Wilkes University

About: Wilkes University is a education organization based out in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Pharmacy. The organization has 616 authors who have published 1032 publications receiving 21050 citations. The organization is also known as: Wilkes & Wilkes College.

Marriage and family in a Tudor elite: familial patterns of Elizabethan bishops.

Abstract: tury, and beginning a study of the colonial origins of communal strife in formerly British ruled areas. Elizabethan England was a community with the deep belief that a well-ordered hierarchy was the proper form for society (Tillyard, n.d.). At the apex stood the Queen, supreme governor of state and church. Beneath her were the lords temporal and spiritual who were to aid her in governing the remainder of the body politic. The bishops of the English church, whose family pattern is the concern of this essay, were the spiritual lords. The prelates, overseers of a hierachically organized church, were in theory the social equals of the nobility. In fact, the bishops’ position was not as strong as it had been in the past , for the power of the episcopate had been undermined by the Reformation which subjugated the church to the power of the state to an unprecedented degree. Among the handicaps faced by the Elizabethan diocesans were the hostility of

The current state of Nursing Informatics – An international cross-sectional survey

Abstract: An international survey to explore current and future trends in Nursing Informatics (NI) was done in 2015. This article explores responses to questions about: what should be done to further develop NI as an independent discipline; existing policies and standards influencing NI; perceived support towards NI as a discipline; and advice from NI specialists to students and emerging professionals. Nurse and allied health professionals in academia and practice were reached with snowball sampling. Open-ended questions were analysed with thematic content analysis and the mean and standard deviation is reported for the perceived support towards NI (scale ranging from 1 (not at all supportive) to 10 (very supportive)). A total of 507 respondents from 46 countries responded to the survey. Respondents reported mediocre support towards NI from the environment (M 5.79, SD 2.60). Results showed that NI education needs development to better meet practice demands, that current NI resources seem insufficient, that NI expertise is not used to its full potential in health institutions and the community, and that NI needs to show its value through research and increase visibility to be recognised among stakeholders worldwide. In conclusion, there is a need to clarify NI as a discipline and a need for strong leadership to impact policy making. An increase in NI teaching at undergraduate level in nursing as well as an increase in postgraduate NI programmes worldwide would better support practice demands. National policies and international white papers in NI are needed to guide resource distribution to better support practice.

Clinal variation in stomatal characteristics of an Arctic sedge, Eriophorum vaginatum (Cyperaceae)

Abstract:  Premise of the study: In a large reciprocal transplant experiment, Eriophorum vaginatum tussocks transplanted along a latitudinal gradient in Alaska’s interior exhibited genetic differentiation and phenotypic plasticity for vegetative traits. Using the same tussocks 30 yr later, we used estimates of growing season temperature at each site to ask whether there was a climatic cline for stomatal density, size, and conductance.  Methods: We created impressions of the abaxial leaf surfaces of the transplanted individuals for viewing under a microscope and measured stomatal density (SD) and length (SL) for 224 individuals. We used SD and SL to estimate stomatal conductance ( C ). Separate one-way analyses of variance were performed to quantify the effect of population genetic differences and latitudinal environmental variation on stomatal characteristics.  Key results: Our data suggest that stomatal size was infl uenced by both genetics and environment and that plasticity for stomatal density produced highest densities at the coolest sites. Stomatal conductance increased with decreasing temperature of site from which the populations originated.  Conclusions: Our results demonstrate a cline in stomatal conductance in E. vaginatum , with some ability of populations to plastically produce an appropriate phenotypic response in a new environment. Because the species is a dominant species in many arctic plant communities, its ability to produce an appropriate stomatal phenotype and to optimize water use effi ciency by decreasing stomatal conductance in warmer environments could affect both community composition and total primary productivity in future, warmer climates.

Mutational Response of Habrobracon in the BIOSATELLITE II Experiment

Abstract: experiment was designed to survey mature sperm and all different stages of oogenesis for mutational effects, particularly dominant lethality, recessive lethal and visible mutation frequencies, and inherited partial sterility. These were scored at all stages of the life cycle and all are total genome effects. Additional data were collected and are being accumulated on survival, life span, and biochemical and behavioral differences of the animals themselves.