University of Pamplona

About: University of Pamplona is a education organization based out in Pamplona, Colombia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Foreign language. The organization has 1951 authors who have published 1700 publications receiving 9156 citations. The organization is also known as: UP.

Evaluación de la Actividad Antioxidante del Aceite Esencial Foliar de Myrcianthes leucoxyla de Norte de Santander (Colombia)

Abstract: espanolSe ha determinado la composicion quimica y la actividad antioxidante del aceite esencial foliar de la especie Myrcianthes leucoxyla recolectada en el departamento de Norte de Santander (Colombia). La extraccion del aceite se realizo por arrastre con vapor de agua y la identificacion de los componentes mayoritarios se hizo por Cromatografia de Gases de Alta Resolucion. Para determinar la actividad antioxidante de los aceites se usaron dos metodos: capacidad de atrapamiento del cation radical ABTS+. y capacidad de atrapamiento del radical DPPH. La inhibicion con la metodologia del radical DPPH no supero el 15%, mientras que con el radical ABTS+.el porcentaje de inhibicion fue alto. Esto sugiere que en el aceite esencial estudiado se encuentran presentes compuestos donadores de hidrogeno o electrones que pueden estabilizar al radical cationico ABTS+. EnglishThe chemical composition and the antioxidant activity of leaf essential oil of the species Myrcianthes leucoxylain collected in the department of Norte de Santander (Colombia) were determined. The extraction of the oil was performed by steam stripping and the identification of the major components was done by High Performance Gas Chromatography. To determine the antioxidant activity of the oil two methods were employed: entrapment capacity of the radical cation ABTS+.and entrapment capacity of the radical DPPH. Inhibition with the DPPH.radical methodology did not exceed 15%, while with the radical ABTS+. the percent inhibition was higher. This suggest that in the essential oil studied hydrogen donors or electrons which can stabilize the radical cation ABTS+.are present.

Lymnaea cousini , huésped de Fasciola hepatica en el trópico alto andino de Colombia, y sus nuevos haplotipos, confirmados con el marcador mitocondrial del gen de la citocromo oxidasa I

Abstract: Introduccion. La fasciolosis es la enfermedad transmitida por vectores con mayor distribucion latitudinal, longitudinal y altitudinal, debido a la capacidad colonizadora del parasito Fasciola hepatica y de sus huespedes intermediarios, los moluscos limneidos. Estos caracoles se investigan por su importancia epidemiologica, pero su identificacion taxonomica es dificil por la similitud fenotipica entre especies. En este sentido, con respecto a Lymnaea cousini , un huesped de F. hepatica en Colombia, existe incertidumbre en razon de su similitud morfologica con L. meridensis , descrita recientemente en Venezuela. Objetivo. Confirmar con el marcador del gen de la citocromo oxidasa I en el ADN mitocondrial COI (ADNmt), el estatus taxonomico de ejemplares morfologicamente caracterizados como L. cousini provenientes de Narino, Norte de Santander y Santander (Colombia), depositados en la Coleccion de Moluscos Vectores de la Universidad de Antioquia, VHET N° 37. Materiales y metodos. Para la amplificacion del COI mitocondrial, se extrajo ADN total del pie de cada ejemplar con el estuche DNeasy Blood and Tissue (Qiagen®). Los productos amplificados se enviaron a secuenciar a Macrogen Inc., Corea. Las 27 secuencias generadas en esta investigacion se compararon con secuencias publicadas en el GenBank, incluidas las secuencias de la localidad tipo de L. cousini . Resultados. Se encontraron dos nuevos haplotipos de L. cousini para Colombia. Los especimenes de Narino correspondian al haplotipo A, referenciado en Ecuador, y los especimenes de Santander y Norte de Santander, a un nuevo haplotipo al que se denomino D. Conclusion. Mediante el marcador mitocondrial del COI, se confirmo que los especimenes pertenecian a la especie L. cousini. Con el hallazgo se duplico el numero de haplotipos conocidos de la especie en Colombia y se amplio su distribucion geografica al suroeste y nordeste de la region altoandina colombiana.

