University of Pamplona

About: University of Pamplona is a education organization based out in Pamplona, Colombia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Foreign language. The organization has 1951 authors who have published 1700 publications receiving 9156 citations. The organization is also known as: UP.

Calidad, productividad y costos: análisis de relaciones entre estos tres conceptos

Abstract: La economia mundial del presente, y particular la economia Venezolana es cada vez mas compleja, dificil, interdependiente y competitiva. Dentro de este escenario donde las dificultades tienden a ser condiciones normales de trabajo, la mejor respuesta a las condiciones economicas y de produccion es la calidad, la productividad y la disminucion de los costos. Con el presente trabajo se tiene como proposito contribuir a aclarar el sentido de direccion de la empresa en materia de calidad, productividad y costos tomando como referencia las relaciones que existen entre estos tres conceptos. Se refiere que una de las relaciones viene dada por: a mayor calidad, mayor productividad y menores costos. Palabras Claves: Competitividad. Calidad. Productividad. Eficiencia. Efectividad. Costos

Thermoanalytical and infrared spectroscopic investigations on wax samples of native Colombian bees living in different altitudes

Abstract: Colombia exhibits an extraordinarily high species diversity of the subfamily Apinae (honeybees, bumblebees, stingless bees, orchid bees). This fact makes it worthwhile to look for beeswax as biological material produced by these insects and to prove possible applications in technique and human life. We examined for the first time waxes from pollen and honey pots, brood cells, and involucres of different species of the tribes Bombini, Meliponini, and Apini native to South America. Thermal analyses were carried out with a TA Instruments SDT-Q600 and simultaneous differential scanning calorimetry/thermogravimetric analysis with dry nitrogen as purge gas. Temperature scans started at ambient temperature and went up to 120°C. A fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Prestige-21 spectrometer was used to obtain infrared spectra of the waxes. Our results underline that thermal properties and IR spectra of waxes are more similar within the taxonomic groups than between them and are related to the altitude where bees live. This work contributes to the achievement of information that will serve to establish energy mechanisms used by these insects and to set up conservation strategies to protect them.

Environmental and socio-economic determinants associated with the occurrence of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the northeast of Colombia

Abstract: Background Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a vector-borne disease that is widely distributed in most tropical regions. Colombia has experienced an important increase in its incidence during the last decade. There are CL transmission foci in the Colombian departments of Santander and Norte de Santander. Objectives To identify environmental and socio-economic variables associated with CL incidence in the municipalities of the northeast of Colombia between 2007 and 2016. Methods This was an ecological study of CL cases aggregated by municipality. The cases reported during the study period were analyzed with a negative binomial regression to obtain the adjusted incident rate ratio for environmental and socio-economic variables. Findings During the study period, 10 924 cases of CL were reported, and 110 (86.6%) municipalities reported at least one CL case. The coverages of forest (aIRR 1.05, 95% CI 1.03-1.07), heterogeneous agricultural zones (aIRR 1.04, 95% CI 1.02-1.06) and permanent crops (aIRR 1.07, 95% CI 1.02-1.12) were associated with a higher incidence of CL. Conversely, urban functionality (aIRR 0.95, 95% CI 0.92-0.96), minimal-altitude above sea level (aIRR 0.84, 95% CI 0.79-0.90) and shrub coverage (aIRR 0.98, 95% CI 0.95-1.0) were negatively associated with the incidence of CL in the municipality. Main conclusions Our results confirm the importance of environmental determinants, such as height above sea level, and coverage of forest, permanent crops and heterogeneous agricultural zones, for the occurrence of CL; these findings also suggest the importance of shrub coverage. Furthermore, urban functionality was a socio-economic determinant independently associated with CL incidence.

Análisis de la vegetación sucesional en un fragmento de bosque seco tropical en Toluviejo-Sucre (Colombia)

Abstract: Se realizo la caracterizacion estructural y composicion floristica de la vegetacion sucesional en un fragmento de bosque seco tropical en Toluviejo-Sucre (Colombia). Se registraron tres estados de sucesion en los que se determinaron los indices de diversidad y se compararon mediante un analisis de correspondencia sin tendencia. Se registraron 138 especies distribuidas en 111 generos y 42 familias. La familia Fabaceae presento mayor riqueza con 21 especies y 18 generos, seguida de Sapindaceae y Rubiaceae. El habito mejor representado en terminos de riqueza de especies para el matorral (estado temprano) fueron los arbustos (37.6%); en el borde del bosque (estado intermedio) los arboles (58.8%) y en el bosque (estado tardio) arboles (67.5%). El estado intermedio presenta mayor diversidad de especies que el estado tardio. El estrato temprano presento mayor dominancia debido al alto grado de perturbacion antropica y al proceso de colonizacion de especies. Segun el DCA, las etapas que muestran mayor similitud son el EI (estado intermedio) y el ETA (estado tardio), debido a las semejanzas en el clima, condiciones edaficas y factores bioticos. Este estudio aporta conocimientos relevantes para fomentar proyectos de conservacion de areas, asi como para planes de manejo de la vegetacion

Chicamocha Canyon Geopark project: A novel strategy for the socio-economic development of Santander (Colombia) through geoeducation, geotourism and geoconservation

Abstract: The proposed Chicamocha Canyon Geopark project is starting its way for nomination as a UNESCO Global Geopark under the recognition of the Global Geoparks Network. This paper aims to present the justifications of establishing this geopark. It also assesses the potential role of a geopark figure in Santander as an urgent measure to promote the geoconservation of the Chicamocha Canyon territory. The success of this project will not only improve the living conditions of local communities, but also will be a reference model in terms of geological conservation at national and international level. The Chicamocha Canyon, where is proposed to develop this project, has a great potential for the development of the tourism industry due to climatic conditions of the region, besides possessing a rich cultural and natural heritage that needs to be enhanced and protected. Undoubtedly, this initiative should satisfy all the requirements to be a UNESCO Global Geopark, which include a delimited area that defines a territory, the occurrence of geological features of international importance with scientific, educational and aesthetic value, the presence of other types of heritage such as archaeological sites, as well as a proper access infrastructure that favors the socio-economic development of the region. In order to guarantee the successful consolidation of the proposed geopark within the defined territory, this initiative must count the strong support of the local communities and must involve stakeholders such as government authorities, academic and research institutions, and local businesses.