, one MS and one SS, in the protease inhibitor system were detected also. An unusual variant in the PGM (locus 2) system has not yet been adequately identified. All other systems were monomorphic.
19 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the femoral shaft was treated with compression plates for delayed and non-union of the humeral shaft, and bone grafts were used only in the first 2 cases.
Abstract: Summary Seventeen cases of delayed and non-union of the humeral shaft were treated with compression plates. Bone ends were excised in all but one in which the plate was applied directly over the fibrous union. Bone grafts were used only in the first 2 cases. Whenever compression and rigid fixation were effectively achieved and maintained, as in 14 cases (including the case in which the pseudarthrosis was not excised), primary bone union occurred within an average period of 8.5 weeks. When compression and fixation were not effectively achieved at operation or subsequently worked loose, as in 3 cases, union was slow to occur in 2 and failed in 1. If the bone is very porotic or the fracture line is a long spiral or if the non-union is just above the supracondylar region, the method is unsuitable and likely to fail.
TL;DR: It would appear that terbutaline is the drug of choice in acute asthma when subcutaneous administration is contemplated.
Abstract: A cross‐over study of the broncholytic and cardiovascular effects of subcutaneous administration of terbutaline (0‐5 mg), Th116Sa (0‐16 mg) and adrenaline (0‐5 mg) was carried out. All 3 drugs gave a rapid and pronounced broncholytic effect reaching a peak effect in 30 minutes. Terbutaline, however, had a significantly longer duration of action than either Th1165a or adrenaline. No difference was found between the latter 2 drugs. Palpitations and an increase in heart rate were more pronounced with Th1165a and differed significantly from terbutaline and adrenaline at the time of maximum bronchodilatory effect. It would thus appear that terbutaline is the drug of choice in acute asthma when subcutaneous administration is contemplated.
TL;DR: The clinical features of the lesion were consistent with those of a congenital epulis, but the histopathology was atypical, being that of a peripheral ossifying fibroma.
TL;DR: Although side effects after intra–amniotic administration of a single dose of prostaglandin 15 (S) 15–methyl–E2 methyl ester were minimal, accidental injection or rapid absorption of this amount of compound into the general circulation could cause serious side effects.
TL;DR: Blood samples from Batak of Samosir Island (Sumatra, Indonesia) have been studied for electrophoretic variants of haemoglobin, 14 red cell enzyme and 5 serum protein systems, and a single AK 2-1 person was detected.
Abstract: 188 blood samples from Batak of Samosir Island (Sumatra, Indonesia) have been studied for electrophoretic variants of haemoglobin, 14 red cell enzyme and 5 serum protein systems. The acid phosphatase, 6 PGD, PGM1 and ADA enzyme systems are polymorphic, and a single AK 2-1 person was detected. Polymorphism is present in the haptoglobin, transferrin and protease inhibitor systems. Two variant alleles, TfDchi and TfB are present in the transferrin system, but the B variant has not been identified. Similarly, 3 persons with caeruloplasmin variants were found, but also these variants have not been identified. No abnormal haemoglobins were detected. All other systems revealed the presence of only normal phenotypes.
TL;DR: As an abortifacient, this compound compared unfavorably to the 15 methyl analogs of prostaglandin E2, with a lower rate of effectiveness and a relatively high incidence of side effects.
TL;DR: The development of the larvae of Breinlia booliati a new filarial parasite of the forest rat Rattus sabanus in Aedes togoi is described, with complete larval development to the infective stage.
Abstract: The development of the larvae of Breinlia booliati a new filarial parasite of the forest rat Rattus sabanus in Aedes togoi is described. Complete larval development to the infective stage occurred in the fat body of the head, the thorax, and especially the abdomen of the mosquito. The first moult occurs at 7 days and the second at 11 days. As the larvae grow very rapidly in length, the parts of the parasitized fat body cells which harbour the developing larvae take on a syncytial appearance. By the 11th day, the larvae move out from the fat body into the haemocoele. The infective forms are found in the proboscis at the 12th day after the infecting blood meal.
TL;DR: Denervated Pacinian corpuscles from the slow loris (Nycticebus coucang) obtained on the 49th and 75th post-operative days were subjected to electron microscopic investigation as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Denervated Pacinian corpuscles from the slow loris (Nycticebus coucang) obtained on the 49th and 75th post-operative days were subjected to electron microscopic investigation. Unremoved myelin debris occurred within the endoneurial tube during the early stages of regeneration and there was extensive fibrosis in the later stages. These factors may prevent the reinnervating nerve fibre from entering the corpuscle. The changes in the blood vessels may be due to disuse atrophy.
TL;DR: There was a significant positive correlation between the level of storage iron in these organs and the birth weight and gestational age of the infant.
Abstract: Summary
Storage iron was estimated in the livers and kidneys of 12 premature and 12 mature stillborn infants. In both organs, the total storage iron content more than doubled during the last weeks of gestation. There was a significant positive correlation between the level of storage iron in these organs and the birth weight and gestational age of the infant.
TL;DR: A detailed study of the effect of azide and other interfering agents on a number of various carbohydrates have been made with some suggestions as to how errors may be avoided.
TL;DR: A morphological study of the spinal ganglia in the slow loris has been performed with the electron microscope and the presence of unusual membrane-particle complexes in the peripheral part of some of the neuronal perikaryon is found.
Abstract: A morphological study of the spinal ganglia in the slow loris (Nycticebus coucang coucang) has been performed with the electron microscope. Two cell types, light and dark, are reported and their significance is discussed. The most important feature is the presence of unusual membrane-particle complexes in the peripheral part of some of the neuronal perikaryon. Each complex is composed of a parallel array of smooth-surfaced cisternae with large glycogen-like particles between the cisternae. The chemical nature of these particles is briefly discussed and it is suggested that they are glycogen particles.
TL;DR: The drug immobilized all the three stages of the parasite, including the infective larvae, microfilariae and adult worms of Breinlia sergenti, occurring in slow loris.
TL;DR: Amniotic fluid urea was not a useful index of fetal maturity and could be used to pick up “mature” fetuses but there was a false positive pick‐up of 5%.
Abstract: Amniotic fluid creatinine, uric acid and urea were measured by an automated method in 127 pregnancies. The concentration of each solute increased with gestational age. A creatinine concentration of...
TL;DR: In this paper, a grid frame work model is extended to obtain the natural frequencies of square plates with stiffened square openings, which eliminates the use of fictitious points at the reentrant corner point, junction point, etc.
TL;DR: Rabbit antibody to highly purified HeLa cell heat-stable alkaline phosphatases (anti-H) was used to characterise the parent antigen (HAP) and, comparatively, the human placental and intestinal isoenzymes and could clearly differentiate IAP from PAP and HAP but not the latter two from each other.