Showing papers by "Shandong University published in 1999"
TL;DR: In this article, the authors obtained the following limit theorem: if a sequence of RCLL supersolutions of a backward stochastic differential equations (BSDE) converges monotonically up to (y, z) with E[sup t istg |y� t istg ] < ∞, then the supersolution itself is a RCLL of the same BSDE (Theorem 2.4 and 3.6).
Abstract: We have obtained the following limit theorem: if a sequence of RCLL supersolutions of a backward stochastic differential equations (BSDE) converges monotonically up to (y
t
) with E[sup
t
|y
t
|2] < ∞, then (y
t
) itself is a RCLL supersolution of the same BSDE (Theorem 2.4 and 3.6). We apply this result to the following two problems: 1) nonlinear Doob–Meyer Decomposition Theorem. 2) the smallest supersolution of a BSDE with constraints on the solution (y, z). The constraints may be non convex with respect to (y, z) and may be only measurable with respect to the time variable t. this result may be applied to the pricing of hedging contingent claims with constrained portfolios and/or wealth processes.
378 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, several equivalent circuits for the faradaic electrode process involving n state variables besides electrode potential are established in terms of the corresponding FAR equation in the case of ignoring mass transport, and the correspondence between element values of the circuits and electrochemical parameters of the FAR equation has also been determined by comparing the admittance or impedance of the equivalent circuit and the FAR equations.
Abstract: Several different types of equivalent circuits for the faradaic electrode process involving n state variables besides electrode potential are established in terms of the corresponding faradaic admittance equation in the case of ignoring mass transport. These circuits can develop into general equivalent circuits by introducing negative resistive and inductive and capacitive elements, each of which can be used to analyze any electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of the faradaic electrode process under electrochemical reaction control. The correspondence between element values of the circuits and electrochemical parameters of the faradaic admittance equation has also been determined by comparing the admittance or impedance of the equivalent circuit and the faradaic admittance or impedance equation. The use of general equivalent circuits, together with the faradaic admittance equation, greatly simplifies the analysis of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for the faradaic electrode processes. © 1999 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
259 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the structural, optical and electrical properties of the zinc oxide films have been studied and the effects of heat treatment for the as-deposited films in air and vacuum are investigated.
177 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the ability of quantum chemistry to select corrosion inhibitors, quantum chemical calculations have been applied to the six kinds of Schiff base, and the corresponding structures have been optimized and the energies and coefficients of their molecular orbitals have been calculated using the semi-empirical MINDO/3 method.
176 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of Schiff bases on the corrosion of copper inhydrocholoric has been studied and it was shown that the Schiff base of V-pph-V at aconcentration of 10−3 mol⧸dm3 can give 99.4% inhibition at 20°C.
169 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a doped nonlinear optical crystal, ytterbium: yttrium aluminum borate, Yb3+:YAl3(BO3)4, has been grown with good optical quality in a high-temperature solution from K2Mo3O10 and B2O3 fluxes.
Abstract: The doped nonlinear optical crystal, ytterbium: yttrium aluminum borate, Yb3+:YAl3(BO3)4, has been grown with good optical quality in a high-temperature solution from K2Mo3O10 and B2O3 fluxes. Room- and low-temperature absorption and fluorescence spectra have been measured, and spectral parameters have been calculated. The ground-state energy-level splitting is 581 cm-1. The emission lifetime, the absorption cross section, and the peak emission cross section are 0.68 ms, 3.4×10-20 cm2, and 0.8×10-20 cm2, respectively. In comparison with established laser crystals, the results for the cross sections, lifetime, and energy splitting suggest that this crystal has potential as an efficient self-frequency-doubled laser operating in the green.
151 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a new nonlinear optical crystal of coordination complex, zinc cadmium tetrathiocyanate (ZnCd(SCN)4), was successfully synthesized through several reactions in water.
143 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of reaction temperature and organic additives on the particulate properties such as the particle morphology and size are discussed. And the result reveals that high temperature leads to a similar growth speed of different crystallographic planes and several templates result in the formation of particles with different morphologies and sizes.
129 citations
TL;DR: Results show a clear relationship between the lipid composition, the frequency of ethanol‐induced respiratory deficient mutants, and the ethanol tolerance of S. cerevisiae.
Abstract: The frequency of ethanol-induced respiratory deficient mutants and lipid composition in two Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains showing different degrees of ethanol tolerance were investigated. The more ethanol-tolerant strain exhibited a lower frequency of ethanol-induced respiratory deficient mutants than the less ethanol-tolerant strain. In addition, the more ethanol-tolerant strain contained a higher ergosterol/phospholipid ratio, a higher proportion of phosphatidylcholine, a lower proportion of phosphatidylethanolamine, a higher incorporation of long-chain fatty acids in total phospholipids, and a slightly higher proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in total phospholipids than the less ethanol-tolerant strain. These results show a clear relationship between the lipid composition, the frequency of ethanol-induced respiratory deficient mutants, and the ethanol tolerance of S. cerevisiae. A possible explanation of this relationship is discussed.
