Osaka Institute of Technology

About: Osaka Institute of Technology is a education organization based out in Osaka, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Thin film & Laser. The organization has 2457 authors who have published 4247 publications receiving 49872 citations. The organization is also known as: Ōsaka kōgyō daigaku.

Culturally-situated pictogram retrieval

Abstract: This paper studies the patterns of cultural differences observed in pictogram interpretation. We conducted a 14-month online survey in the U.S. and Japan to ask the meaning of 120 pictograms used in a pictogram communication system. A total of 935 respondents in the U.S. and 543 respondents in Japan participated in the survey to submit pictogram interpretations which added up to compose an average of 147 English interpretations and 97 Japanese interpretations per pictogram. Three human judges independently analyzed the English-Japanese pictogram interpretation words, and as a result, 19 pictograms were found to have culturally different interpretations by two or more judges. The following patterns of cultural differences in pictogram interpretation were observed: (1) two cultures share the same underlying concept, but have different perspectives on the concept, (2) two cultures only partially share the same underlying concept, and (3) two cultures do not share any common underlying concept.

High-Speed Twin-Roll Strip Casting of Al–Mg–Si Alloys with High Iron Content

Abstract: Thin strips of the 6063 aluminum alloy and the alloys with increased nominal Fe contents (0.7–6 mass%Fe) were fabricated directly from the molten alloys using a vertical-type high speed twin-roll strip caster equipped with a pair of water-cooled pure copper rolls. The estimated cooling rates from the DAS measurement were about 4500 and 100 � C/s at the near the surface region and the mid-thickness region of the strip respectively. Refinement of Al–Fe–Si intermetallic compound particles was also successfully achieved, however, segregated coarse particles were also observed at the mid-thickness region. The cast strips were cold-rolled and heat-treated to form 0.5 mm-thick thin sheets. They were either naturally aged at room temperature (T4) or artificially aged (T6), and then subjected to bending, tensile and hardness tests. No detrimental effect of Fe was appeared concerning the bendability even in the alloy containing 3 mass%Fe. No cracking took place even in the 180 � bending (hemming) test. The reduction of age-hardenability was evident for the alloy with 1 mass%Fe and more. The alloy sheet containing 0.7 mass%Fe exhibited not only a good bendability in the T4 condition but also the larger proof stress and UTS than those of the master alloy in the T6 condition. This means that the capacity of Fe impurity in a 6063 alloy (0.35 mass% according to JIS) can be doubled by using the present roll caster. Strip casting at a high cooling rate using the present roll caster is considered to be a promising method for reducing the detrimental effect of impurity iron from the scrap melt.

A Finite Difference Scheme for Some Nonlinear Diffusion Equations in an Absorbing Medium: Support Splitting Phenomena

Abstract: In the porous media equation vt=(vm)xx (m > 1), it is well known that there appears a finite propagation of the initial support and that, if the initial support is connected, so is $\mbox{supp }\! v(t,\cdot)$ for $t>0$. When the effect of the absorption is considered as the additional lower order term -cvp (c >0, p >0), the possibility that the support will split is expected. Rosenau and Kamin [Phys. D, 8 (1983), pp. 273--283] tried the numerical computations and suggested the support splitting phenomena. But the theoretical justification is not discussed. In this paper, such phenomena are investigated by use of finite difference schemes, and the sufficient conditions under which the support begins to split are obtained in the specific case where m+p=2 and 0