Actividad mutagénica y genotóxica en el material particulado fracción respirable MP2,5 en Pamplona, Norte de Santander, Colombia

Abstract: Objective: To study the mutagenic and genotoxic activities of particulate material (MP2,5 collected in Pamplona, Norte de Santander, Colombia. Materials and methods: MP2,5 was monitored by means of a Partisol 2025 sequential air sampler with Plus Palmflex quartz filters. The latter were subjected to two extraction procedures: Soxhlet extraction using dichloromethane-acetone; and ultrasonic extraction using dichloromethane, acetone and dichloromethane/ acetone mix. The mutagenic and genotoxic activities were determined for each extract. Results: This is the first study conducted in Colombia that reports the mutagenic and genotoxic activities associated with particulate matter (MP2,5) taken from vehicular emissions in Pamplona, Norte de Santander. The mutagenic assay determined by the Ames test using Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98 and TA100 showed a high direct mutagenic activity in the analyzed extracts. On the other hand, the genotoxic activity, determined by means of the comet assay, was high too. Conclusion: Particulate material (MP2,5) present in air samples in Pamplona (northeastern Colombia) is a risk factor for the exposed population because it can directly induce mutations and also cause genotoxic damage .

Effect of the consumption of chocolate enriched with tryptophan and resveratrol on biochemical markers and oxidative stress in a healthy population

Abstract: Background: Chocolate is a product with high nutritional value, of sensory characteristics accepted and preferred by the consumer, in addition to beneficial to health. Based on the benefits attributed to cocoa components, investigations have shown that chocolate consumption has been involved in the modulation of blood pressure protection, the lipid profile, the activation of platelets, and insulin sensitivity. Objective: Evaluate the effect of consuming a tablet of chocolate enriched with tryptophan present in the peanut and resveratrol contained in the peel flour and grape seed, on biochemical markers and oxidative stress in a healthy population. Methods: The study was conducted in 10 subjects aged between 20 and 40 years, who consumed daily for 21 days, a chocolate bar of 15 g enriched with tryptophan and resveratrol. Before starting the study and after 21 days, the participants were given weighty measures, waist, hip and blood pressure. As well as blood samples, where was analyzed: glycemia, creatinine, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, VLDL, uric acid, insulin and markers of oxidative stress 8- isoprostane and catalase. The non-parametric statistical tests were applied Kruskal-Wallis for n=10, with a value of significance of 0.05. Results: A statistically significant decrease in insulin values and oxidative stress marker 8-isoprostane was stopped, whereas catalase values increased significantly. Conclusions: The consumption of chocolate enriched with tryptophan and resveratrol, does not alter the biochemical parameters of glycemia, creatinine, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, VLDL and uric acid. But it significantly helps the decrease of insulin in blood and could have beneficial health effects related to the reduction of oxidative stress, after consuming 15 g of the chocolate during 21 days.

The andean forest soil seed bank in two successional stages in northeastern Colombia

Abstract: Background : Soil seed banks play an important role in post-disturbance regeneration and succession of species from different successional stages. Questions : 1) What is the most effective method for determining the composition and structure of the soil seed bank of Andean forests? 2) What is the composition and structure of soil seed banks in old-growth forest and shrubland sites in the Andean montane tropical forest of the North Santander region of Colombia? Study site : Andean forest, Pamplona, Colombia Methods : We surveyed the soil seed bank in two successional stages of Andean forest and examined its structure using two sampling methods: direct separation and germination. Results : Soil seed bank density was higher (18-fold in old-growth forest and 666-fold in shrubland) with the direct separation method than with germination; however, under the germination method, we found four species that we did not detect through the direct separation method. Soil seed banks from shrublands were mainly dominated by species from disturbed areas (91 %), while those from the old-growth forest presented early, intermediate and late species; e.g., Miconia summa , Myrsine dependens and Solanum sp., respectively. In the old-growth forest (especially for late species), density increased with depth. This pattern was not observed in shrubland. Seeds obtained by using the direct separation method presented low (< 7 %) viability. Conclusion : We consider the two methods to be complementary and recommend the use of both for a thorough characterization of soil seed banks from Andean forests. At different successional stages in the Colombian Andean forest, the soil seed bank may contain early, intermediate and late species, and it therefore plays an important role in the regeneration of this threatened ecosystem.