123 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the infra-red spectroscopic data for a series of 88 sandwich-type (na)phthalocyaninato and porphyrinato rare earth complexes, including heteroleptic double-and triple-deckers, have been collected and systematically studied.
92 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, it is shown that each plane graph without 4-cycles is 4-choosable.
TL;DR: A series of new yttrium(III) double-decker complexes with the same and different phthalocyaninato and porphyrinato ligands has been prepared.
Abstract: A series of new yttrium(III) double-decker complexes with the same and different phthalocyaninato and porphyrinato ligands has been prepared. The homoleptic complexes Y(P)2 (P = Pc*(C7H15)8, Pc*(OC5H11)8; Pc* = 2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-octasubstituted phthalocyaninate) have been synthesized by treating yttrium(III) acetylacetonate (Y(acac)3·H2O) with the phthalonitriles C6H2R2(CN)2 (R = C7H15, OC5H11) in the presence of 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU). The heteroleptic analogues Y(P)(Pc) (P = Pc*(C7H15)8, Pc*(OC5H11)8; Pc = unsubstituted phthalocyaninate) and Y(P)(Por) (P = Pc, Pc*(C7H15)8; Por = meso-tetraphenylporphyrinate (TPP), meso-tetra(4-pyridyl)porphyrinate (TPyP)) have been prepared by the base-catalysed tetramerization of the corresponding phthalonitriles using Y(P)(acac) (P = Pc, TPP, TPyP) as templates. The syntheses along with the spectroscopic and electrochemical properties of these novel double-deckers are described.
TL;DR: In this paper, the thermal expansion coefficients along a- and c-axis are α 1 = 2.2 × 10 -6 /K, and α 3 = 8.4 × 10 −6/K respectively.
Abstract: Nd:YVO 4 crystal has been grown by Czochralski method. The data of thermal expansion and specific heat have been measured. The thermal expansion coefficients along a- and c-axis are α 1 = 2.2 × 10 -6 /K, and α 3 = 8.4 × 10 -6 /K respectively. The specific heat is 24.6 cal/mol K at 330 K. The large anisotropy along c- and a-axis of thermal expansion coefficients is explained by the structure of YVO 4 crystal. 921 mW output laser at 1.06 μm has been obtained with a 3 mm × 3 mm × 1 mm crystal sample when pumped by 1840 mW cw laser diode, and the slope efficiency is 55.5%.
TL;DR: In this article, the laser action of the Yb:YCOB crystal has been demonstrated when it is pumped by a fiber-coupled laser diode at the wavelength of 976.4nm.
Abstract: Yb:Ca4YO(BO3)3 (Yb:YCOB) crystal with good quality and large size has been grown by the Czochralski method. The polarization absorption and fluorescence spectra have been measured. The laser action of the Yb:YCOB crystal has been demonstrated when it is pumped by a fiber-coupled laser diode (LD) at the wavelength of 976.4 nm. The pumping threshold is 55 mW, the light-light conversion efficiency is 58.7%, and a slope efficiency of up to 73% is thus calculated.
TL;DR: In this paper, the intracavity photon density and initial population inversion density in the diode-pumped actively Q-switched laser rate equations are assumed to be Gaussian distributions.
Abstract: The intracavity photon density and initial population inversion density in the diode-pumped actively Q-switched laser rate equations are assumed to be Gaussian distributions. These space-dependent rate equations are solved numerically and a group of general curves are generated. By using these curves and the related formulas, the pulse parameters of an arbitrary actively Q-switched laser can be easily estimated and an optimally coupled Q-switched laser can be designed. A sample calculation for a Q-switched Nd/sup 3+/:YVO/sub 4/ laser is presented to demonstrate the use of the curves and the related formulas.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors considered spectral problems of second-order vector difference equations with two-point boundary value conditions, where the matrix-valued coefficient of the leading term may be singular.
TL;DR: In this article, density functional theory was used to study the hydrogen bonding between the water molecule and the hydroxyl radical and the interaction energies for various isomers were calculated at the UB3LYP, UMP2 and CCSD(T) levels.
TL;DR: During ethanol shock treatment at 18% (v/v) ethanol, yeast cells with a higher concentration of PI lost their viability much more slowly than those with a lower concentration, indicating that the PI content in these yeast cells can play an important role in ethanol production and ethanol tolerance.
Abstract: The effect of inositol addition on phospholipids, cell growth, ethanol production and ethanol tolerance in a high ethanol producing Saccharomyces sp were studied. Addition of inositol greatly influenced major phospholipid synthesis. With inositol in the fermentation medium, phosphatidylinositol (PI) content was increased, while phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) were decreased. However, without inositol in the fermentation medium, PI content dropped down within 24 h, then increased, but was lower than in the presence of inositol. When yeast cells had a higher content of PI, they produced ethanol much more rapidly and tolerated higher concentrations of ethanol. During ethanol shock treatment at 18% (v/v) ethanol, yeast cells with a higher concentration of PI lost their viability much more slowly than those with a lower concentration of PI, indicating that the PI content in these yeast cells can play an important role in ethanol production and ethanol tolerance. Fatty acids and ergosterol were not responsible for high ethanol tolerance and high ethanol production in this yeast strain.
