Wilkes University

About: Wilkes University is a education organization based out in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Pharmacy. The organization has 616 authors who have published 1032 publications receiving 21050 citations. The organization is also known as: Wilkes & Wilkes College.

The Role of Organosulfur Compounds Derived From Allium Vegetables in Cancer Prevention and Therapy

Abstract: Organosulfur compounds (OSCs) are a group of small molecules commonly present in Allium vegetables, such as garlic, onions chives, and shallots that have garnered scientific interest for their noted health benefits. OSCs have been evaluated for their potential to prevent or treat major diseases including cancer. Epidemiological evidence of inverse association between increased intake of Allium vegetables and cancer risk is now substantiated by animal studies wherein true causal relationships between OSCs and cancer prevention have been found. This chapter summarizes the chemistry, metabolism, and bioavailability of commonly studied OSCs and the latest developments regarding their anticarcinogenic effects in cell culture and animal models. Data pertinent to clinical trials assessing safety and anticancer efficacy of OSCs are also discussed.

4.1 Monosaccharides: Occurrence, Significance, and Properties

Abstract: This chapter is exclusively devoted to the occurrence, significance, and physical and randomly selected chemical properties of various groups of sugars and their implications in synthetic applications of these specified classes of monosaccharides.

On the Dynamic Modeling of a Bevel-Geared Surgical Robotic Mechanism

Abstract: The use of robotics to enhance visualization and tissue manipulation capabilities contributes to the advancement of minimally invasive surgery. For the development of surgical robot manipulators, the use of advanced dynamic control is an important aspect at the design stage to determine the driving forces and/or torques, which must be exerted by the actuators in order to produce a desirable trajectory of the end effector. Therefore, this study focuses on the generation of inverse dynamic models for a spherical bevel-geared mechanism called Compact Bevel-geared Robot for Advanced Surgery (CoBRASurge), which is used as a surgical tool manipulator. For given typical trajectories of end effectors in clinical experiments, the motion of each element in the mechanism can be derived using the inverse kinematic equations. The driving torques exerted by actuators can be determined according to the presented inverse dynamic formulations. The simulation results of CoBRASurge reveal the nature of the driving torques in spherical bevel-geared mechanisms. In addition, sensitivity analysis of mass contribution has been performed to evaluate the effect of individual elements on the peak driving torques. Dynamic models, such as the one presented, can be used for the design of advanced dynamic control systems, including gravity compensation and haptic interfaces for enhanced surgical functionality. The accompanying sensitivity analysis also provides a solid guideline for the design of the next generation CoBRASurge prototype. The present dynamic modeling methodology also gives a general dynamic analysis approach for other spherical articulated linkage mechanisms.

Thin Perforated A-shaped DRA for UWB Applications

Abstract: This paper presents a new design of a passive one-piece A-shaped dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) by perforating the dielectric material to provide the required effective dielectric constant. The DRA is excited by a microstrip line over a perforated substrate. The presented antenna has maintained the same characteristics of the regular A-shaped Antenna of broadside radiation and wide matching bandwidth. A comparison between the present and the original DRA is presented. In addition, a thin A-shaped DRA is presented, which is 50% of the original volume. The thin DRA still provides wideband width characteristics.