Wilkes University

About: Wilkes University is a education organization based out in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Pharmacy. The organization has 616 authors who have published 1032 publications receiving 21050 citations. The organization is also known as: Wilkes & Wilkes College.

Homocytotropic antibody function in the mouse: Eosinophil responses, complement-altering agents and eosinophilia, anaphylactic sensitization

Abstract: Cellular contents of peritoneal washings were quantitated at 6, 24, and 48 hour intervals after passive sensitieation and antigenic challenge with egg albumin (EA) in CFW strain mice. Control study with heterologous species-precipitating and reaginic rabbit antisera was not possible since injections of normal serum also effected peritoneal eosinophilia and it was found to contain naturally occurring heterophil antibody for mouse erythrocytcs. Significant eosinophil accumulations were demonstrated with immune systems related two homologous species-homocytotropic antibody preparations characterized by 4 hours (IgG 1 ) and 72 hours (≈ IgE) passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) properties, respectively. These effects were both blocked in the presence of precipitating antibody (predominantly IgG 2 ) and minimized under experimental conditions unfavorable for cell fixation of homocytotropic antibody. Lesser degrees of eosinophilia were noted in passive sensitization experiments involving (1) soluble antigen-antibody complexes and (2) precipitating antiserum, and with preparations of EA alone when the contents of molecular aggregates were not reduced by ultrafiltration. There were no significant differences noted in comparably sensitized and challenged animals concomitantly treated with cobra venom factor (CVF) to affect the complement cascade at or beyond C3. While significant diminution in peritoneal eosinophilia resulted from associated treatment with fumaropimaric acid (FPA), biologic effects of this agent other than those involving complement could not be ruled out. Lesser degrees of eosinophilia associated with preformed soluble antigen-antibody complexes, molecular aggregates of antigen, and passive sensitization involving precipitating antibody were lessened by treatment with both CVF and FPA. During the course of these passive sensitization-challenge experiments, the uniform development of anaphylactic shock with 50 per cent incidence of fatal outcomes (SD 50 ) occurred after injections of the immune reactants in a dosage range of 0.1 to 0.2 ml. of 1:64 titer 4 hour PCA homocytotropic antibody reflecting an IgG 1 content of 380 to 860 μg IgG 1 and 250 μg-1.5 mg. EA. Anaphylactic sensitization was not observed in mice passively immunized with either 72 hour PCA homocytotropic antisera (≈ IgE) or precipitating antibody (predominantly IgG 2 ) and was not enhanced by concomitant treatment with Bordetella pertussis vaccine. Within the limits of these experiments in a mouse model, immune related eosinophilia associated with homocytotropic antibody action was not complement-dependent, and anaphylactic sensitization was identified as a function of IgG 1 but not IgE.

Analysis of community pharmacist recommendations from a transitions of care study

Abstract: Community pharmacists are often the first healthcare professional encountered following discharge from a hospital, but what extent of services provided is not fully described across a variety of community pharmacy settings. Our objective was to capture and report recommendations made by community pharmacists during a transitions of care interventional study and to determine if visit‐related factors affected the risk of readmission.

Bandgap engineering of carbon allotropes

Abstract: Starting from the graphene layer, the bandgap engineering of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) is described by applying an appropriate boundary condition. Linear E-k relationship of graphene transforms to a parabolic one as momentum vector in the tube direction is reduced to dimensions smaller than inverse of the tube diameter of a CNT. Similar transition is noticeable for narrow width of a GNR. In this regime, effective mass and bandgap expressions are obtained. A CNT or GNR displays a distinctly 1D character suitable for applications in quantum transport.