TL;DR: In this article, a diode-laser-array end-pumped efficient CW Nd:GdVO4 laser at 1.06μm has been developed, achieving an optical conversion efficiency of 55% and an average slope efficiency of 62%.
Abstract: A diode-laser-array end-pumped efficient CW Nd:GdVO4 laser at 1.06 μm has been developed. A low-order-mode output power of 14.3 W was obtained at the maximum available pump power of 26 W, giving an optical conversion efficiency of 55% and an average slope efficiency of 62%. The laser output beam quality factor at full pump power was determined to be M2<1.8. It is also shown that only lightly doped Nd:GdVO4 crystals are suitable for high-power end-pumped lasers.
TL;DR: For planar graphs with Δ = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 30, 31, 32, 34, 35, 36, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 62, 63,
Abstract: The linear arboricity la(G) of a graph G is the minimum number of linear forests that partition the edges of G. Akiyama, Exoo, and Harary conjectured that [Δ/2] ≤ la(G) ≤ [Δ+1/2] for any simple graph G with maximum degree Δ. The conjecture has been proved to be true for graphs having Δ = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10. Combining these results, we prove in the article that the conjecture is true for planar graphs having Δ(G) ≠ 7. Several related results assuming some conditions on the girth are obtained as well. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Graph Theory 31: 129134, 1999
TL;DR: In this article, the synthesis and crystal growth of Nd x Gd 1− x COB are reported and the polarized transmittance spectra and fluorescence spectra were measured at room temperature.
TL;DR: In this paper, the equilibrium shape of a single YVO 4 polycrystalline material is developed, which is composed of {1 −0 −0} and {1 -0 −1} simple forms.
TL;DR: In this article, a probabilistic approach to homogenization problems of viscosity solutions of systems of semilinear parabolic PDEs is presented. But the main tool is the nonlinear Feynman-Kac formula.
Abstract: In this paper, we develop the probabilistic approach to homogenization problems of viscosity solutions of systems of semilinear parabolic PDEs. Our main tool is the nonlinear Feynman-Kac formula.
TL;DR: In this article, the existence and uniqueness results of the solution to fully coupled forward-backward stochastic differential equations with Brownian motion and Poisson process are obtained, and the continuity of solution depending on parameters is also proved.
Abstract: Existence and uniqueness results of the solution to fully coupled forward-backward stochastic differential equations with Brownian motion and Poisson process are obtained. Many stochastic Hamilton systems arising in stochastic optimal control systems with random jump and in mathematical finance with security price discontinuously changing can be treated with these results. The continuity of the solution depending on parameters is also proved in this paper.
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that there exists a positive integer k 0 such that every large even integer is a sum of four squares of primes and k 0 powers of 2.
Abstract: As an extension of the Linnik-Gallagher results on the “almost Goldbach” problem, we prove, among other things, that there exists a positive integer k0 such that every large even integer is a sum of four squares of primes and k0 powers of 2.
TL;DR: In this paper, the potential energy surface for the reaction of methoxy radical with carbon monoxide has been studied using the G2(B3LYP/MP2/CC) method.
Abstract: The potential energy surface for the reaction of methoxy radical with carbon monoxide has been studied using the G2(B3LYP/MP2/CC) method. Two reaction mechanisms were revealed. The hydrogen abstraction of CH3O by CO produces CH2O + HCO via a barrier of 24.19 kcal/mol. The addition of CH3O to CO proceeds to an intermediate CH3OCO via a barrier of 6.39 kcal/mol. The products, CH3 and CO2, can be formed in two ways. One is the C−O bond cleavage of the CH3OCO radical. The other involves the isomerization of CH3OCO to the CH3CO2 radical and the subsequent C−C bond fission. CH2O and HCO can be formed via the path CH3OCO → TS6 → IM4 → TS7 → CH2O + HCO. A radical product, CH2COOH, is formed through the hydrogen rearrangement of the CH3CO2 radical. Multichannel RRKM calculations have been carried out for the total and individual rate constants for various channels over a wide range of temperatures and pressures using the ab initio data. At lower temperatures, the title reaction is dominated by the stabilization of...
TL;DR: In this paper, the growth shape of Yb:YVO 4 single crystal which is composed of {100} and {101} simple forms has been discussed and the data of thermal expansion and specific heat of the crystal have been measured.
Abstract: An Yb:YVO 4 single crysal with good optical quality and large size has been grown by the Czochralski method. We have discussed the growth shape of Yb:YVO 4 single crystal which is composed of {100} and {101} simple forms. The data of thermal expansion and specific heat of the crystal have been measured. The thermal expansion coefficients along a- and c-axis directions are α 1 = 1.5 × 10 -6 /K and α 3 = 8.2 × 10 -6 /K, respectively. The specific heat is 30.4 cal/mol K at 320 K. The absorption and fluorescence spectra have been measured.