Stockholm County Council

About: Stockholm County Council is a government organization based out in Stockholm, Sweden. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 1410 authors who have published 2429 publications receiving 78936 citations.

Cigarette smoking, oral moist snuff use and glucose intolerance

Abstract: . Persson P-G, Carlsson S, Svanstrom L, Ostenson C-G, Efendic S, Grill V (Karolinska Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden). Cigarette smoking, oral moist snuff use and glucose intolerance. J Intern Med 2000; 248: 103–110. Objective. To investigate the association between cigarette smoking and use of oral moist snuff and impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes. Design. We performed a population-based cross-sectional study of glucose intolerance and tobacco use in Stockholm during 1992–94. The sample consisted of 3128 men, aged 35–56 years, of whom 52% had a family history of diabetes. In an oral glucose tolerance test, we detected 55 men with type 2 diabetes and 172 with impaired glucose tolerance. Information on cigarette smoking and oral moist snuff use was collected by a questionnaire. Results. The odds ratio of type 2 diabetes was increased for smokers of 25+ cigarettes day–1 (odds ratio = 2.6, 95% confidence interval = 1.1–5.9) as well as for moist snuff dippers of 3+ boxes week–1 (odds ratio = 2.7, 95% confidence interval = 1.3–5.5). The odds ratio of relatively high (highest tertile) fasting insulin levels in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance associated with cigarette smoking of 25+ cigarettes day–1 was 1.5 (95% confidence interval = 0.7–3.6). The corresponding estimate of a relatively low (lowest tertile) 2 h insulin response was 2.5 (95% confidence interval = 0.9–7.1). Conclusions. These results indicate that heavy users of cigarettes or moist snuff have an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. The results could suggest that tobacco use is associated with a low insulin response.

Breastfeeding in countries of the European Union and EFTA: current and proposed recommendations, rationale, prevalence, duration and trends.

Abstract: Recommendations suggest exclusive breast feeding for at least the first 4 to 6 months after birth. Paradoxically, an overwhelming proportion of breast feeding (BF) data in Europe refers to all BF, ...

Refugee migration and risk of schizophrenia and other non-affective psychoses: cohort study of 1.3 million people in Sweden.

Abstract: Objective To determine whether refugees are at elevated risk of schizophrenia and other non-affective psychotic disorders, relative to non-refugee migrants from similar regions of origin and the Swedish-born population. Design Cohort study of people living in Sweden, born after 1 January 1984 and followed from their 14th birthday or arrival in Sweden, if later, until diagnosis of a non-affective psychotic disorder, emigration, death, or 31 December 2011. Setting Linked Swedish national register data. Participants 1 347 790 people, including people born in Sweden to two Swedish-born parents (1 191 004; 88.4%), refugees (24 123; 1.8%), and non-refugee migrants (132 663; 9.8%) from four major refugee generating regions: the Middle East and north Africa, sub-Saharan Africa, Asia, and Eastern Europe and Russia. Main outcome measures Cox regression analysis was used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios for non-affective psychotic disorders by refugee status and region of origin, controlling for age at risk, sex, disposable income, and population density. Results 3704 cases of non-affective psychotic disorder were identified during 8.9 million person years of follow-up. The crude incidence rate was 38.5 (95% confidence interval 37.2 to 39.9) per 100 000 person years in the Swedish-born population, 80.4 (72.7 to 88.9) per 100 000 person years in non-refugee migrants, and 126.4 (103.1 to 154.8) per 100 000 person years in refugees. Refugees were at increased risk of psychosis compared with both the Swedish-born population (adjusted hazard ratio 2.9, 95% confidence interval 2.3 to 3.6) and non-refugee migrants (1.7, 1.3 to 2.1) after adjustment for confounders. The increased rate in refugees compared with non-refugee migrants was more pronounced in men (likelihood ratio test for interaction χ 2 (df=2) z=13.5; P=0.001) and was present for refugees from all regions except sub-Saharan Africa. Both refugees and non-refugee migrants from sub-Saharan Africa had similarly high rates relative to the Swedish-born population. Conclusions Refugees face an increased risk of schizophrenia and other non-affective psychotic disorders compared with non-refugee migrants from similar regions of origin and the native-born Swedish population. Clinicians and health service planners in refugee receiving countries should be aware of a raised risk of psychosis in addition to other mental and physical health inequalities experienced by refugees.

Increased prevalence of hypertension in a population exposed to aircraft noise.

Abstract: Objectives—To investigate whether there is a relation between residential exposure to aircraft noise and hypertension. Methods—The study population comprised two random samples of subjects aged 19‐80 years, one including 266 residents in the vicinity of Stockholm Arlanda airport, and another comprising 2693 inhabitants in other parts of Stockholm county. The subjects were classified according to the time weighted equal energy and maximum aircraft noise levels at their residence. A questionnaire provided information on individual characteristics including history of hypertension. Results—The prevalence odds ratio for hypertension adjusted for age, sex, smoking, and education was 1.6 (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.0 to 2.5) among those with energy averaged aircraft noise levels exceeding 55 dBA, and 1.8 (95% CI 1.1 to 2.8) among those with maximum aircraft noise levels exceeding 72 dBA. An exposure-response relation was suggested for both exposure measures. The exposure to aircraft noise seemed particularly important for older subjects and for those not reporting impaired hearing ability. Conclusions—Community exposure to aircraft noise may be associated with hypertension. (Occup Environ Med 2001;58:769‐773)